Electrons and the Periodic Table

Reactive because they have one valence electron that is weakly bound to the atom (large atomic radii, low ionization energy)

O

Figure 8

Absorbs heat
-Electrons gaining energy, moving toward nucleus

Chemical reaction in which energy is primarily given off in the form of heat
-Electron falling down to lower energy level

Short wavelength, high frequency, high energy

Long wavelength, low frequency, low energy

A spectrum containing radiation of only CERTAIN wavelengths

Spectrum where ALL wavelengths are produced

Speed all electromagnetic waves travel

Height of a wave (crest to line)

Crest to crest

Number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time

Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change

Mixture of all the colors in the visible spectrum

Small packets of light that make up a wave

LOW energy, more stable

The lowest energy state of an atom

The __________ the energy transition, the MORE energy that is released and the _______________ the wavelength

Measure of the size of the atom
-Picometers

Increases as you go down a column because electrons jump from different energy levels as electron shells are added, so electrons move further from the nucleus making the radii larger

Decreases as you go across a period because the amount of protons increases and pull the electrons closer

The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom

Decreases, because the outermost electron gets further from the nucleus as more energy shells are added, so the attraction between the two gets weaker so the VE is easier to remove

Increases, because there are more protons as you go across a period so the electrons' attraction to the nucleus is stronger, making it harder to remove an electron

The attraction of an atom to electrons

Decreases as you go down a column because atomic radius increases, so electrons are further from the nucleus

Increases because atomic radii decreases and nuclear charge increases (more protons), so there's a stronger force attracting electrons (magnets closer together)

Determine if atoms have similar chemical properties