starfish lab
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1
what kind of symmetry does the starfish have?
radial
2
how many arms/ rays does a starfish have?
five
3
madreporite
small, round hard plate on top of central disc; water enters through this into the vascular system
4
anus
small opening right next to the madreporite; for excretion following digestion
5
spines
on upper surface of starfish; protect the starfish and are part of internal skeleton
6
skin gills
between each spine; pores that allow the starfish to take in oxygen for cellular respiration
7
eyespot
at the tip of each arm
8
mouth
in the center of the disc
9
oral spines
a ring of oral spines surrounds the mouth
10
ambulacral groove
groove that extends down the underside of each arm
11
tube feet
inside each groove; part of the water vascular system; aid in movement and feeding; attached to a zipper-like ridge that extends the length of the ray/arm
12
ampulla
bulb-like top of a tube foot; sac that works like the top of an eyedropper to create suction; bottom of the tube foot is a sucker
13
pyloric caeca
digestive glands that make enzymes to digest food in the stomach
14
stomach
under the central disc
15
gonads
testes/ovaries; underneath the pyloric caeca; may be small if starfish is not breeding
16
ossicles
skeletal plates embedded in the soft body wall
17
lateral canal
rubs down center of each arm; tube feet are attached to this
18
ring canal
circular canal that five lateral canals are connected to in central disc
19
stone canal
short canal; leads from the ring canal to madreporite, where water enters
20
nervous system
rudimentary; lacks a brain; contains central nervous system in form of a nerve ring; similar location to the ring canal
21
water vascular system
seen when gonads are removed; system of canals in which seawater (instead of blood in circulatory system) circulates throughout the starfishs body
22
hydrostatic skeleton
rely on fluid (mostly water) that is always under pressure; constant volume of fluid in an enclosed body space called the coelom or coelomic cavity; tube feet of starfish rely on hydrostatic skeleton to enable the organism to move
23
ventral/oral surface
underside
24
kingdom
animalia
25
phylum
echinoderm
26
class
asteroidea
27
on which surface is the mouth visible?
oral surface
28
on which surface is the madreporite visible?
aboral
29
on which surface is the tube feet visible?
oral
30
what happens if a starfish loses an arm?
regenerates
31
describe the structures involved innique adaptations of starfish digestive system
The starfish digestive system involves dual stomachs, the cardiac stomach, and the pyloric stomach. The unique adaptation is that they can evert their stomach out of their mouth to digest food externally before retracting it back into their body.
32
describe the parhway water takes starting with the madreporite
madreporite > stone canal > ring cansl > radial canal > lateral canal
33
Describe the structures likely involved in the hydrostatic skeleton
By moving water from the vascular system into the tiny feet, the sea star can make a foot move by expanding it. Movement in a hydrostatic skeleton is provided by muscles that surround the coelom
34
Both phylum Annelida and Echinodermata contain members that are hermaphroditic. They also contain members that are diecious (have members of opposite sexes). What are the pros and cons of each
reproductive strategy?
reproductive strategy?
- starfishs asexual reproduction is reliable because no matter what it will grow back. if starfish overpopulate it could cause damage to an environment.
- sexual reproduction allows genetic diversity but requires finding a mate
35
Compare the organization of the nervous system of our model Annelid to our model Echinoderm.
annelida have a central nervous system while echinoderm nervous system has a circumoral nerve ring connected to five radial nerve cords
36
Compare the method by which starfish take in oxygen to the system used by earthworms.
most oxygen is taken up from water thst passes over their tube feet snd papulae or skin gills. earthworms take in oxygen through their skin
37
nervous system
nerve ring, eyespot, radial nerves
38
digestive system
pyloric caeca, mouth, stomach
39
circulatory system
madreporite and tube feet
40
reproductive system
gonads
41
skeletal system
spines
42
vascular system
madreporite and stone canal
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