1abound
exist in large numbers or amounts.
2amorphous
without a clearly defined shape or form.
3belie
1. (of an appearance) fail to give a true impression of (something).
2. fail to fulfill or justify (a claim or expectation).
4capricious
given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior.
5cerebral
1. of the cerebrum of the brain.
2. intellectual rather than emotional or physical.
6congenial
1. (of a person) pleasing or liked on account of having qualities or interests that are similar to one's own.
2. (of a thing) pleasant or agreeable because suited to one's taste or inclination.
7conspicuous
1. clearly visible.
2. attracting notice or attention.
8cursory
hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed.
9daunting
seeming difficult to deal with in prospect; intimidating.
10deify
worship or regard as a god.
11didactic
in the manner of a teacher, particularly so as to appear patronizing.
12disseminate
spread (something, especially information) widely.
13feasible
possible to do easily or conveniently.
14flout
openly disregard (a rule, law, or convention)
15homogeneous
of the same kind; alike.
16humdrum
lacking excitement or variety; boringly monotonous.
17insipid
1. lacking flavor; weak or tasteless.
2. lacking vigor or interest.
18loquacious
tending to talk a great deal; talkative.
19misanthropic
having or showing a dislike of other people; unsociable.
20misnomer
a wrong or inaccurate name or designation.
21negligent
failing to take proper care over something.
22obsequious
obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree.
23placate
make (someone) less angry or hostile.
24proclivity
a tendency to choose or do something regularly; an inclination or predisposition towards a particular thing.
25puerile
childishly silly and immature.
26quixotic
extremely idealistic; unrealistic and impractical.
27spendthrift
a person who spends money in an extravagant, irresponsible way.
28taciturn
(of a person) reserved or uncommunicative in speech; saying little.
29wary
feeling or showing caution about possible dangers or problems.
30austere
1. Strict in manner
2. Lack of comforts or luxuries
31adulterate
render (something) poorer in quality by adding another substance.
32advocate
a person who publicly supports or recommends a particular cause or policy.
33aggrandize
increase the power, status, or wealth of.
34alacrity
brisk and cheerful readiness.
35ambivalent
having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone.
36ameliorate
make (something bad or unsatisfactory) better.
37amenable
open and responsive to suggestion; easily persuaded or controlled.
38anachronistic
belonging to a period other than that being portrayed.
39audacious
1. showing a willingness to take surprisingly bold risks.
2. showing an impudent lack of respect.
40avaricious
having or showing an extreme greed for wealth or material gain.
41banal
so lacking in originality as to be obvious and boring.
42benign
1. gentle and kind.
2. not harmful to the environment.
43brazen
bold and without shame.
44calumny
the making of false and defamatory statements about someone in order to damage their reputation; slander.
45candid
truthful and straightforward; frank.
46castigate
reprimand (someone) severely.
47caustic
1. sarcastic in a scathing and bitter way.
2. able to burn or corrode organic tissue by chemical action.
48construe
interpret (a word or action) in a particular way.
49contrite
feeling or expressing remorse at the recognition that one has done wrong.
50convoluted
1. (especially of an argument, story, or sentence) extremely complex and difficult to follow.
2. intricately folded, twisted, or coiled.
51covet
yearn to possess (something, especially something belonging to another).
52craven
contemptibly lacking in courage; cowardly.
53decorum
behaviour in keeping with good taste and propriety.
54deft
neatly skilful and quick in one's movements.
55demur
raise objections or show reluctance.
56derivative
1. something which is based on another source.
2. imitative of the work of another artist, writer, etc., and usually disapproved of for that reason.
57desiccate
remove the moisture from (something); cause to become completely dry.
58diatribe
a forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something.
59incredulous
(of a person or their manner) unwilling or unable to believe something.
60ingenuous
(of a person or action) innocent and unsuspecting.
61abate
(of something unpleasant or severe) become less intense or widespread.
62abjure
solemnly renounce (a belief, cause, or claim).
63anomalous
deviating from what is standard, normal, or expected.
64antipathy
a deep-seated feeling of aversion.
65arcane
understood by few; mysterious or secret.
66arduous
involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring.
