Epithelia
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Covers every exposed surface of the body
epithelial tissue
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functions of epithelia
physical protection
controls permeability
provides sensation
produces speialized secretions
controls permeability
provides sensation
produces speialized secretions
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characteristics of epithelia
PACAR
Polarity: presence of structural differenceson exposed/attaxched surfaces
Attachment: of base to basement membrane
Cellularity: entirely made of cell junctions
Avasularity: lacks blood vessels
Regeneration
Polarity: presence of structural differenceson exposed/attaxched surfaces
Attachment: of base to basement membrane
Cellularity: entirely made of cell junctions
Avasularity: lacks blood vessels
Regeneration
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microvilli
increase surface area where secertion is required
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long microvilli - inner ear tract
stereocilia
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wave motion moves particles across surface
cillia
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1 layer of epithelia
simple
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more than one layer of epithelia
stratified
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speudostratified (respiratory tract and male reproductive tract)
one layer but looks like multiple
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flat scale shaped epithelial cell
sqaumous
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box shaped epithelial cell
cuboidal
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tall pilar like epithelial cell
coluimnar
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transitional epithelium
changes between squamous and cuboidal shape
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cell shape of pericardial
simple squamous
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cell shape of kindney tubule
simble cuboidal
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cell shape of intestinal lining
simple columnar
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cell shape of sruface of tongue
stratified squamous
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cell shape of sweat gland duct
stratified cuboidal
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cell shape of salivary gland duct
stratified columnar
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junction that allows least amount of passage, not even water
tight junctions
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where cell is exposed to int/external environment
apical surfaces
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Base and sides of epithelia
basolateral surfaces
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base of basolateral surface
cell ataches to underlying epithelial cells or deep tissue
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sides of basolateral surfaces
cell contacts its neighbors
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encircle apical regions of cells
tight junctions
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channel proteins used in gap junctions
connexons
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form a channel by joining membrane and channel proteins
gap junctions
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allow ions to pass through
gap junctions
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go alaong with tight junctions
terminal web and adhesion belt
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isolate lumen from basal surfaces
tight junctions
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Very durable junction attached to cytoskeleton
desmosomes
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What are desmosomes made up of
Cams and proteoglycans
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small discs connected to bands of internal filaments that stabalize shape
spot desmosomes
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anchor to underlying tissue and attache cells to extracellular fillaments in basement membrane
hemidesmosomes
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What are glans made of
epithelial tissue
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organs that secrete
glands
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glands that release hormones into blood without ducts
endocrine glands
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glands that release onto epithelial surfaces through ducts (sweat/tears)
exocrine glands
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Gives basement membrane strenght
reticular lamina
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basal lamina
selective filter layer close to epithelium
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maintanence and repair of epithelial cells
continuous division of cells near basement membrane
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consist of goblet cells
unicellular cells
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shapes of glands
tubular or alcinar(flask shape) and branched
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gland with multiple ducts
compound
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serous secretion
watery solution that contains enzymes
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mucous secretion
mucins that hydrate to form mucus
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merocrine
secretion released by secretory vesicles through exocytosis
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cell suicide
holocrine
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cell releases product and explodes
holocrine
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apical cytoplasm packs w vesicles and sheds
apocrine method of secretion
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