Structure of the Atom

number of proton +number of neutrons= number of nucleons

z=number of proton

isotopes=same atomic number different atomic mass isobars=different atomic number same atomic mass isotone=different elements having same number of neutrons isoelectronic species=can be atom molecules or ions with same number of electron

c=wavelength*frequency

Gamma rays<x-rays<Ultraviolet<visible <infrared<microwave<radio wave

E=nh*frequency=nhc/wavelength

h*frequency=Wo+K.E

Wo=h*frequency°=hc/wavelength°

mvr=nh/2π

frequency=∆E/h

rn=0.529×n^2/z amstrong

vn=2.19×10^6 Z/n m/s

time period T =2πr/V T proportional to n^3/Z^2 frequency proportional to Z^2/n^3

E=2π^2me^4/n^2h^2 = -21.8*10^-19Z^2/n^2 J/atom =-13.6Z^2/n^2 ev/atom =-1312Z^2/n^2 kJ/mole =-313.6Z^2/n^2 kcal/mol

total energy=-13.6 Z^2/n^2 ev/atom K.E= 13.6 Z^2/n^2 ev/atom P.E=-27.2 Z^2/n^2 ev/atom

vn/2πrn

lamda(max)=n^2(n+1)^2/(2n+1)RZ^2 ,lamda(min) =n^2/RZ^2

lamda=(9.12*10^-6/z^2)*n1^2n2^2/n2^2-n1^2 cm frequency= 3.29×10^15(1/n1^2-1/n2^2)s^-1

((n2-n1)(n2-n1+1))/2

lamda=h/mv =h/√(2mke). =h/√(2mqV)

n

∆x.∆p= h/4π (h/4π=5.25*10^-35)

principle quantum number(n) : determine energy and average distance of an electron from the nucleus (size) , azimuthal quantum number(l): possible value 0 to n-1determines angular momentum of the electron gives subshell of electron is located L=(h/2π)*√(l(l+1), magnetic quantum number (m): different orengtal possible value -l o zero to +l (2l+1) value maximum electron in subshell=2(2l+1), spin quantum number (s) denote spin moton of electron can have -1/2 or +1/2 values spin magnetic moment=√(n(n+2)) (n is number of unpaired electron)

n,n^2,2n^2,2l+1,4l+2,n-l-1,l,no of subshells ,no of of orbitals ,no.electrons