Urban Planning and Geography: Bellingen and Singapore

promotes employment growth, greater housing diversity and affordability, new job opportunities, identify infrastructure and improvements that can make areas more attractive for investment

up to 40 affordable homes built in two locations for older women, $10 million project funded by state and federal governments

focus on connected, sustainable and creative vision for balanced and sustainable tourism. Involves broadening visitor expereinces, enhancing visitor assets and promoting the creative industry

draining and washing canoes and water equipment, cleaning footwear, vehicles and gear

mid north coast NSW, 30kms from Coffs Harbour

high flood occurrences, timber to dairy to tourism era, orographic rainfall, subtropical climate with heavy rainfall

6.21 mill population, 8000 people per sq km, 47% green space, previously poor fishing village, flat terrain, tropical climate, dense urban environment, multicultural society

PRAGMATISM VIEW, first targeted housing (70%), public housing with ethnic quotas, decetralised governance

1968 - Keep Singapore Clean Campaign (public waste collection, modern toilets and fines)
1972 - Tree Planting Day (as many trees as people in a decade)
1819 - Britain established trading post
1966 - land acquisition act (governmnet acquired, cleared and redeveloped land for public use)
1960 - Housing Development Board (public housing addressed slum clearance)
1971 - Concept Plan (introduced decentralisation with high denistion houisng in small regional areas

1. world calss infrastructure and public services
2. Unique saving system - save 25% of salary
3. investment in education - technical skills and practical knowledge (97.6% literacy rate)
Resulted in opposition squashed, economically prosperous and highly educated country

17% of land dedicated to commerce and industry, 13% for transport infrastructure, 3% for utilities and rest to compete

diversity sources of important food to minimise vulnerability, raise locally produced food supply by 2030 known as 30 by 30 target, ensouce food producers to establish overseas and export produce back for land and farm labout shortages

1. local catchment - 17 reservoirs, 2/3 land dual purposed for water catchment areas
2. imported water - malaysia allows Singapore to draw up to 250 million gallons of water per day from Johor river
3. NEWater (reclaimed wastewater)
4. Desalinated water

top 10% earns $33 000 per month, bottom 10% earns $2300 per month

Communal courtyard and shared green commons, small scale application of eco-city thinking, 120 residents across 47 dwellings, operates under Collective Private Commision model (participatory governance and community-led planning), open urban form, passive design ,high-performance insulation, heat pumps and solar panels

smart growth strategies and land use planning policies aim to decrease car dependence and protect green spaces, demolition of a 6 lane motoway to a aterfront park, MAX light rail spans over 50 miles, aim to reduce carbon emission per capita to 90% below 1990 levels by 2050

Everglades: C (Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project), P (python challengeounty hunting), R (RAMSAR and world Heritage Listing)
Okavango: C (Cubango-Okavango River Basin Fund, P (Permanent Okavango River Basin Water Commission (OKACOM)), R (RAMSAR and WOrld Heritage listing)

rEndorheic basin (drainage basin with no outflow), 28 000 km2, 2.56 million people

6 million km2, Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reef, Fisheries and Food Security, multiple international organisations, south East Asia, 600 types of coral and 2000 species of fish, 17x larger than GBR