Yu Contemporary Prelim

The process through which nations, businesses, and individuals become increasingly connected and interdependent across national boundaries.

The concept where nations are linked, compared to when they structurally rely on one another.

The ancient trade route that connected Asia, Europe, and Africa during the early phase of globalization.

Improved manufacturing and transportation like steamships and railways facilitated early global connections during this period.

A digital economy, e-commerce, instant communication, and global cooperation on shared crises characterize this era.

The integration of national economies through international trade, foreign direct investments, and global supply chains.

Sovereignty concerns and the unequal influence of wealthier nations represent this type of challenge for individual nations.

The process where local traditions are diluted and absorbed into a uniform global culture.

The systemic gap and unequal access to technology and information between different regions or populations.

The two primary economic pillars of globalization within the Philippines.

The departure of highly educated or skilled professionals to seek better-paying jobs abroad.

The reduction or removal of tariffs and trade barriers to encourage international commerce.

A historical process of increasing interaction among people, societies, and governments across national boundaries.

The time period of Before 1500 CE is associated with this phase of globalization.

The trade route that connected China, Central Asia, the Middle East, and Europe.

Silk, tea, spices, gold, glass, and paper were among the goods traded on this historical route.

Religions (Buddhism, Christianity, Islam), science, and technology were spread alongside goods via this ancient network.

The 15th–17th Century marks this historical period of global connection.

The search for spices and access to wealth was a primary reason for this 15th-century movement.

Ferdinand Magellan, Christopher Columbus, Vasco da Gama, or Bartolomeu Dias are major figures from this era.

The transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia.

Potatoes, corn, tomatoes, and cacao are examples of these.

Animals introduced to the Americas from Europe

The historical event that transformed globalization during the 18th and 19th centuries.

The invention that served as a key technological catalyst for the Industrial Revolution.

Urbanization and labor migration were major social effects of this period.

The period when Modern Globalization significantly accelerated.

The international organization created in 1945 to foster cooperation.

The primary driver of 21st-century Digital Globalization.

Artificial intelligence, social media, and e-commerce are characteristics of this.

The integration of national economies through trade, investment, and global supply chains.

Cooperation among governments to address international concerns like climate change and security.

The dimension of globalization that allows for instant communication across continents.

The global popularity of Korean culture (K-pop) or Japanese anime are examples of this.

The historical trade link that connected Asia, the Americas, and Europe through the Philippines (1565–1815).

The modern industry in the Philippines that is a major product of globalization.

Brain drain and environmental pressures are major challenges of globalization for this country.

The processes, institutions, laws, agreements, and organizations that facilitate cooperation among states and non-state actors in managing global issues.

A system that relies on collaboration, international law, and shared decision-making rather than a single central authority.

Cooperation among sovereign states, shared responsibility, rule-based decision-making, and respect for international law are key characteristics of this.

Global challenges (climate change, pandemics, terrorism) cross national borders and cannot be solved by individual states alone

An early example of international cooperation established in 1815.

The organization created after World War I to prevent future wars but which faced significant limitations.

The major institutions created after World War II to promote peace and economic stability.

Promoting international peace and security, protecting human rights, coordinating humanitarian assistance, and supporting sustainable development.

The global institution that provides financial assistance to countries experiencing economic crises.

The global institution that focuses on reducing poverty, financing infrastructure projects, and improving healthcare.

Regulating international trade, resolving trade disputes, reducing trade barriers, and promoting fair competition.

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), European Union (EU), African Union (AU), and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) are examples of these.

Promoting economic growth, facilitating international trade, encouraging investment, reducing poverty, and maintaining financial stability.

The reduction of tariffs, quotas, and other trade barriers to encourage international commerce.

Increased competition for local industries, dependence on imports, and risk of unemployment in uncompetitive sectors.

When foreign companies invest in businesses or industries in another country.

Profit repatriation, dependence on foreign capital, environmental concerns, and market dominance by multinational corporations.

Grants, loans, and technical support provided to developing countries for areas like education, healthcare, and agriculture.

Strengthening regional trade, tourism, education, and labor mobility is how the Philippines benefits from this organization.

The issue where powerful countries often have greater influence over international decision-making.

The challenge arising when countries resist international agreements because they believe it limits their independence.

The framework that provides shared goals for addressing poverty, environmental protection, health, and inclusive economic growth.