1Menstrual Phase:
Days 1-4
2Postmenstrual, Preovulatory Phase:
Days 5-12
4Secretory Phase:
Days 15 to 20
5Premenstrual, Luteal Phase:
Days 21 to 28
6Obstetric history G_TPAL
•G = Gravidity total of pregnancies regardless of outcome
•T = of term pregnancies
•P = of preterm pregnancies (>20 weeks)
•A = of abortions (spontaneous and induced <20 weeks)
•L = of living children
7Normal nulliparous cervix has ______ squamous epithelium that is _______ in consistency. The os is ___________ . A small area of ectropion is visible ________ to the os
- Pink
- uniform in consistency. The os is small and round. A small area of ectropion is visible inferior to the os
8Positive signs of pregnancy: FETUS
Fetal movements felt by provider
Electronic device detects fetal heart sounds (Doppler)
The delivery of the baby
Ultrasound detects the fetus
See visible movement of the baby by provider
9The labia minora join posteriorly as two ridges that fuse to form the
fourchette
10Characteristics of Cervical polyps.......' they usually protrude from the....
- Bright red, soft, and fragile
- They usually protrude from the endocervical canal.
11Bartholin glands
- located posteriorly on each side of the vaginal orifice
- secrete mucus into the introitus for lubrication during sexual stimulation
12Between puberty and menopause, the vaginal mucosa should appear
transversely rugated; after menopause, it loses its rugation
13The adnexa of the uterus are composed of the
The fallopian tubes and ovaries
14Chadwick sign
Bluish color to the cervix during pregnancy
15Goodell sign
an increase in vascularity and softening of the cervix during pregnancy
16McDonald sign
fundal flexing on the cervix
17Of the four pelvic joints, the one that moves appreciably later in pregnancy is the
symphysis pubis
18Pregnancy-related cervical changes include
the cervix softens (Goodell sign) and then appears bluish (Chadwick sign)
19Menopause is defined as
1 year without menses
20Systemic effects of menopause include
increased intraabdominal body fat, increased LDL and cholesterol levels, and hot flashes
21Risk Factors of Cervical cancer
Multiple sex partners increase the risk of HPV infection, which is associated with cervical cancer
22Risk factors of ovarian cancer
- the use of oral contraceptives
- early menarche
- menopause after 50 y.o
23Risk factors Endometrial cancer
- Obesity (2-5x more likely)
24 Speculum introduction for cytologic studies should be facilitated by
- lubrication with warm water; gel interferes with the studies
25When collecting specimens, which sample should be obtained first?
- Pap smear
- Pap smear results are affected by the presence of blood, and vaginal infections result in more friable tissues
26The presence of a fishy odor after adding potassium hydroxide to a wet mount slide containing vaginal mucus suggests
- bacterial vaginosis
- This is a positive whiff test
27The bimanual examination consists of assessing the
cervix, uterus, adnexa, and ovaries
28The most common cause of a foul vaginal discharge in children is a(n)
foreign body
29To inspect the vaginal vault in a 3 y.o , you should first
- pull the labia forward and slightly to the side
- Applying anterior labial traction allows the hymenal opening and the interior of the vagina to become visible, almost to the cervix
30A straddle injury from a bicycle seat is usually evident
over the symphysis pubis
31 injuries resulting from sexual molestation are generally apparent
more posterior and may involve the perineum grossly
32The test for sphincter tone is to have the woman
- squeeze the vaginal opening (introitus) around your finger
33A rectocele can be seen as
a bulge on the posterior wall
34Endometriosis is suggested with
tender nodules along the uterosacral ligaments
35Herpes simplex lesions are
painful, itchy, small red vesicles
36Condyloma acuminatum are
warty lesions on the genitalia
37condyloma latum are secondary syphilis lesions that appear as
flat, round, or oval papules covered by a gray exudate
38Symptoms of a tubal pregnancy
- suprapubic abdominal pain, afebrile with rebound tenderness to the right side, pain with cervical motion, painful mass over the left adnexal area
- Surgical emergency