chapter 5 :Russian civil war

workers and manager obstructed Bolsheviks Lenin counterd with return to labor discipline and one person management
severe relations other ideology

chance of civil war
harsh conditions of peace with Germany(loss of territory)
Trotsky held out negotiations hoping for Rev Germany and Austria.

lost 26% of railway line
lost 74% of iron ores
lost 27% lg Farmland
Estonia, lativa, Lithonia = independent republic

the reds-bolsheviks-hated by peasants
whites -seniors officers in tsarist army
greens -peasant armies, want to protect own areas from ravages

scattered and not centered
co ordination issues
divided
lack resources,haze of cocaine

Bolsheviks had central area
industrial resources
unified front
Trosky led with charisma
propaganda presents themsel powerful
had more soldiers

1) grain requisitioning -surplus grain gets shared
ban of private trade, food priority-smallest to middle clase
nationalisation of industry
labor discipline -fines

shortage of raw materials
shortages of goods led inflation prices high
food riots worsened Early 1918
workers fled to country side
officials killed in uprising by workers

Lenin wanted squeeze counter revolution
wanted more control center system
kept soliders fed, support stayed strong

1)-Transport system point of total collapse ,grain production low
Factories=lack materials=ceased production
-Famine ,diesease and revoults
-1921 bread ration cut by 1/3
2)Control steel coal from gov factories,Special troops give out food as normal soilders will not fire crowds

1)Urban workers angry about food shortagfes,militarised factories
2)Workers could be imprisoned or shot if targets not reached,unions state run to keep workers under control

1)March 1921,Mutined in hope of starting general revolt against bolsheviks,end to terror,dictatorship,grain requisioning one party rule
2)Send disorder to labour camps

1)Hostility of peasents to grain requestion erupted in series of revoults whihc engulfed countryside
Alexander Antov 1920-21.poor harvest in 1920 left peasents with almost no reserve of grain.Almost no reservers
118 seperate risings througout feb 1921

Disagree with trotsky plans
2)Banned faction in party ,democratic centralily ,revival in support

1)1921
2)1928

couldn't continue war communism
abolish grain requisitioning
had sell fix amount to state
sell surplus on open market, private trading and money back
lift of private trade -resented -goods flow better
rationing abolished
state control large scale industries
not bail out businesses if fail
small businesses reopen

1922: food in markets in cites and brisk trade.Shops,cafes and restaurants open
1923:cereal production increased by 23% compared with 1920
23:Made rapid recovery small scale enterpise respond quick
20-23: factory increased output by 200%
1924:Larger scale industry took longer to recover but recovery was underway
1926: Industry made stready progress reaching production levels bedore ww1
-Peasents did well
-Gtreat deal of trade between trade and villages
-Farm without fov interference

1921:220,000 membeers purged or left party
1923:Scissors crisis price of industral goods rose becasue still in short supply-peasents reluctant to supply found
1923: Nepman handled 3/4 of retail trade
1927:Exports at 33% inports 38% of 1913 levels due to declining grain exports
Deals made ,corruption was rifle and rewards were high -Bribed officals

1)1917
2)1918

1)abolished private ownership of Land "entire people" belong to
Recognised workers "control" over own factory
private markets remain important features of economic life
veshenka est(Council for state industry)

Put veshenka in place to be responsible for inudstry
improve of last system

Workers failed organise factories effciently and output shrank
provided unsustainable pay rises
lack skills needed for management
high inflation,peasents hoarded food
petrograd living on 50 grams of bread a day by feb 1918