67artless
without effort or pretentiousness; natural and simple.
68ascetic
characterized by severe self-discipline and abstention from all forms of indulgence, typically for religious reasons.
69assuage
make (an unpleasant feeling) less intense.
70betray
1. unintentionally reveal; be evidence of.
2. expose (one's country, a group, or a person) to danger by treacherously giving information to an enemy.
71bucolic
relating to the pleasant aspects of the countryside and country life.
72burgeon
begin to grow or increase rapidly; flourish.
73cacophonous
involving or producing a harsh, discordant mixture of sounds.
74canonize
1. place in or regard as belonging to a canon of literary or artistic works.
2. (in the Roman Catholic Church) officially declare (a dead person) to be a saint.
75censure
express severe disapproval of (someone or something), especially in a formal statement.
76chicanery
the use of deception or subterfuge to achieve one's purpose.
77coalesce
come together to form one mass or whole.
78cogent
(of an argument or case) clear, logical, and convincing.
79compelling
evoking interest, attention, or admiration in a powerfully irresistible way.
80contend
1. compete with others in a struggle to achieve (something).
2. assert something as a position in an argument.
81copious
abundant in supply or quantity.
82cosmopolitan
1. including people from many different countries.
2. (of a plant or animal) found all over the world.
83deference
polite submission and respect.
84desultory
lacking a plan, purpose, or enthusiasm.
85diffident
modest or shy because of a lack of self-confidence.
86dilatory
1. slow to act.
2. intended to cause delay.
87equivocate
use ambiguous language so as to conceal the truth or avoid committing oneself.
88polarize
divide or cause to divide into two sharply contrasting groups or sets of opinions or beliefs.
89prodigal
1. spending money or using resources freely and recklessly; wastefully extravagant.
2. having or giving something on a lavish scale.
90verbose
using or expressed in more words than are needed.
91abstain
1. restrain oneself from doing or enjoying something.
2. formally decline to vote either for or against a proposal or motion.
92approbation
approval or praise.
93cherish
1. protect and care for (someone) lovingly.
2. keep (a hope or ambition) in one's mind.
94corroborate
confirm or give support to (a statement, theory, or finding).
95disparate
essentially different in kind; not able to be compared.
96emulate
match or surpass (a person or achievement), typically by imitation.
97enervate
make (someone) feel drained of energy or vitality.
98ephemeral
lasting for a very short time.
99fervid
intensely enthusiastic or passionate, especially to an excessive degree.
100garrulous
excessively talkative, especially on trivial matters.
101incendiary
1. tending to stir up conflict.
2. (of a device or attack) designed to cause fires.
102inimical
tending to obstruct or harm.
103intimate
1. closely acquainted; familiar.
2. state or make known.
104invigorate
give strength or energy to.
105mitigate
make (something bad) less severe, serious, or painful.
106obsolete
no longer produced or used; out of date.
107opaque
1. not able to be seen through; not transparent. 2. (especially of language) hard or impossible to understand.
108paradigmatic
1. serving as a typical example of something.
2. of or denoting the relationship between a set of linguistic items that form mutually exclusive choices in particular syntactic roles.
109pedantic
excessively concerned with minor details or rules; overscrupulous.
110placid
1. not easily upset or excited.
2. calm and peaceful, with little movement or activity.
111polemical
of or involving strongly critical or disputatious writing or speech.
112precipitate
cause (an event or situation, typically one that is undesirable) to happen suddenly, unexpectedly, or prematurely.
113profundity
great depth of insight or knowledge.
114prophetic
accurately predicting what will happen in the future.
115prudent
acting with or showing care and thought for the future.
116punctilious
showing great attention to detail or correct behavior.
117recondite
(of a subject or knowledge) little known; abstruse.
118scrupulous
(of a person or process) careful, thorough, and extremely attentive to details.
119tranquil
free from disturbance; calm.
120vacillate
waver between different opinions or actions; be indecisive.
121aloof
not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant.
122clangor
a continuous loud banging or ringing sound.
123conventional
1. based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed.
2. (of a bid) intended to convey a particular meaning according to an agreed convention.
124debunk
expose the falseness or hollowness of (an idea or belief).
125diminutive
1. extremely or unusually small.
