LECTURE 1

consists of oscillating electric ad magnetic fields that are perpendicular to each other

-distance between identical points on successive waves

- number of waves that pass through a particular point in one second
-1 cycle/s

the vertical distance from the midline of a wave to the peak or trough

when heated allobjects Em radiation whose wavelegth and color depends on the temperature of the object

energy is emitted from a heated body only in discrete little packets

smallest amount of energy that can be emitted or absorbed in the form of EMR

-phenomenon in which electron sare ejected from the surface of certain metals exposed to light

electrons can only be ejected from the surface of the metal if the energy of the incident light is greater than the threshold frequency

defines the energy level and the position of the electron

wave-like properties of matter

it is impossible to know both the momentum and the position of a particle with certainty

uses wave function to describe the energy of e-

the allowed energy states of atoms and molecules can be described by sets of number

region of space where the electron is most likely be found

determines the energy of an interval

describes the shape of an orbital

-describes the orientation of orbitals in space
-designates a specific orbital within a subshell
- also indicate the number of degenerate orbitals

orbitals of the same energy

accounts for two possible spinning motion of electrons in an orbital

lowest energy arrangement of the electrons around the atom

electrons occupy the available orbitals in order of increasing energy.

all degenerate orbitals in given subshll are singly occupied by electrons before pairing begins

no two electron in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers

-have the same number of electron
-same ground-state electron configuration

-the "positive charge"felt by an electron
-higher value, stronger attraction of the outermost electron to the nucleus

theenergy change that occurs when an electron is added to a gaseous atom (or atom)

- tendency of an atom to attract an additional electron
- measured by EA