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UNIT 1A

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1
continuous data
data broken into decimals, fractions, and can be measured on a infinite scale
2
example of ocnitnuous data (from 100-200)
100.00,100.1..., 100.02
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discrete data
data that counts only integers -- limited
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example of discrete data from 100-200
100,101,102,103...
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validity
how accurate is the graph
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random sampline
mehtod is entirely random. everyone has an equal chance of being selected
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systemic sampling
choosing subjects at a regular interval from a list. for exmaple, every tenth person
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convenience sampling
survey suibjects. who are available and willing
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stratigfied sampling
dividing into groups, and then using random or systemtamic methods to survey a fixed number within each group
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quota sampling
convenience sampling, but then stopping when you have surveyed a fixed number in each group
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frequency distributoin
a table showing all possible values a variable can take and the numebr of times the varibale takes each of those values
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mode
most common number
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modal class
the group with the highest frequency
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if groups in frequency are uneven, that means the sample is
unbiased,unreliable
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what is the mid interval value in a<x<b
mean of a and b (a+b/2)
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how to calc range
max-min
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how to calc interquartile range (iqr)
Q3-Q1
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what is symbol of variance on calc
o^2
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what is the sybol of standark deviation
o
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how does adding a a constant to a set of data change the mean
add constant to mean
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how does adding a a constant to a set of data change the median
add constant to median
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how does adding a a constant to a set of data change the mode
depends
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how does adding a a constant to a set of data change the lower quartile
adding the constant
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how does adding a a constant to a set of data change the upper quartile
adding the constnat
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how does adding a a constant to a set of data change the range
does not change
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how does adding a constant to a set of data change the iqr
does not change
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how does adding a constant to a set of data change the standark deviation
does not change
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how does multiplying a set of data by constant change the mean
multiply it by the constant
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how does multiplying a set of data by constant change the median
multiply it by the constant
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how does multiplying a set of data by constant change themode
multiply the constant
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how does multiplying a set of data by constant change the lower quartile
yes
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how does multiplying a set of data by constant change the upper quartile
yes
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how does multiplying a set of data by constant change the
multiply `
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how does multiplying a set of data by constant change the standard deviation
multiply it by constant
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what is the pearson product moment correleation coefficient
r
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if r =1
stprng positive linear correlation
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r = 0 meaning
means no linear correlation
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r = -1 means
strong negative linear correlation (NOT BAD RELATIONSHIP, THATS ONLY CLOSER TO ZERO)
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if r is closer to zero
bad
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if r is closer to 1 or -1
strong
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the result of al experiment
outcome
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a combination of outocmes in known as
event
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sample tests
set of all possible outcomes for an event
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relative frequency
the fraction of trials which are favorable to an evrent
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throretical probability
the expected prob of an event that has not actually been tested
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events are said to be ___ events if hthe outcomes of the second event does not depend upon the outcome of the first event
independent
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compleement
part of event that says that all outcomes different from the favorable outcome
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two events that if the outcome or occurrence of the first affects the outcome or occurrence of the seocd so that the probabil;ity is change
dependent
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events that cannot occur at the same time
mutually exclusive
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experiemntal probability
situation involving chance or probabilioty that leads to results called outcomes
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complementary events
what reallly happens in real life
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formula to calculate expected number of occurences
A = P(A) x n where n is number of trials
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p(A) means...
the probability of something happening
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combined events
two or more events happening at the same time
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conditional probabilityt
probability of event A happening is depeendent on previous event (B)
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P(A n B) formula
P(A) x P(B)
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Formula of P(A U B)
P(A) + P(B) - P(A n B)
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If events mutaully exlusive, P(AUB)
P(A) + P(B) , if greater than one, events are not mutual
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how to calc outlier
x < Q1 - 1.5(Q3-Q1) ; x > Q3 + 1.5(Q3-Q1)
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