PSC 100 Exam 1

we tend to group areas with similar texture qualities in order to differentiate objects

weak signals will likely be enough to trigger only a well-primed detector

shading produces a sense of depth

awareness and understanding of one's own though process

auditory sensation

we tend to group objects that appear to be moving in the same direction a the same speed

controls social skills and motor movements

shape, size, color, and brightness

tasks where participants examine a display and say whether a particular object is present

located at the top back of the brain, responsible for somatosensory information (touch, pressure, tempurature) and the body's orientation in space

basic shapes that can be configured into any three dimensional object

detects pairs of letters

the view that psychology should strive to study the whole

we perceive sensory information certain ways because of our experiences

left hemisphere controls right functions, right controls left functions

the performance and time cost of rapidly switching between subjects

reflexes automatically produce an outcoem that is not learned

amygdala and hippocampus

processes visual sensations

located in the back of the brain, resposible for visual processing

organization of information

input, storage, and transformation

different brain areas working at the same time

reason backwords from observations to determine the cause

ability to see the world in 3D and detect distance

cells detect the specific direction of motion that has been stimulated

processing information based on prior knowledge and experiences

the idea that skills are maleable and not fixed

the framework which humans fit their experiences within

an AP will always fire at the same magnitude

the idea that we have a designated amount of attention and tasks compete for our attention

a device that presents stimuli for a precise amount of time

outer surface of the forebrain

PET scan and fMRI

thick bundle of fibers that carry info between hemispheres

largest commissure between the hemispheres

smaller objects are farther away, bigger objects are closer

the belief that observation, experimentation, and evidence equal knowledge

information flows bottom-up, top-down, and within the same levels

precise eye movement, regulating pain, and auditory information from ears to forebrain

the whole is more than the sum of its parts

closer objects appear to move faster than distant objects when a viewer is in motion

using rewards/punishments to train voluntary behavior

fast, used primarily in medical settings, radiation

arrival point for signals

how closely a letter sequence conforms to the typical pattern of spelling in the language

emotional processing and threat detection

tracer fluid is watched to see where the majority of the energy (glucose) is going

holds the nucleus and cellular machinery

individual training

located at the front of the brain, responsible for executive functions (planning, personality, and muscle movement)

we tend to perceive lines and patterns as smooth, continuous paths rather than seperate lines

measures blood/oxygen levels

detectors that are fired more frequently will have higher activation levels

rapidly switching between subjects (multitasking)

produces temporary lesions in order to study the effect of damage to small areas of the brain

selecting, organizing, and interpreting info from our senses

largest section of the hindbrain

transmits signals to other neurons

thalamus, limbic system, and hypothalamus

the activation of one detector decreases the activation level of another

skin sensations

apraxia, agnosia, unilateral neglect syndrome, and aphasia

specific damage to brain tissue

we tend to perceive complex things in the most simple and concise ways

observing and recording your own thoughts and experiences

we organize information in the most simple, concise, and complete way as possible

connections that allow one detector to activate their neighbor

objects that are closer appear in more detail, objects that are farther away apear smoother

conservasion of raw energy into neural signals

color sensitive photoreceptor, cannot function in low light levels

it's easier to perceive and recognize levels in context than if they appear in isolation

each eye views a slightly different angle of an object

patient believes that their loved one has been swapped for an identical imposter

can identify an object's features, but cannot correctly identify the whole object

structural (shallow), phenomic (deeper), semantic (deepest)

letters or symbols that are shown after stimuli to interrupt continued processing

focuses on observing behavior and stimuli, not mental events

study that observes the participant's behavior with little interfence

the idea that we have a set of skills that cannot be changed or improved with learning

elements close to one another tend to be perceived as a unit

identifying common things

located by the temples, responsible for processing auditory information and language comprehension

our perception seperates a figure from its background

lines that appear to converge tend to make us perceive depth

recognizing an object/face in its entirety instead of focusing on the specific aspects

one half of vision is completely ignored

broad rhythms (sleep stages) and event related potentials.

a mode of representation in which information is encoded in a small number of identifiable nodes

absorbing raw energy through our sensory organs

participants are tasked with recording their answers

sensory receptors change their sensitivity to the stimulus

the bias to recognize primed words can result in error

depth cues available to either eye individually

learning and memory

objects that are higher are perceived to be farther, objects that are lower are perceived to be closer

the tendency for unskilled individuals to overestimate their own abilities

we group things by similarity (shape) even if they're different colors or sizes

one input or cue prepares a person for an upcoming input or cue

severed corpus collosum

recording of electrical communication within neurons

applies the feature net model to recognition of 3D objects

mistaking being familiar with a subject as mastery

receive signals from other neurons

in the back of the brain at the top of the spinal cord

the brain is divided into roughly symmetrical left and right hemispheres

randomly assign participants to either group

concentration of mental energy to process incoming information

category training, exposure training (control), and individual training

language

controls behavior that serve specific biological needs, like eating

MRI and CAT scans

the belief that intellectual and deductive reasoning equal knowledge

sensory relay station

pattern of apparent movement of objects across the retina as you move through a scene

magnetic fieds, radio waves, high resolution

knowledge is not locally respresented, feature nets contain distributed knowledge

overlapping shows us what object is closer/farther

we are more likely to recognize stimuli if it is repeated

eyes turn inwards as objects move closer to assist with judging distance

detectors that have fired recently will have higher activation levels

accuracy is sacrificed for efficiency

intense study of an indivual

feature detectors, bigram detectors, letter detectors

we tend to fill in missing parts, even if the images are incomplete

departure point for signals

can see an object but cannot link that input to visual knowledge

the inability to recognize familiar faces

perception starting with raw data

participants are assigned to all tested groups

color-blind photoreceptors, sensitive to low light levels

they lack the emotional processing when they see a loved one, so they have the memory but no emotional connection