1what is the mm pump enclosed in
pericardium
2what does the pericardium enclose?
mm pump
3what is the heart size related to
body size
4what part of the body is the heart equivalent to?
clenched fist
5where is the heart located?
behind lower half of STERNUM
6the heart is located ____ lower half of _____
BEHIND lower half of STERNUM
7heart is rotated to the _______
LEFT
8what ventricle do we see more of?
right ventricle
bc its rotated to the left
9when breathing in the diaphragm goes ____
down
10when inhaling how does the heart move??
descends and rotates to the RIGHT
11when does the heart descend and rotate right?
inhaling
12when does the diaphragm contract? inspiration or expiration
inspiration
13pt presents with right lung atelectasis. Which way does the heart move?
rotates towards the Right
14atelectasis.. shifts heart to _____ side as pathology
SAME
15which way does the heart shift with atelectasis???
SAME side as pathology
16Which was does the heart shift in pneumothorax?
AWAY
17patient presents with left pneumothorax.. which way do we suspect the heart has shifted??
TOWARDS the right!!!
18what are the three layers of the heart?
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
19which layer of the heart is visceral and has lots of fat?
epicardium
20which layer of the heart contains coronary blood vessels that nourish the heart?
epicardium
which is thicker?
21ventricle walls or atrial walls?
ventricle!!!
which is thicker?
22Right or left ventricle
LEFTTTTT
23which layer is the smooth interior of the heart?
endocardium
which does more work?
24ventricles or atria?
ventricles!!! thats why they have thicker walls
25what are the two different types of valves?
atrioventricular and semilunar
26what valve is between the LEFT atrium and LEFT ventricle?
mitral (bicuspid) valve
27what valve is between the RIGHT atrium and RIGHT ventricle
tricuspid valve!! tryyyy to get it right
28what is the mitral (bicuspid) valve between?
left atrium and left ventricle
29what is the tricuspid valve between?
right atrium and right ventricle
30what does the AV valve depend on?
HIGH to LOW pressure gradient
31the AV valve depends on a LOW to HIGH pressure gradient (T/F?)
FALSEEEE it depends on a HIGH to LOW pressure gradient
32what happens to valves during diastole????
PASSIVE!!!!!! filling of blood from atria to ventricles
33during diastole, the AV valves are involved in _____ filling of blood from ______ to ______
PASSIVE filling of blood from ATRIA to VENTRICLES
34what's the location of the chordae tendineae?
VENTRICULAR surface of cusps
35what is located on the ventricular surface of cusps?????
the chordae tendineae
36do chordae tendineae increase or decreased blood flow??
increase it!!! results in increased contraction
37contraction of ventricles (_____) push ______ semilunar valves
SYSTOLE
OPEN
38____ of ventricles (SYSTOLE) push OPEN _______ valves
CONTRACTION
SEMILUNAR
39what does contraction of ventricles (SYSTOLE) cause in the semilunar valves ?
Contraction of ventricles (systole) push open semilunar valves
40what does stenosis limit?
blood flow
41what is prolapse of AV Valves??
leaky valve.. blood goes from ventricles BACK INTO atrium
42What is regurgitation of AV Valves?
blood flowing backwardsp
43can you hear retrograde flow with auscultation?
yes ma'am
44what is retrograde flow?
back flow of blood from ventricles to atria (can be heard with auscultation)
45what is between the R ventricle and pulmonary artery?
pulmonary valve
46what is between the left ventricle and aorta?
aortic valve
47what is the pulmonary valve between?
right ventricle and pulmonary artery
48what is the aortic valve between?
left ventricle and aorta
49what are semilunar valves dependent on?
pressure gradients!!!!!
50whats thicker??? aortic cusps or pulmonary cusps????
AORTICCCC bc they have a lot of ****ing work to do
51each semilunar valve has _______ cusps
3 fibrosis cusps m
52what's the difference between semilunar valves and AV valves???
outflow of Semilunar valve CANNOT be everted into ventricles!!!!!!
53pulmonary valve supplies _____ circulation
PULMONARYYYYYYY
54aortic valve supplies _____ circulation
SYSTEMICCCCCCC
55semilunar valves: increased ventricular pressure (systole) forces cusps to ___
OPENNNNN
56what forces semilunar valve cusps to open????
increased ventricular pressure (systole)
57what do the semilunar valve cusps open to support?
blood filling ventricles (diastole)
58what is the right atrium supplied by?
vena cava
59where is the house of SA node???
posterior wall of Right atrium
60what is in the posterior wall of the right atrium????
SA node
61what is in the floor above the tricuspid valve????
house of AV node
62where is the house of AV node???
in the floor above tricuspid valve
63what atrium receives deoxygenated blood???
right atrium
64what type of blood does the right atrium receive?
deoxygenated :)
65what does the left atrium receive?
oxygenated blood thats returning from lungs via pulmonary veinssss
66where does oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins and lungs go?
left atriumn
67where does the left atrium empty blood into?
left ventricle via mitral valve
68where does the right ventricle pump blood?
through PULMONARY circulation!!!
69what is pulmonary artery pressure???
20/10 mmHg
70what is low pressure of right ventricle???
20 mmHg
71the right ventricle works _____ of the left ventricle
1/6th
72where does the left ventricle pump blood through?
systemic circulation
73what is systemic pressure (Lventricle)
120/80 mmHg
74what is high pressure of left ventricle
70-120 mmHg
75what ventricle is the PRIMARY ISSUE ASSOCIATED WITH HEART DISEASE!?!?!!?
Left ventricle