Ch 5 Vocab

the level of significance that is used to determine if an analysis is statistically significant

a statistic used when a researcher wants to examine differences and statistically controll a variable that may affect the outcome of a study

a statistic used when a researcher wants to examine the differences between groups

comparison of the result of two or more groups

a statisitc used to compare the differences between groups whent he data compared is frequencies

a reliability estimate that suggests the range of outcomes expected when an analysis is repeated

a statistic that compares a dependent variable within the same group, either a pretest and postest or two different measures

a statisitc that describes the magnitude or strength of a statistic. It can refer to the magnitude of the difference, relationship, or outcome.

a statistic that compares the difference in the mean score for two groups that are independent of, or unrelated to, each other.

statistic techniques that use study samples to make generalizations that apply to an entire population

a non-parametric statistic used to compare the differences between three or more groups useing rank ordered data

also called alpha or a, the level at which a statistic is identified as statisitically significant; most typically set at less than 0.05.

a non-parametic statistic used to compare the difference between two groups using rank ordered data

a difference statistic used when between-group and within-group analyses are conducted simultaneously; two or more groups are compared over two or more time points

statistics used when parametric assumptions are not met (typically means the data is not normally distributed). Medians, frequences, or rank-ordered data are compared or related.

the ability of a study to detect a difference or relationship

a process used by researchers that determines the number of participants needed in a study to obtain the desired power

the likelyhood of a given event taking place

used to indicate statistical significance and represents the probability that the results occurred by chance

a difference statistic that compares three or more groups at a single point in time

a difference statisitc, similar to a dependent sample or within group t-test, that is used when the means are compared over more than two time periods or more than two different tests

expresses the probability that the result of a given experiment or study could have occurred purely by chance

a statisitc used to compare two things; either two groups, two points in time, or two different assessments

a comparison of changes or difference within the same froups, such as a pretest and postest comparison