HP252 test 2 part 2

not alot of new abilites but will now more compontent on performing skills more detials in skills they already know
gross motor-smoother, more coordinated
fine motor-improved and fineturned
hands used as tools- tying shoes and fastening clothes
10-12 years- manipulative skills similar to adults

-increased ability to understand complex emotions
-increased understanding of multiple emotions in single situation
-increased ability to suppress or conceal negative emotional reactions
-use of self-initiated straegies for redirected feelings

involved thoughout about scoial matters
peer relations
children need to follow to get other children to be their friends
need to understand environement and culture and the role it plays in to development (comfort fod can also show social congition as what you gravtive towards can have a culture for famial aspect

at this age kids learning and mastering how to do this
-encode social cues
-interpret social cues
-search for response
-select an optimal response
-enact appropriate response

18.5% of children 6-19 are obese
tripled for children and adolescents in last 20 years
BMI greater 95th percentile (gender and age growth charts)

70% chance of overwieght in adulthood
risk of heart diseases and high cholesterol
type 2 diabetes increased dramatically
some form of cancer
social consequences (getting bullied)

school lunches
decreased physical education programs
less time and less places for kids to play
62% of children ages 9-13 don't participate in activity in non-school hour
23% don't engage in any free time physical acivity
D grade in sedentary behaviors

new role as student \new relationships, new groups, new standards for judging themselves
engering concern: early schooling preceeds mainly on the basis of negative feedback

50% leanring disability
21% speech or language impairments
12% intellectual disability
9% serious emotional disturbance
have difficulties in at least one academic area and usually several

evualtion, eligibility determination, apporiate education, IEP and the least restricitve environment
written statement that spells out a programs specifically tailored for the tudent with a disability
should be related to the child's learning capacity and specically contructed to meet the child's individual needs

IDEA mandated that a child with a disbility must be educated in a setting as similar as possible to that of child without disbaility
inclusion= educating children with a disability in the regular classroom
mainstreaming= education children with a disability partially in a special education classroom and partially in a regular classroom (mixed)
intergration= new term for inclusion and mainstreaming and uses a spectrum

growth spurt- occurs 2 years earlier in girls than boys
change in apperance

levels of neurotransmitters increase (dopamine)
prefrontal cortex only finishes maturing at 18-25
adolescents expirnces could also stimulate brain changes (as you have new expirences in different aspects of your life your brain grows and develops from that too)

strkining changes in timing of menarche in past 150 years
with less malnurtiton could lead to this
higher BMI
social stress
chemical exposure could be one as well

delayed release of melatonin in older adolescents
recommended 8.5 to 9.5 hours of sleep on school nights
things like screen time and caffine could lead to less sleep
trying to change that by adjusting school sart time

unintentional injuries(48%)- 73% of that is motor accidents
suicide (11%)
homicide (13%)

general decline in drug and alcohol use in the past 50 years
but US still has one of the highest rates in developed countries
driving under the influence still a big problem

piaget's theory- formal operational stage (around age 11) metacongitive abilites thinking about thoughts
hypothetical-deductive reasoning (testing a hypothesis)
executive function

little self-centered and self-consious
-imaginary audience (others are watching you, aligned with attention getting behavior)
-personal fable ( idea that you are the first person in the whole world to have this problem so no one understands you)
-influneces of scoia media has tied in with the other 2 ideas linked to higher egocentrism

erickson
5th stage idenity vs indenity confusion

-parenting
access or rescrition to social media
gender and culture differnce regarding autonomy
-parent conflict
helps teen figure out what they want, work on their congitive and verbal kills
-sibling realtions
predicts relationships later in life

quality of friendships matter
peer groups and indentity as you change identity you change groups
chnages in social media usage
-more frequent and immediate expirence
-amplifies experiences, demands, and expectations for friendhsips maintence and access
-alters qualitive aspects of relationship
-can change distance limits on friendship
-public feedback

focus on postive outcomes
pro-active
target is all youth
community response
youth as active participants
aim to uplift youth and privde youth with networks od suportive adults
develop and enhacne postive charaterisitics of individuals and their surrounding context