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has the task of maintaining homeostasis of visceral activities without conscious effort

autonomic nervous system includes two division:

operates under normal condition

operates under conditions of stress or emergency

in the autonomic motor system, motor pathways include two fibers:

fiber that leaves CNS

fiber that innervates the effector

arise from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord, and synapse in paravertebral ganglia close to the vertebral column

lead to an effector organ

arise from the brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord, and synapse in ganglia close to the effector organ

preganglionic fibers of both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions release _

parasympathetic postganglionic fibers are _ and release acetylcholine

sympathetic postganglionic fibers are _ and release _

the autonomic nervous system is largely controlled by _ in the brain and spinal cord

the limbic system and cerebral cortex alter the reactions of the autonomic nervous system through __