1synovial joint
- freely movable
- bursae in spaces to promote ease of movement
2The cervical vertebrae are the most ___
- Mobile
- Flexion and extension occur between the skull and C1
- rotation occurs between C1 and C2
3Anterior cruciate ligament
protects the knee from hyperextension
4Bone growth is completed at about age ____
Peak bone mass is not achieved until _____
- 20
- 35
5Decreased estrogen effects
-increases bone resorption
- decreases calcium deposition
6kyphosis
over curvature of the thoracic vertebrae
7Fasciculation
- muscle twitching
- occurs after injury to a muscle's motor neuron
8Crepitus
- grating sound
- When irregular bony surfaces or broken bones rub together
- with the movement of a tendon inside the tendon sheath when tenosynovitis is present
9Deviation of the fingers to the ulnar side and swan neck or boutonnière deformities of the fingers usually indicates
Characteristics of RA
10Palpate the interphalangeal joints with your ____ and metacarpophalangeal joints with your ____
- Thumb and index finger
- Both thumbs
11Heberden nodes
Bony overgrowth along the distal interphalangeal joints
- 2-3 mm
osteoarthritis
12Bouchard's nodes
bony overgrowth along the proximal interphalangeal joints
osteoarthritis
13Suspect epicondylitis or tendonitis when a point tenderness exists at
the lateral epicondyle or along the grooves of the olecranon process and epicondyles in addition to increased pain with pronation and supination of the elbow
14The angle between the femur and tibia is expected to be less than
15 degrees
15Hallux valgus
lateral deviation of the great toe, which may cause overlapping with the second toe
16Neer test
- Increased shoulder pain is associated with rotator cuff inflammation or a tear
17Hawkins-Kennedy test
- increased shoulder pain is associated with rotator cuff inflammation or a possible tear
18Thomas test
- To detect flexion contractures of the hip that may be masked by excessive lumbar lordosis
19Trendelenburg Sign
- to detect weak hip abductor muscles
20Bulge sign
- to determine the presence of excess fluid in the knee
21Mcmurray test
- to detect a TORN MENISCUS
- Any palpable or audible click, pain, or limited extension of the knee is a positive sign of a torn medial meniscus
- A palpable or audible click, pain, or lack of extension is a positive sign of a torn lateral meniscus
22Drawer test
identify instability of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments
24For most people, there should be no more than a ___ cm discrepancy in length and circumference between matching extremities
1 cm
* athletes may have more with dominant extremity
25infant should be able to lift the head and trunk from the prone position when?
2 MO
26Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers
to detect hip dislocation or subluxation should be performed each time you examine the infant during the first year of life
27By 3 months of age, muscles and ligaments tighten, and limited abduction of the hips becomes the most reliable sign of
hip subluxation or dislocation
28Allis sign
also used to detect hip dislocation or a shortened femur
29Gower sign
- due to weakness in the pelvis, hips, and thighs.
30Ankylosing Spondylitis
chronic inflammation of the spine
31Active ROM and passive ROM should be equal in?
contralateral joints.