Chapter 5: Appendices

passage of materials through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream

lack of hydrochloric acid in the stomach

building blocks of proteins

enzyme that breaks down starch

surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

terminal end or opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body

surgical removal of the appendix

inflammation of the appendix

small pouch, which has no function in digestion, attached to the cecum

a digestive juice secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder

pertaining to bile

pigment released by the liver in bile

intestine

mucous membrane lining the cheek

pointed, dog-like teeth next to the incisors

pertaining to the cecum

first part of the large intestine

pertaining to the abdomen

a disorder of the lips characterized by crack-like sores at the corners of the mouth

surgical removal of the gallbladder

condition of stones in the common bile duct

new opening between the common bile duct and the jejunum

incision of the common bile duct

presence of gallstones in the gallbladder

large intestine

pertaining to the colon

visual examination of the colon

the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface

carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum

elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the anus

the act of swallowing

pertaining to the teeth and cheek

bone (calcified tissue) surrounding the pulp cavity of a tooth

the organic process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed into the body

pertaining to the duodenum

first portion of the small intestine

the bodily process of discharging waste matter

physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules

hard, outermost layer of a tooth

specialist in work on the structures and tissues inside the tooth

inflammation of the small and large intestines

new opening between two previously unconnected parts of the small intestine

protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions

pertaining to the esophagus

muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach

unbranched carbon chains that make up most lipids

pertaining to the face

solid wastes; stool

stores and concentrates bile

the structures of the digestive system

creation of an artificial opening between the stomach and jejunum

creation of an artificial opening into the stomach

inflammation of the gums

formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources

simple sugar

storage form of glucose

breakdown of glycogen to glucose

tumor of the liver

enlargement of the liver

substance produced by the stomach; necessary for digestion of food

excessive level of bilirubin (bile pigment) in the blood

excessive sugar in the blood

pertaining to under the tongue

inflammation of the ileum

band of muscle that encircles the junction of ileum and cecum

creation of an artificial opening into the ileum

third portion of the small intestine

any one of four front teeth in the dental arch

hormone produced by the pancreas that helps to decrease blood sugar

second portion of the small intestine

pertaining to the lip (or of the vagina)

visual examination of the abdominal cavity

pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats

formation of calculi or stones (any type of stone formed in the body)

produces bile

a muscular ring that controls the flow between the esophagus and stomach

the process of chewing

structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall

sixth, seventh, and eighth teeth from the middle on either side of the dental arch

pertaining to the mouth

specialist who corrects irregularly positioned teeth

roof of the mouth

surgical repair of the palate and throat

surgical repair of the palate

gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum, where it mixes with bile to digest food

inflammation of the pancreas

taste buds

outside of intestines or alimentary canal; popularly used to refer to injection routes

salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear

pertaining to around the anus

specialist who prevents or treats disorders of the tissues surrounding the teeth

inflammation of the peritoneum

process of wave-like muscle contractions of the alimentary tract that moves food along

pertaining to the pharynx

throat

large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines

after a meal

fourth and fifth teeth before the molars

specialist in the anus, rectum, and colon

enzyme that digests protein

soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels

ring of muscle that guards the opening between the stomach and the duodenum

surgical repair of the pylorus

distal region of the stomach, opening to the duodenum

hernia of the rectum

last section of the large intestine, connecting the end of the colon and the anus

ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach

digestive juice produced by salivary glands

secrete saliva that is carried by ducts into the mouth

inflammation of a salivary gland

stone in the salivary gland

the S-shaped portion of the colon between the descending colon and the rectum

visual examination of the sigmoid colon

circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening

feces containing fat

large muscular sac that continues the mechanical and chemical digestion of food

inflammation of the mouth

pertaining to under the tongue

pertaining to below the mandible

fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acids and one part glycerol

soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate

surgical excision of the uvula

tiny, finger-like structures that protrude from the wall of the intestine