2. (of a word, name, or suffix) implying smallness, either actual or imputed to convey affection,scorn etc.
126discernible
able to be discerned; perceptible.
127enigmatic
difficult to interpret or understand; mysterious.
128estranged
(of a person) no longer close or affectionate to someone; alienated.
129extravagant
lacking restraint in spending money or using resources.
130fanciful
1. over-imaginative and unrealistic.
2. highly ornamental or imaginative in design.
131frivolous
not having any serious purpose or value.
132heterogeneous
diverse in character or content.
133imperious
arrogant and domineering.
134impertinent
1. not showing proper respect; rude.
2. not pertinent to a particular matter; irrelevant.
135invasive
tending to spread very quickly and undesirably or harmfully.
136irresolute
showing or feeling hesitancy; uncertain.
137laudable
(of an action, idea, or aim) deserving praise and commendation.
138lax
1. not sufficiently strict, severe, or careful.
2. (of the limbs or muscles) relaxed.
139marginalize
treat (a person, group, or concept) as insignificant or peripheral.
140panache
flamboyant confidence of style or manner.
141plodding
slow-moving and unexciting.
142prosaic
having or using the style or diction of prose as opposed to poetry; lacking imaginativeness or originality.
143remedial
giving or intended as a remedy or cure.
144restive
(of a person) unable to remain still, silent, or submissive, especially because of boredom or dissatisfaction.
145sporadic
occurring at irregular intervals or only in a few places; scattered or isolated.
146stigmatize
describe or regard as worthy of disgrace or great disapproval.
147undermine
1. lessen the effectiveness, power, or ability of, especially gradually or insidiously.
2. erode the base or foundation of (a rock formation).
148utterly
completely and without qualification; absolutely.
149weary
feeling or showing extreme tiredness, especially as a result of excessive exertion.
150zealous
having or showing zeal.
151admonish
warn or reprimand someone firmly.
152aesthetic
concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.
153affectation
behavior, speech, or writing that is pretentious and designed to impress.
154alleviate
make (suffering, deficiency, or a problem) less severe.
155analogous
comparable in certain respects, typically in a way which makes clearer the nature of the things compared.
156bolster
support or strengthen.
157chauvinistic
feeling or displaying aggressive or exaggerated patriotism.
158connoisseur
an expert judge in matters of taste.
159dissemble
conceal or disguise one's true feelings or beliefs.
160dogged
having or showing tenacity and grim persistence.
162empirical
based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.
163engender
cause or give rise to (a feeling, situation, or condition).
164entitled
believing oneself to be inherently deserving of privileges or special treatment.
165pertinacious
holding firmly to an opinion or a course of action.
166presumptuous
(of a person or their behaviour) failing to observe the limits of what is permitted or appropriate/overconfident
167probity
the quality of having strong moral principles; honesty and decency.
168proliferate
increase rapidly in number; multiply.
169specious
superficially plausible, but actually wrong.
170spurious
not being what it purports to be; false or fake.
171subjective
based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions.
172subvert
undermine the power and authority of (an established system or institution).
173timorous
showing or suffering from nervousness or a lack of confidence.
174tortuous
1. full of twists and turns.
2. excessively lengthy and complex.
175tractable
easy to control or influence.
176transient
lasting only for a short time; impermanent.
177ubiquitous
present, appearing, or found everywhere.
179venal
showing or motivated by susceptibility to bribery; corrupt.
180venerate
regard with great respect; revere.
181appease
1. pacify or placate (someone) by acceding to their demands.
2. assuage or satisfy (a demand or a feeling).
182arbitrary
1. based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system.
2. (of power or a ruling body) unrestrained and autocratic in the use of authority.
183archaic
very old or old-fashioned.
184clamorous
1. making a loud and confused noise.
2. expressing or characterized by vehement protests or demands.
185dearth
a scarcity or lack of something.
186explicable
able to be accounted for or understood.
187hyperbole
exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.
188immutable
unchanging over time or unable to be changed.
189indefatigable
(of a person or their efforts) persisting tirelessly.
190indolent
1. wanting to avoid activity or exertion; lazy.
2. (of a disease or condition) causing little or no pain.
