Wireless Networking and WLAN Standards
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1
What are three advantages of wireless networking?
Mobility, lower cabling costs, and easier expansion.
2
How does a WLAN support mobility?
Users can stay connected while moving within its coverage area.
3
How can a WLAN reduce installation costs?
It reduces the need to run cables to individual devices.
4
How does a WLAN make it easier to add devices?
New devices can connect without installing a cable for each one.
5
What does WLAN stand for?
Wireless Local Area Network.
6
What does the IEEE 802.11 family define?
Wireless LAN standards.
7
Which frequency band does 802.11a use?
5 GHz.
8
Which frequency band does 802.11b use?
2.4 GHz.
9
Which frequency band does 802.11g use?
2.4 GHz.
10
Which frequency bands does 802.11n support?
2.4 GHz and 5 GHz.
11
Which frequency band does 802.11ac use?
5 GHz.
12
Which 802.11 standard is known as Wi-Fi 4?
802.11n.
13
Which 802.11 standard is known as Wi-Fi 5?
802.11ac.
14
Which 802.11 standard is known as Wi-Fi 6?
802.11ax.
15
What does OSA stand for in wireless authentication?
Open System Authentication.
16
Does Open System Authentication verify a shared secret?
No.
17
What does SKA stand for in wireless authentication?
Shared Key Authentication.
18
How does Shared Key Authentication verify a wireless client?
It uses a challenge and response based on a shared WEP key.
19
What does EAP stand for?
Extensible Authentication Protocol.
20
What does EAP provide?
A framework that supports different authentication methods.
21
What does WEP stand for?
Wired Equivalent Privacy.
22
Why is WEP insecure?
Weaknesses in its encryption let attackers recover the key.
23
What does WPA stand for?
Wi-Fi Protected Access.
24
Which protocol did the original WPA introduce to improve on WEP?
- CCMP
- TKIP
- RADIUS
- EAP
25
Which Wi-Fi security certification implements IEEE 802.11i?
WPA2.
26
What did IEEE 802.11i improve?
Wireless authentication and data protection.
27
What does TKIP stand for?
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol.
28
What does AES stand for?
Advanced Encryption Standard.
29
What kind of cipher is AES?
A symmetric block cipher.
30
What does CCMP stand for?
Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol.
31
Which cipher does CCMP use?
- TKIP
- WEP
- AES
- RADIUS
32
What does CCMP do to protect wireless data?
It encrypts data, checks its integrity, and protects against replay.
33
What is MAC address filtering?
Allowing or blocking devices based on their MAC addresses.
34
Why can attackers bypass MAC address filtering?
They can spoof an approved device’s MAC address.
35
What is a client-to-client attack on a WLAN?
One wireless client attacks another client on the same network.
36
What does a WLAN denial-of-service attack target?
Network availability.
37
What is a WLAN insertion attack?
Introducing an unauthorized device or access point into a network.
38
What is a WLAN interception attack?
Capturing wireless communications without authorization.
39
What does IEEE 802.1X provide?
Port-based network access control.
40
What are the three roles in 802.1X?
Supplicant, authenticator, and authentication server.
41
Who is the supplicant in a wireless 802.1X exchange?
The client requesting network access.
42
Who is the authenticator in a wireless 802.1X exchange?
The access point controlling network access.
43
Who verifies the client’s identity in a typical wireless 802.1X exchange?
The RADIUS server.
44
What does RADIUS stand for?
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service.
45
What does the AP initially block when a client joins an 802.1X Wi-Fi network?
Normal data traffic.
46
What does the AP ask the client for at the start of a typical 802.1X exchange?
Its identity.
47
Where does the AP forward the client’s authentication messages?
To the RADIUS server.
48
What does the RADIUS server return after checking the client’s credentials?
An access approval or denial.
49
What do the client and AP do after successful authentication on WPA2-Enterprise?
Perform a four-way handshake to install encryption keys.
50
When does the AP allow normal data traffic on WPA2-Enterprise?
After authentication and the four-way handshake succeed.
51
What happens to normal traffic if 802.1X authentication fails?
It stays blocked.
52
What is symmetric encryption?
Encryption that uses the same secret key to encrypt and decrypt.
53
What is asymmetric encryption?
Encryption that uses a related public and private key pair.
54
Which key creates a digital signature?
The signer’s private key.
55
Which key verifies a digital signature?
The signer’s public key.
56
What does a digital signature verify about a message?
Who signed it and whether it changed after signing.
57
Does a digital signature by itself keep a message secret?
No.
58
What does RF stand for in WLAN design?
Radio frequency.
59
What does RF design involve?
Planning channels, transmit power, and access point placement.
60
What does WLAN coverage measure?
The area where clients can get a usable wireless signal.
61
What does WLAN capacity measure?
How many clients and how much traffic the network can support.
62
What factors affect WLAN capacity?
Client count, traffic demand, available airtime, and interference.
63
What is WLAN site qualification?
Checking whether a location can meet coverage, capacity, and installation requirements.
64
What can a wireless site survey reveal?
Weak signal areas, sources of interference, and suitable access point locations.
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