class7 history ch3

It was made the capital by several rulers, including the Slave Dynasty, and became a center for trade, administration, and culture.

Qutb-ud-din Aibak.

The construction of the Qutub Minar.

Slave Dynasty, Khilji Dynasty, Tughlaq Dynasty, Sayyid Dynasty, and Lodi Dynasty.

- Market control to regulate prices.
- Increased army to defend the Sultanate.
- Land reforms for effective taxation.

- Shifted the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad.
- Introduced token currency.
- Faced revolts due to failed policies.

Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in 1526 at the First Battle of Panipat.

- Strong regional powers.
- Lack of resources.
- Revolts by local rulers.

- Introduced Persian culture and language.
- Advanced architecture and city planning.
- Established a centralized administration.

It was a land grant system used to manage revenue and administration.

- To spread Islam.
- To provide education and unify society.

Qutb-ud-din Aibak.

Slave, Khilji, Tughlaq, Sayyid, and Lodi.

- Used to manage land revenue.
- Granted land to nobles for administration.
- Ensured army maintenance.

- Controlled market prices.
- Increased military strength.
- Taxed agriculture heavily.

To control the Deccan better.

- Weak rulers after Tughlaqs.
- Invasions by Timur.
- Babur’s victory in 1526.

- Introduced Persian language.
- Developed Indo-Islamic architecture.
- Promoted trade and urbanization.

Spread Islamic education and unity.

- Expansion of territories.
- Strong administration.
- Reforms to strengthen the army.

The First Battle of Panipat (1526).

Consolidated the Delhi Sultanate.
Introduced the Iqta system.
Completed the Qutub Minar.

She was the first and only female ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.

Opposition from nobles.
Gender bias in administration.
Revolts by regional governors.

Expansion of territory.
Introduction of token currency.
Failed administrative experiments.

Poor planning of capital transfer.
Lack of acceptance of token currency.
Revolts due to heavy taxation.

Introduced market reforms.
Strengthened the Sultanate’s military.
Controlled Mongol invasions effectively.

Boosted internal and external trade.
Developed infrastructure like roads.
Introduced a standardized currency.

Assisted in administration.
Managed Iqta lands.
Acted as military commanders.

Built grand mosques and forts.
Introduced arches, domes, and minarets.
Examples: Qutub Minar, Alai Darwaza.

Qutb-ud-din Aibak declared independence after Muhammad Ghori’s death.

Spread of Persian and Arabic languages.
Integration of Indo-Islamic art and architecture.
Growth of music and literature.

To plunder wealth and resources.

Superior military strategies.
Use of artillery in battles.
Weak leadership of Ibrahim Lodi.

A land grant given to nobles in exchange for administrative and military support.

Prevented hoarding and black marketing.
Ensured affordable prices for goods.
Strengthened the Sultanate’s economy.

Managed the Iqta lands.
Collected taxes.
Maintained law and order.

Military campaigns.
Strategic alliances.
Suppression of revolts.

Limited roles in politics.
Some noblewomen influenced court decisions.
Example: Razia Sultan’s rule.

Centralized system of governance.
Use of the Iqta system for revenue.
Law based on Islamic principles.

Razia Sultan

Land grant

Muhammad bin Tughlaq

Lodi Dynasty

Delhi

Qutb-ud-din Aibak (completed by Iltutmish)

Persian

It established centralized governance.
Introduced Persian culture and language.
Advanced architecture and trade systems.

Qutub Minar, Alai Darwaza, Jama Masjid.
Use of arches, domes, and minarets in construction.

The move was poorly planned.
People faced hardships during the migration.
It led to revolts and unrest.

Market control policies.
Heavy taxation on agriculture.
Strengthened the Sultanate’s military.
Long Answer Questions

Weak successors after the Tughlaq dynasty.
Rebellions by regional rulers and nobles.
Timur’s invasion weakened the Sultanate in 1398.
The rise of new powers like the Mughals.

Centralized governance with the Sultan as the supreme authority.
Land revenue collected through the Iqta system.
Law based on Islamic principles.
Nobles and governors (Muqtis) managed provinces and military affairs.

Promotion of Persian and Arabic languages.
Development of Indo-Islamic architecture.
Growth of music, literature, and trade.

Collecting revenue.
Maintaining law and order in their territories.
Providing military support to the Sultan.

Resistance from local rulers.
Threats from Mongols.
Lack of communication and resources.

Forced rulers like Alauddin Khilji to strengthen military defenses.
Built forts and recruited a larger army.
Economic strain due to increased military expenditure.
Worksheet-Based Questions

She broke societal norms by becoming the first female ruler.
Razia promoted efficient administration.
Faced resistance from nobles due to her gender.

Military campaigns in southern India.
Suppression of Mongol invasions.
Strengthened the administrative system.

Token currency: Failed due to forgery.
Capital transfer to Daulatabad: Poor execution led to unrest.
Heavy taxes: Caused revolts among farmers.

Heavy taxation on agricultural produce.

Ruknuddin Firoz Shah (initially, before Razia).

Alauddin Khilji.

A judge in Islamic law.

Alauddin Khilji.

Babur in 1526 (First Battle of Panipat).

Nobles were unhappy with a woman ruler.
Conspiracies led to her being overthrown.
Faced rebellion from powerful governors.

Encouraged trade with Central Asia and the Middle East.
Established a network of roads for trade.
Promoted the use of currency for transactions.

Governors (Muqtis) were monitored closely by the Sultan.
Regular audits were conducted to prevent corruption.
A part of revenue collected was given to the Sultan.

Law based on Sharia (Islamic law).
Persian was adopted as the official language.
Promoted construction of mosques and madrasas.
Policy of tolerance varied among rulers (e.g., Alauddin Khilji vs. Firoz Shah Tughlaq).

Alauddin Khilji: Focused on controlling markets, branding horses, and reducing corruption.
Muhammad bin Tughlaq: Introduced token currency, moved the capital, and faced rebellions due to impractical policies.
Worksheet-Based or Implied Questions

Assisted in administration and governance.
Acted as military commanders and governors.
Played a key role in revenue collection.

Built canals and improved irrigation.
Established several towns like Firozabad.
Built hospitals and madrasas.