191insular
ignorant of or uninterested in cultures, ideas, or peoples outside one's own experience.
192intransigent
unwilling or refusing to change one's views or to agree about something.
193intrepid
fearless; adventurous (often used for rhetorical or humorous effect).
194irreverent
showing a lack of respect for people or things that are generally taken seriously.
195loathe
feel intense dislike or disgust for.
196malign
1. evil in nature or effect.
2. speak about (someone) in a spitefully critical manner.
197malleable
easily influenced; pliable.
198neophyte
1. a person who is new to a subject or activity.
2. a new convert to a religion.
199plastic
1. not genuine; artificial or unnatural.
2. (of a substance or material) easily shaped or moulded.
200platitude
a remark or statement, especially one with a moral content, that has been used too often to be interesting or thoughtful.
201prescient
having or showing knowledge of events before they take place.
202pristine
in its original condition; unspoilt.
203reproach
express to (someone) one's disapproval of or disappointment in their actions.
204robust
1. strong and healthy; vigorous.
2. (of wine or food) strong and rich in flavour or smell.
205salubrious
1. health-giving; healthy.
2. (of a place) pleasant; not run-down.
206sanction
1. a threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule.
2. official permission or approval for an action.
207sedulous
(of a person or action) showing dedication and diligence.
208soporific
tending to induce drowsiness or sleep.
209stern
(of a person or their manner) serious and unrelenting, especially in the assertion of authority and exercise of discipline.
210tendentious
expressing or intending to promote a particular cause or point of view, especially a controversial one.
211accentuate
make more noticeable or prominent.
212conjectural
based on or involving conjecture.
213convivial
friendly, lively, and enjoyable.
214decadent
characterized by or reflecting a state of moral or cultural decline.
215egregious
outstandingly bad; shocking.
216evanescent
soon passing out of sight, memory, or existence; quickly fading or disappearing.
217flamboyant
1. (of a person or their behaviour) tending to attract attention because of their exuberance, confidence, and stylishness.
2. bright, colourful, and very noticeable.
218forestall
prevent or obstruct (an anticipated event or action) by taking advance action.
219gainsay
deny or contradict (a fact or statement).
220galvanize
1. shock or excite (someone) into taking action.
2. coat (iron or steel) with a protective layer of zinc.
221indiscriminate
done at random or without careful judgement.
222innocuous
not harmful or offensive.
223momentary
lasting for a very short time; brief.
224mundane
1. lacking interest or excitement; dull.
2. of this earthly world rather than a heavenly or spiritual one.
225nettlesome
causing annoyance or difficulty.
226nullify
make legally null and void; invalidate.
227obviate
1. remove (a need or difficulty).
2. avoid or prevent (something undesirable).
228omnipresent
widely or constantly encountered; widespread.
229oust
drive out or expel (someone) from a position or place.
230palpable
1. (of a feeling or atmosphere) so intense as to seem almost tangible.
2. able to be touched or felt.
231perfidy
the state of being deceitful and untrustworthy.
232profuse
(especially of something offered or discharged) very plentiful; abundant.
233pugnacious
eager or quick to argue, quarrel, or fight.
234sagacious
having or showing keen mental discernment and good judgement; wise or shrewd.
235sanguine
optimistic or positive, especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation.
236scant
barely sufficient or adequate.
237skulduggery
underhand, unscrupulous, or dishonest behaviour or activities.
238trivial
of little value or importance.
239utilitarian
1. designed to be useful or practical rather than attractive.
2. relating to or adhering to the doctrine of utilitarianism.
240vapid
offering nothing that is stimulating or challenging; bland.
241boorish
rough and bad-mannered; coarse.
242brook
to tolerate; to endure; to countenance
243circumspect
wary and unwilling to take risks.
244comity
1. an association of nations for their mutual benefit.
2. courtesy and considerate behavior towards others.
245commensurate
corresponding in size or degree; in proportion.
246cordial
1. warm and friendly.
2. strongly felt.
247deleterious
causing harm or damage.
248dichotomy
a division or contrast between two things that are or are represented as being opposed or entirely different.
249edify
instruct or improve (someone) morally or intellectually.
