Energy transfers in ecosystems
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1
What is biomass?
Mass of carbon in an organism
2
How is biomass measured?
Dry mass per unit area
3
What is used to measure energy?
A calorimeter
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What does burning biomass calculate?
Chemical energy content
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What does temperature change indicate?
Energy released by burning biomass
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What is GPP?
Total chemical energy in plants
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What is NPP?
Energy available for growtheproduction
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How is NPP calculated?
NPP = GPP - R
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What does R represent?
Respiratory losses
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What is net production for consumers?
N = I - (F + R)
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What does "I" stand for in NPP?
Chemical energy ingested
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What does "F" stand for in NPP?
Energy lost in fecesrine
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What does "R" stand for in NPP?
Energy lost via respiration
14
What is energy transfer efficiency?
(Energy transfer ÷ Input energy) x 100
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What is an example of NPP?
Grass = 20,000kJ; NPP = 12,000kJ
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What are trophic levels?
Steps in a food chain
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What is dry mass?
Biomass without water content
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How is GPP energy used?
For respiration and NPP
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What is secondary production?
Consumers’ biomass increase
20
What is primary production?
Plants' biomass production
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