MIDTERM 1

What term refers to a method used to collect, organize, analyze, and interpret data?

What term refers to a method used to summarize data, only what is observed?

What term refers to a method used to infer on a population based on a sample?

What term refers to the group you want info from?

What term refers to a subset of the population in a study?

What term refers to a numerical value describing the population?

What term refers to a numerical value describing a sample?

What term refers to a characteristic that takes on different values?

What term refers to a variable presumed to influence another variable?

What term refers to a variable presumed to be affected by the independent variable?

What level of measurement involves only categories, no order?

What level of measurement involved categories with meaningful order but no numerical value?

What level of measurement involves quantitative variables measured at equal intervals?

What term refers to the number of times a value occurs?

What term refers to a proportion of cases in a category multiplied by 100?

What term refers to a decimal between 0 and 1?

What term refers to a graph that displays frequencies of categories with bars, used for nominal and ordinal data?

What term refers to a circle-shaped graph divided into parts showing proportions?

What term refers to a graph of numerical data with adjacent, continuous touching bars, used for interval-ratio data?

What term refers to a graph showing change over time?

What term refers to the sum of all values divided by the number of values? (Used when data not skewed)

Formula for mean?

What term refers to the middle score in an ordered distribution?

What term refers to a value that occurs most frequently?

When outliers are present, which measure should be used?

What term refers to a distribution where the mean is larger than the median?

What term refers to a distribution where the mean is less than the median?

What term refers to a distribution where the mean, median, and mode are all equall?

What term refers to the difference between the highest and lowest scores?

What term refers to the division of ordered data into four parts?

Which percentile is Q1?

Which percentile is Q3?

Which percentile is Q2?

What term refers to the difference between Q3 and Q1, the spread of the middle 50% of values?

What term refers to the typical distance of scores from the mean?

What term refers to a symmetrical, bell-shaped distribution in which most scores cluster around the mean?

How many SDs from the mean is 68% of scores?

How many SDs from the mean is 95%?

How many SDs from the mean is 99.7%?

What term refers to a standardized score indicating how many standard deviations a value is from the mean?

If Z is +, where is it?

If Z is negative, where is it?

Formula for Z?

The higher the z score?

What term refers to a method of sampling where every member has an equal chance of selection?

What term refers to a method of sampling where every certain case after a random starting point is selected?

What term refers to a method of sampling where a population is divided into subgroups, then each group draws their own sample?

What term refers to the likelihood of an event?

What term refers to the difference between a sample statistic and the population parameter?

What term refers to a distribution of a variable for all members of a population?

What term refers to a distribution of a variable for a given sample?

What term refers to the distribution of sample means from all possible samples of a given size?

What term refers to the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean?

Formula for SE?

The more N increases, SE decreases. What’s the estimate?

What term refers to a concept stating that as the sample size increases, the sampling distribution of the mean becomes approximately normal when N is 30 or higher?

What term refers to a single simple statistic used to estimate a population parameter?

What term refers to a range of values where the population parameter is likely to fall?

What term refers to the probability that the interval contains the true population parameter?

What term refers to the radius of the confidence interval, plus or minus Z times standard error?

Formula for CI for sample mean

Which Z score has a confidence level of 90%?

Which Z score has a confidence level of 95%?

Which Z score has a confidence level of 99%?

Which two goals trade off (one less than other)?