250elicit
evoke or draw out (a reaction, answer, or fact) from someone.
251erudite
having or showing great knowledge or learning.
252fecund
producing or capable of producing an abundance of offspring or new growth; highly fertile.
253feeble
1. lacking physical strength, especially as a result of age or illness.
2. lacking strength of character.
3. failing to convince or impress.
254felicitous
1. well chosen or suited to the circumstances..
2. pleasing and fortunate.
255forbear
politely or patiently restrain an impulse to do something; refrain.
256haphazard
lacking any obvious principle of organization.
257hodgepodge
a confused mixture; a hotchpotch.
258impede
delay or prevent (someone or something) by obstructing them; hinder.
259impetuous
acting or done quickly and without thought or care.
260irascible
having or showing a tendency to be easily angered.
261mercenary
1. primarily concerned with making money at the expense of ethics.
2. a professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army.
262meticulous
showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise.
263mordant
especially of humor) having or showing a sharp or critical quality; biting.
264outstrip
move faster than and overtake (someone else)./exceed
265precarious
not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to fall or collapse.
266quirky
having or characterized by peculiar or unexpected traits or aspects.
267repudiate
1. refuse to accept; reject.
2. deny the truth or validity of.
268tact
skill and sensitivity in dealing with others or with difficult issues.
269trifling
unimportant or trivial.
270turbulent
characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion; not stable or calm.
271acumen
the ability to make good judgments and take quick decisions.
272antithesis
1. a person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else.
2. (in Hegelian philosophy) the negation of the thesis as the second stage in the process of dialectical reasoning.
273ascribe
regard something as being due to (a cause)./assign
274befuddled
cause to become unable to think clearly.
275eschew
deliberately avoid using; abstain from.
276esoteric
intended for or likely to be understood by only a small number of people with a specialized knowledge or interest.
277evasive
tending to avoid commitment or self-revelation, especially by responding only indirectly.
278exculpate
show or declare that (someone) is not guilty of wrongdoing.
279expedite
make (an action or process) happen sooner or be accomplished more quickly.
280fastidious
very attentive to and concerned about accuracy and detail.
281feign
pretend to be affected by (a feeling, state, or injury).
282furtive
attempting to avoid notice or attention, typically because of guilt or a belief that discovery would lead to trouble; secretive.
283hamper
1. hinder or impede the movement or progress of.
2. a basket with a carrying handle and a hinged lid, used for food, cutlery, and plates on a picnic.
284indispensable
absolutely necessary.
285lament
a passionate expression of grief or sorrow.
286myopic
1. short-sighted.
2. lacking foresight or intellectual insight.
287nonchalant
(of a person or manner) feeling or appearing casually calm and relaxed; not displaying anxiety, interest, or enthusiasm.
288partial
1. existing only in part; incomplete.
2. favoring one side in a dispute above the other; biased.
3. having a liking for.
289pensive
engaged in, involving, or reflecting deep or serious thought.
290portend
be a sign of warning that (something, especially something momentous or calamitous) is likely to happen.
291provincial
1. of or concerning a province of a country or empire.
2. of or concerning the regions outside the capital city of a country, especially when regarded as unsophisticated or narrow-minded.
292rudimentary
involving or limited to basic principles.
293salutary
(especially with reference to something unwelcome or unpleasant) producing good effects; beneficial.
294sever
1. divide by cutting or slicing, especially suddenly and forcibly.
2. put an end to (a connection or relationship); break off.
295slight
1. insult (someone) by treating or speaking of them without proper respect or attention.
2. small in degree; inconsiderable.
3. (of a person or their build) not sturdy; thin or slender.
296somnolent
sleepy; drowsy.
297stoic
1. a person who can endure pain or hardship without showing their feelings or complaining.
2. a member of the ancient philosophical school of Stoicism.
298supersede
take the place of (a person or thing previously in authority or use); supplant.
299tout
1. attempt to sell (something), typically by a direct or persistent approach.
2. attempt to persuade people of the merits of.
300wane
1. (of a state or feeling) decrease in vigor or extent; become weaker.
2. (of the moon) have a progressively smaller part of its visible surface illuminated, so that it appears to decrease in size.