Lecuture 7 - Introduction to Virology
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1
What are obligate intracellular parasites?
Depend on the host cell for replication
2
What can viruses NOT make?
-make energy or substrates
-makes their own proteins
-replicate their genome independently (without host cell)
-makes their own proteins
-replicate their genome independently (without host cell)
3
How are viruses classified by?
-Size and shape
-Genomic material
-Site of infection/diseases they cause
-Means of transmission (enteric, respiratory)
-Genomic material
-Site of infection/diseases they cause
-Means of transmission (enteric, respiratory)
4
What are the units used to measure the size of viruses?
nanometers, nm
5
What are some characteristic to describe the shape of viruses?
Enveloped, non-enveloped
Polyhedral, helical, complex
Polyhedral, helical, complex
6
Describe some characteristics of gemonic material in viruses?
DNA or RNA [not both!]
Single-stranded vs. double-stranded
Single-stranded vs. double-stranded
7
Which characteristics of viruses ismore consistent means of classification?
Size and shape
Genomic material
Genomic material
8
Which characteristics of viruses isless consistent means: names and groupings tend to change?
9
Label this diagram. (top to bottom) 
Envelope protein
Envelope
Viral genome
Nucleocapsid
Viral tegument
Envelope
Viral genome
Nucleocapsid
Viral tegument
10
What are the 4 different shapes of viruses?
1. Complex
2. Polyhedral
3. Enveloped
4. Helical
2. Polyhedral
3. Enveloped
4. Helical
11
What viruses shape is this?
Complex
12
What viruses shape is this?
Polyhedral
13
What viruses shape is this?
Helical
14
What viruses shape is this?
Enveloped
15
Which viruses (DNA/RNA) are more sensitive?
RNA viruses are more senstitive; aka is labile and transient
16
Which viruses (DNA/RNA) is less sensitive?
DNA viruses are less sensitive; aka not transient nor labile
17
Which viruses (DNA/RNA) are more prone to mutation?
RNA viruses
18
What type of infection is commonly associated with DNA viruses?
Many establish persistent infections
19
Where do DNA viruses typically replicate within a host cell?
Often reside in the cell nucleus
20
How do DNA viruses interact with host cellular processes for replication?
Viral DNA resemble host DNA for transcription and replication and interact with host machinery
21
Where do RNA viruses mostly replicating within the cells?
most replication in the cytoplasm
22
How do RNA viruses interact with host cellular processes for replication?
Must code for own RNA polymerase (transcribes DNA sequence into RNA sequence)/carry polymerases.
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