Syphilis & Gonorrhea
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1
Disease classification of Syphilis?
Syphilis (STI)
2
What is causative organism of Syphilis (STI)?
*Treponema pallidum
3
Three things about Treponema Pallidum
*causes syphilis (STI)
*spirochete non gram staining mircogranism
*cannot be maintained in culture
*slow division (hence long acting antibiotic tx)
*motile (via axial filaments-long thin filament, responsible for spiral shape)
*microaerophile (requires lower levels of oxygen environments)
*spirochete non gram staining mircogranism
*cannot be maintained in culture
*slow division (hence long acting antibiotic tx)
*motile (via axial filaments-long thin filament, responsible for spiral shape)
*microaerophile (requires lower levels of oxygen environments)
4
What DOTW is known as the "stealth pathogen"?
Syphilis
5
Global incidence of Treponema Pallidum?
5 mil cases/year
6
Reservoir of Treponema Pallidum?
humans and mammals
7
Mode of Transmission:
*Direct STI
*vertical (mother to fetus)
*vertical (mother to fetus)
8
What is the incubation period of Treponema Pallidum?
10-90 dys (primary infection)
9
Length of primary infection of Treponma Pallidum?
*10-90 dys
10
What is pathogenesis of Treponema Pallidum?
*spirochete bacteria penetrates mucus membrane and multiplies before spreading to lymph nodes and blood stream
*inflammatory response leads to chancres and lesions
*inflammatory response leads to chancres and lesions
11
Why is Treponmea Pallidum a chronic infection?
immune system evasion allows for chronic infection with relapsing symptoms
12
Symptoms of Primary Syphilis?
*non-painful lesion or chancres sore at site of infection
13
When does primary symphilis resolve itself?
*in 3-6 wks
14
Symptoms of Secondary Syphilis?
*widely distributed skin and mucosal rash or lesions
*inflammed lymph nodes
*patchy hair loss
*malaise
*mild fever
*headache
*symptoms resolve in 3-12 weeks
*inflammed lymph nodes
*patchy hair loss
*malaise
*mild fever
*headache
*symptoms resolve in 3-12 weeks
15
Location of secondary lesions associated with Secondary Syphilis?
*palsm on hands and soles of ft
16
What three antibiotics are used to treat Treponema Pallidum?
*BPG
*Azithromycin
*Ceftriaxone
*Azithromycin
*Ceftriaxone
17
What is gonorrhea classified as?
*STI
18
Characteristics of neisseria gonorrhea?
*gram negative diplococcus
*intracellular parasite
*inhibits adaptive immunity (very few antibiotics left to treat it)
*fimbria/pili allow it to adhere to surfaces
*don't grow well in culture
*competent (can pull dna from environment to gain immunity/horizontal gene transfer)
*intracellular parasite
*inhibits adaptive immunity (very few antibiotics left to treat it)
*fimbria/pili allow it to adhere to surfaces
*don't grow well in culture
*competent (can pull dna from environment to gain immunity/horizontal gene transfer)
19
Gonorrhea epidemiology?
*reservoir= humans
*portal of entry= mucosa and comprimised skin (mouth, rectum, urogenitial)
*mode of transmission= direct (STI), vertical (mother to baby), needles
*portal of entry= mucosa and comprimised skin (mouth, rectum, urogenitial)
*mode of transmission= direct (STI), vertical (mother to baby), needles
20
Explain symp experience percentage wise of men and women with gonorrhea:
*80% men with gonorrhea experience symptoms
*80% of women with gonorrhea don't experience symptoms
*80% of women with gonorrhea don't experience symptoms
21
Incubation period of Gonorrhea?
2-5 days (for men)
22
Pathogenesis of Gonorrhea?
*pili enable adhesion of neisseria gonorrhea to epithelium, replication follows and invasion of epithelial cells and phagocytes
*inflammation of pus production facilates transmission
*infection may spread to blood stream or organs
*has way to escape immunity memory
*inflammation of pus production facilates transmission
*infection may spread to blood stream or organs
*has way to escape immunity memory
23
Symptoms for men with Gonorhea?
*inflammation of urethra
*discharge (clear/cloudy)
*painful or difficult urination
*discharge (clear/cloudy)
*painful or difficult urination
24
Symptoms for women with Gonorrhea?
*inflammation of cervix (discharge= clear and cloudy)
*inflammation of urethra (painful or difficult urination)
*inflammation of urethra (painful or difficult urination)
25
complications of gonorrhea (both sexes)?
*increased risk of acquiring other stds
*eye infection
*arthritis
*skin infection
*endocarditis
*eye infection
*arthritis
*skin infection
*endocarditis
26
Gonorrhea complications for men?
*epididymis and testes infection (pain/swelling)
*infectino of other reporductive glands
*infectino of other reporductive glands
27
Gonorrhea complications for women?
*PID (pelvic inflammatory disease)
*spontaneous abortion
*premature labor
*perinatal infant mortality
*spontaneous abortion
*premature labor
*perinatal infant mortality
28
Prevention for gonorrhea?
*abstinence
*barrier methods of contraception
*barrier methods of contraception
29
Treatment for Gonorrhea?
*Antibiotics: ceftriazone + azithromycin
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