Exam 2

group of populations in a given place and time

all organisms present and their abundance

all interactions between organisms and cycling of nutrients within that community

place where organisms live

potential space a species could occupy and any organisms it could interact with (affected by abiotic)

actual space a species occupies and the organisms it interacts with (affected by biotic)

interaction where two organisms try to use the same essential resource

remove competition and an organism expands the realized niche

one species excludes another from its niche due to competition

two species evolve to use different resources to reduce competition

one organism eats or consumes another one

never come in contact with a predator

behavior or morphology that reduces a prey animal's chance of being eaten

nondangerous animal comes to resemble one that is dangerous

multiple dangerous species all come to resemble each other

close association between two or more species

parasite that lives on the outside

parasite that lives on the inside

parasites eat from host, parasitoids lay eggs in host

species that are critical to the structure of the community (controls it)

have a big impact on the community because of their abundance

the number of species present and their abundance

measure of the number of species within a community

measure of how even the populations are within a community

any event that disrupts a community

process of change within a community after a disturbance

change within a community that is totally barren (glacier, volcanic eruption)

recolonization of a community after a disturbance

group of the same species in the same space capable of inbreeding

happens when resources are clumped

happens when theres competition within a species

happens when there are unlimited resources

largest population that can be maintained in an area over time

an organism's lifetime events have evolved (by natural selction) to maximise reproductive success.

first to define niche as the "habitat where organisms live"

defines niche as "space an organism occupies", 2 species can't occupy 1 niche

barnacle experiment

seastar removal

resource partitioning in birds

more oaks, more acorns, more mice, attracts deer, deer harbor ticks, mice get ticks, ticks give borellia bacteria, more lyme disease

body size, # and size of offspring, reproductive age, age at maturity, time of death, parental care, fecundity, fitness

reproductive potential

genetic contribution to future generation (# of offspring)