Chapter 16 & 17 Pharm

agents that influence the activity of cholinergic receptors
most mimic or block the action of acetylcholine
cholinesterase inhibitors = prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine

work by direct interaction with muscarinic receptors
PSNS response
another term parasymathomimetic agents

Class: muscarinic agonist parasympathomimetic agent
Use: urinary retention and investigational gastrointenstinal uses
Adverse: hypotension, increased tone and motility, exacerbation of asthma
Nursing Implication: don't give to people w asthma

bradycardia
increased sweating, salivation, bronchial secretions, and secretion of gastric acid
contraction in lung (constriction)

excessive activation of muscarinic receptors
profuse salivation, lacrimation (tearing), visual disturbances, diarrhea
treatment: atropine

competitively block the actions of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors
aka parasympatholytic drugs, antimuscarinic drugs, muscarinic blockers anticholinergic drugs

Class: Muscarinic antagonist
Use: bradycardia (increases heart rate), paralysis of ciliary muscle of the eye (dilates pupils), preanestheric for procedures
Adverse: xerostomia (dry mouth), blurred vision and photophobia, elevation of intraocular pressure, urinary retetion
Nursing Implication: avoid giving atropine with other drugs capable of causing muscarinic blockade

IM, IV, subq
atripen IM for cholinesterase inhibitor poisoing
eye drops and solutions

Class: muscarinic antagonist
Use: suppresses emsesis and motion sickness
Adverse: ?
Nurse implication: ?

tone down the bladder

hot and dry
dry mouth, blurred vision
treatment: physostigmine