Reproductive System (females)
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1
What do the ovaries do? Be specific :)
*produce gametes (ova/eggs) and sec hormones (estrogens and progesterone)
2
What three major ligaments are found in the female reproductive system?
*ovarian ligament
*suspensory ligament
*Broad Ligament ....mesovarium (part of broad ligament)
*suspensory ligament
*Broad Ligament ....mesovarium (part of broad ligament)
3
What does the Ovarian ligament do?
*anchors ovary medially to the uterus
4
What does the Suspensory ligament do?
*anchors ovary laterally
*brings blood and nerve supply to the ovaries
*brings blood and nerve supply to the ovaries
5
What does the Mesovarium do?
*Mesovarium (part of the broad ligament)
-suspends the ovary
-suspends the ovary
6
What houses ovarian follicles?
*Cortex of the ovaries
7
What houses large blood vessels and nerves within the ovaries?
*medulla
8
Uterine tubes aka
fallopian tubes
9
What is structure and the function of the fallopian tubes?
*ciliated tubes from the ovary to uterus
*receive ovulated oocyte
*site of fertilization
*receive ovulated oocyte
*site of fertilization
10
What is the distal end of the fallopian tube called? describe it's shape
Infundibulum (trumpet-shaped distal end)
11
What are Fimbria?
ciliated fingerlike extensions at the end of fallopian tubes
12
How is the Oocytes carried along the fallopian tube?
*peristalsis
*ciliary action
*ciliary action
13
Ectopic pregnancy is aka
tubal pregnancy
14
What is an ectopic pregnancy?
*fertilized oocyte begins to develop in uterine tube or peritoneal cavity
15
What are the four regions of the fallopian tube? start proximal to uterus and move outward
*isthmus
*ampulla
*infundibulum
*fimbriae
*ampulla
*infundibulum
*fimbriae
16
What is mesosalpinx?
*mesentery that supports uterine tubes (part of broad ligament)
17
Describe the structure of the Uterus...
*hollow, thick-walled, muscular chamber
18
Purpose of the uterus?
*harbors fertilized oocyte, provides nouishment and expels fetus during childbirth
19
Name of the rounded superior region of the uterus:
fundus
20
Name of the major portion of the uterus:
Body
21
Name of the narrow neck of uterus, that projects into the vagina:
cervix
22
Name of the opening through the cervix
cervical canal
23
What are the two main regions of the broad ligament?
*Mesosalpinx
*Mesovarium
*Mesovarium
24
What are the three ligaments found connecting to the uterus?
*Mesometrum ligament
*Uterosacral ligaments
*Round ligaments
*Uterosacral ligaments
*Round ligaments
25
Purpose of Mesometrium? What is apart off?
*provides lateral support
*apart of the broad ligament
*apart of the broad ligament
26
Pupose of the Uterosacral ligament?
secures the uterus to the sacrum
27
Purpose of the Round Ligaments?
*attatch uterus to the ventral wall and continues through the inguinal canal
28
What ligament provides lateral support to the uterus?
*Mesometrium (portion of the broad ligament)
29
What ligament secures the uteus to the secrum?
*uterosacral ligament
30
What ligament attatches the uterus to the ventral wall and continues through the inguinal canal?
*round ligaments
31
What are the three layers of the uterine wall?
*Perimetrium
*Myometrium
*Endometrium
*Myometrium
*Endometrium
32
What is the innermost layer of the uterine wall? Describe structure:
*Endometrium (inner mucosal lining)
33
What is the middle layer of uterine wall? Describe tissue structure:
*Myometrium (thick, interlacing middle layers of smooth muscle)
34
What is the outermost layer of the uterine wall?
*perimetrium (external serous layer)
35
What are the two layers of the endometrium?
*stratum functionalis
*stratum basalis
*stratum basalis
36
What layer of the endometrium is shed during menstration?
*stratum functionalis
37
What layer of the endometrium does not shed during menstration? Why?
*stratum basalis (forms new functionalis)
38
What provides blood to the endometrium?
*uterine arteries (branches from the internal illiac and forms anastomosis with ovarian arteries)
39
What is the vagina? structure:
*thin walled muscular tube between the bladder and rectum
40
Fuction of the vagina?
*allows discharge of menstrual fluid
*receipt of penis and semn
*serves as birth canal for baby
*receipt of penis and semn
*serves as birth canal for baby
41
What are the three layers of the vagina?
*inner mucosa
*muscularis (smooth muscle)
*adventitia (includes hymen)
*muscularis (smooth muscle)
*adventitia (includes hymen)
42
What is the ph of the inner mucosa of vagina?
*3.5-4.0
43
What is hymen?
*mucosa membrane that partially closes the vaginal canal before first intercourse
*considered apart of the adventitia
*considered apart of the adventitia
44
External Genitalia is called?
*vulva
or
*pudendum
or
*pudendum
45
What are vulva or pudendum considerd?
external genitalia of women
46
What is the labia majora? What does it overylay
*hair covered fatty area overlying pubic symphysis
47
What is the labia minora?
*hair covered large fatty skin folds (counterpart to male scrotum)
48
What is the clitoris?
skin folds lying within labia major (counterpart of ventral penis)
49
What is within Greater Vestibular Glands?
*erectile tissue (center of erotic stimulation)
50
What portion of external genitalia overlays the public symphysis?
Labia Majora
51
What portion of external genitalia is made up of large fatty skin folds (counterpart to male scrotum)?
Labia minora
52
Name skin folds of external genitalia that lie within labia major (counterpart of ventral penis)?
Clitoris
53
What glands are composed of erectile tissue and are center for erotic stimulation?
*greater vestibular glands
54
Purpose of greater vestibular glands?
*releases mucus into vestibule for lubrication
55
What gland releases mucus into vestibule for lubrication?
*Greater Vestibular glands
56
Mammary glands are considered modified ___ ___ consisting of ____. (how many)
*modified sweat glands
*made up of 15-25 lobes that open at a nipple
*made up of 15-25 lobes that open at a nipple
57
Where are mammary glands located within breasts?
*anteriorly to pectoral muscles
58
What glands in breasts produce milk?
*Alveolar
59
Med term for onset of breast development?
Thelarche
60
Med term for appearance of pubic and axillary hair?
Pubarche
61
Med term for first menstrual period?
*Menarche
62
Ovulation ussually begins one year after?
*first menstrual period (menarche)
63
Med term for cessation of menstrual cycles?
Menopause
64
What is Thelarche?
*onset of breast development (first sign of puberty)
65
What is Pubarche?
*appearance of pubic and axillary hair
66
What is menarche?
*first menstrual period (ovulation often begins one year later)
67
What is menopause?
*cessation of menstrual cycles
68
When does menopause ussually happen?
45-55 yrs
69
What is Oogenesis?
*production of female gametes called ova (takes years to complete)
70
Spermatogenesis results in? error rate?
*4 viable sperm
*3-4% error rate
*3-4% error rate
71
Oogenesis results in? error rate?
1 viable ovum, 2-3 polar bodies, 20%
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