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- refers to a form of bullying that happens through digital technology and online platforms
-It has become popular because the technology that makes this phenomenon possible has become widely available in recent years.

- The book describes cyberbullying as a ______________________
-This means cyberbullying relies on digital technology as the medium through which the behavior takes place.

- refers to the period in which digital technology has become an important part of everyday life.

- is no longer simply a plain tool of communication or production. People now use technology not only to accomplish tasks but also to interact with other people.

technology has transformed itself into a

is not just something people use —it has become an environment where people communicate and interact

- survey by *Stairway Foundation* Inc. highlighted the prevalence of cyberbullying among Filipino youth.

DIFFERENT FORMS OF CYBER MALPRACTICES

-A person who sends malicious messages or threats to another person and does this repeatedly is guilty of harassment. Ex. Cyberstalking.
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- It is almost similar to harassment except that in flaming, mutual hostility is displayed and the exchange is escalated, as shown in the heated trade of harsh emails, texts, or even insulting images.

- happens when a person is ejected from a community or chat group and has become a target of demeaning messages even after he or she is excluded.

- A person is considered by experts as a victim of outing when very private matters about him or her are leaked online, whether in the form of a photo, a video, or a mere posted data. The varieties of scandals circulated via social media are graphic examples of outing.

- As the word indicates, masquerading takes place when a cyberbully assumes a fake identity in order to send malicious messages to his or her target. Politicians and showbiz personalities, being public figures, are usually the common victims of masquerading

Cyberbullying is only one example. Other examples include:

- taking someone else's original work or ideas without permission.

- illegally copying or distributing movies, music, software, books, or other digital content.

- copying digital content from one source, such as extracting music or videos.

- using digital platforms to exploit or take advantage of other people.

- stealing someone's personal information and pretending to be that person.

- tricking people into giving sensitive information, such as passwords or bank details.

- spreading false or inaccurate information online.

- Taking someone else's work or ideas and presenting them as your own.

Using copyrighted material without the owner's permission. It is different from plagiarism because the main issue is the lack of permission to use the

- is referred to as cybersecurity negligence or professional liability related to poor IT security, occurs when a professional or organization fails to maintain an acceptable standard of digital data protection, resulting in client harm, financial loss, or a data breach.

- refers to the process of securing digital information such as personal details, financial records, and intellectual property.

- is a security incident in which sensitive, protected, or confidential data is copied, transmitted, viewed, or stolen by an individual unauthorized to do so. Data breaches can happen to small businesses, massive corporations, or government agencies alike.

. In the context of the said prospective law, cyberbullying is defined as acts of cruelty committed using the Internet or any form of electronic media or technology that has the effect of stripping one's dignity or causing reasonable fear or physical or emotional harm. The bill likewise identifies specific acts of bullying:

Spreading negative or humiliating information about the victim.

-Posting or sending embarrassing photos, whether altered or not, with the intention to humiliate.

-Breaking into email, social media, or other electronic accounts and using the victim's identity to spread embarrassing content.

SPECIFIC ACTS OF CYBERBULLYING

-Repeatedly sending threats or engaging in online activities that make the victim fear for their safety.

Sharing private or embarrassing information, including information obtained by tricking the victim.

Repeatedly sending rude, insulting, or offensive messages.

) - A major piece of legislation dedicated specifically to cybercrimes.
- Illegal access/hacking, data interference, device misuse, cybersquatting, computer fraud, cybersex, and child pornography.

- Deals mainly with electronic data messages and electronic documents used in commercial and non-commercial activities.

- Global ethics points to the possibility of understanding and practicing ethics based on the humanity shared by all.

- is having beliefs or taking positions that are very far from what is considered normal or moderate, especially when those beliefs may involve intolerance or extreme actions.

It is "the quality or state of being extreme."

- is the awareness of moral values and the ability to recognize and consider what is right or wrong when making decisions.

- in global ethics means recognizing that you are part of one shared human community, where your actions and moral responsibilities extend beyond your own country's borders.

(UNHCR)

In 2015, roughly a million people fled to Europe, where 972,500 of these people travelled through the Mediterranean Sea, and 34,000 crossed Bulgaria and Greece by land.
As per the UNHCR's estimates:
• 50% who crossed the Mediterranean was a Syrian.
• 20% of these refugees are Afghan, and 7% are Iraqis.

- A photo of a child washed up on a Turkish beach served as a grim reminder for Europe and the rest of the world of the extremely perilous plight of these refugees.

- who extended their hands and opened doors to the helpless refugees. Rather than seeing refugees as intruders or unwelcomed strangers, they chose to recognize their humanity and look at migrants as fellow human beingsworthy of the genuine recignition

• The universal acknowledgment that all human persons, regardless of their cultural,religious, economic, or political backgrounds, are sharers of the same human bond.
• However, it is often taken for granted given the influence of modern ethical culture, which tends to prioritize the value of the individual more than his or her connection with the wider human community.
• This sense of oneness may be derived from the recognition of the universality of the human desire to flourish and be fulfilled.

- It is an individual project whose enactment and fulfillment can only be achieved within a community where sharing and cooperation are practiced.

- To be a citizen in the global age requires more than just an affirmation of one's ethnic origin. -.It also means enhancing one's consciousness of the commonality

are important in the sense that they illustrate and instruct the social nature of human flourishing.

- An American philosopher.
In her book "Not for Profit: Why Democracy Needs the Humanities"
-Narratives allow students to nurture an aptitude she calls narrative imagination.

, therefore, is both an individual and cooperative undertaking and is always rooted in one's membership in a social group.

- A professor in University of the Philippines; suggested that

"Citizenship is an understanding that one's destiny is inextricably linked to the destiny of one's society that gives birth in turn to a belief in social hope...Citizenship is a moral practice that people realize in the collective sphere in their lives."

- brings new technologies, different political and economic systems, and diverse cultures. Students need a well-rounded, human-centered education to understand their responsibilities as global citizens.

- States that: "All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.

- is ethical citizenship that one acquires through education on narratives.

A student reads works fiction, mythologies, epics, and novels not just to be familiar with another culture's literary tradition but also to find illustrations of similar human conditions shared by all members of the same human community.