Antibiotics- Side Effects/Contradictions
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1
What is MOA of Beta-Lactams?
Inhibits cell wall syntehsis
2
What is the MOA of Glycopeptides- Vancomycin?
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
3
What is the MOA of Daptomycin?
Pokes hol in cell membrane, depolarizaing it and inhibiting Protiene/DNA/RNA synthesis
4
What is the MOA of Linezolid, Lincosamides, Macrolides?
It binds to 50s ribosomal subunit inhibiting prtein synthesis
5
What is the MOA of Sulfanomides?
Inhibits folic acid synthesis
6
What is the MOA of Fluoroquinolones?
Inhibits DNA replication
7
What is the MOA of Tetracyclines, Tegacyline, Aminoglycosides?
It binds to the 30s ribosomal subunit inhibiting protein syntheis
8
What is the MOA of Metronidazole?
inhibits protein synthesis
9
What is the MOA of Amphotericin?
bidn to ergosterol and which form hole and leads to cel leakage
10
What is the MOA of Azoles?
Inhibits ergosterol synthesis
11
What antibiootics should you not given during pregnancy
Sulfonamides - due to inhibiting folica acid
Fluoroquinolones - due to binding to calium and depositing in bone
Tetracyclines- due to binding to calium and depositing in bone
Fluoroquinolones - due to binding to calium and depositing in bone
Tetracyclines- due to binding to calium and depositing in bone
12
What is MOA of echinocandins
Inhibits 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase,
which leads to cell wall lysis
which leads to cell wall lysis
13
Major side effects with penicillins?
Possible allergic rxn
14
Why should imipenem not be given to peds?
Reduces siezure threshold in peds
15
Who should ceftriaxone not be given to?
Infants under 30 days old
16
Cefidericol gets into bacteria what interesting way?
Binding to iron and going through the bac's iron transport chain
17
What medications can you not give if patient is taking antacids, iron, or calcium supplements?
Tetracyclines and Fluoroquinolones - Due to them being chelate cations and can interfere with the abosroption med
18
Whaet antibiotics should you not give to children under 8 yrs ?
Tetracyclines and Fluoroquinolones - Due to them causing possible bone deformation from binding to calcium and depositing in bone
19
What antibiotics cause QT prolongation?
Macrolides
Fluoroquinolones
Azoles
Fluoroquinolones
Azoles
20
Mamjor Side effects pf Vancomycin?
"Red Man" syndrom - Flushing of skin
Ear and Renal Toxicity
Thrombocytopenia
Ear and Renal Toxicity
Thrombocytopenia
21
Major side effect of Daptomycin?
Myalgia (muscle pain/tenderness)
22
Why should you not give Daptomycin for a lung infection?
Because lung surfactant will inactivate it
23
Major side effect of Linezolid?
Serotonin syndrome (interferes with psych meds)and Thrombocytopenia
24
Major side affect of licosamides?
C dif. overgrowth
25
Major side effect of Metronidazole?
Metalic tastes and disulfuram (drunkeness faster)
26
What is a major side effect from vorcanazole?
visual disturbance
27
Nitrofuritoin UTI med should be given only if GRF is?
>60GFR meaning good kidney function
28
Major Rxn from Echinocandins?
Histamine rxn
29
Amphotericin is called Ampho"terrible" why?
Toxic to eveyrthing
Liver, kidney and toxic to body (electrolyte abnormalities)
Liver, kidney and toxic to body (electrolyte abnormalities)
30
Azoles is toxic to what?
Liver
31
Major side effect of erythromycin?
Severe GI upset and why its now used for Gi motility
32
What side effect does both aminoglyosides and vancomycon both have?
Ear and renal toxicity
33
Which meds are not excreted renally?
Narrow Spectrum Penicillins "NOD"
Ceftriaxone
Fluoroquinolones
Ceftriaxone
Fluoroquinolones
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