Chapter 3: Appendices

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1
abdominocentesis
the surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid
2
achondroplasia
condition with abnormal, early conversion of cartilage into bone, leading to dwarfism
3
acromegaly
enlargement of head, face, hands, and feet due to excess growth hormone in an adult
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acrophobia
fear of heights
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acute
sharp or intense
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adenoids
mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
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adipose
pertaining to fat
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agoraphobia
fear of open spaces
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amniocentesis
needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis
10
anemia
deficiency of red blood cells
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angiogenesis
formation of new blood vessels
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angiography
x-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material
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angioplasty
surgical repair of a blood vessel
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arteriole
small terminal artery leading into the capillary network
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arteriosclerosis
hardening of the arteries
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arthralgia
pain of a joint
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atrophy
to waste away (from lack of use)
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axillary
pertaining to the armpit
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basophil
white blood cell (leukocyte) that produces histamine
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biopsy
the removal of living tissue from the body for diagnostic examination
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blepharoptosis
drooping of the upper eyelid
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bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchial tubes
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carcinogenesis
development of cancer
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carcinogenic
pertaining to the production of cancer
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cardiac
pertaining to the heart
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cardiomyopathy
disease of the heart muscle
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chemotherapy
treatment of cancer with drugs
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chondromalacia
softening of cartilage
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chronic
continuing for a long time
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colostomy
the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface
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cystocele
hernia of the urinary bladder
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electroencephalogram
record of the electrical activity of the brain
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electroencephalograph
instrument used to record electrical activity of the brain
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electroencephalography
process of recording the electrical activity of the brain
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eosinophil
white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions
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erythrocyte
red blood cell
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erythropenia
an abnormally reduced number of red blood cells
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esophagus
muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach
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hematoma
mass of blood
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hemolysis
destruction of red blood cells
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hemostasis
stoppage of bleeding
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hydronephrosis
accumulation of urine in the kidney because of an obstruction in the ureter
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hydrotherapy
treatment using water
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hypertrophy
excessive growth or development, as of a body part
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inguinal
pertaining to the groin
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ischemia
deficiency of blood in a particular area
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laparoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the abdominal cavity
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laparoscopy
visual examination of the abdominal cavity
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laparotomy
incision into the abdominal cavity
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laryngeal
pertaining to the larynx
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laryngectomy
surgical removal of the larynx
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leukemia
cancer of white blood cells
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leukocyte
white blood cell
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leukocytosis
increase in the number of white blood cells
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lymphocyte
mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies
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mammogram
radiographic image of the breast
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mastectomy
surgical removal of a breast
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metastasis
spread of cancer cells beyond their original site in the body
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monocyte
large white blood cell with a single nucleus
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morphology
study of the structure and form of an organism
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mucoid
resembling mucus
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mucous membrane
mucus-secreting membrane lining all body cavities or passages that communicate with the exterior
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mucus
slimy fluid secreted by the mucous membranes
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myalgia
pain in a muscle
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myelitis
inflammation of the spinal cord
66
myeloma
tumor of the bone marrow
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myoma
benign tumor of muscle
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myosarcoma
malignant tumor of muscle tissue
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necropsy
autopsy or postmortem examination
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necrosis
death of tissue
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necrotic
pertaining to death
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nephrologist
specialist of the kidneys
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nephropathy
disease of the kidney
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neuralgia
pain in a nerve
75
neutropenia
deficiency of neutrophils
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neutrophil
granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow
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ophthalmology
study of the eyes
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osteogenic
pertaining to production within bones
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osteomalacia
softening of a bone
80
otalgia
pain in the ear
81
paracentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen
82
pathogenesis
development of disease
83
pathologic
pertaining to the study of disease
84
pericardium
membranous sac enclosing the heart
85
peritoneal
pertaining to the peritoneum
86
phlebotomy
opening of a vein to diminish the blood supply
87
platelet
small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process
88
pleural
pertaining to the pleura
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pleurodynia
pain in the pleura
90
pneumonia
inflammation of the lungs
91
polymorphonuclear leukocyte
another term for neutrophil, referring to the many segments in its nucleus
92
ptosis
prolapse, downward displacement
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pulmonary
pertaining to the lungs
94
radiographer
one who records x-rays
95
radiotherapy
treatment using radiation
96
rectocele
hernia of the rectum
97
rhinorrhea
discharge from the nose
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splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
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staphylococci
bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters
100
streptococcus
berry-shaped bacterium in twisted chains
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thoracentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
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thrombocyte
blood clotting cell (platelet)
103
thrombocytopenia
low platelet count
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thrombophlebitis
inflammation of a vein associated with a clot formation
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tonsillar
pertaining to the tonsils
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tonsillitis
inflammation of the tonsils
107
tracheostomy
creation of an artificial opening into the trachea
108
tracheotomy
incision into the trachea
109
venule
small vein leading from the capillary network
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