Psych101 Exam 3

id, superego, ego

unaware of behavior

sexual & aggressive drive, physical needs, pleasure principal

aware of behavior

sense of right & wrong, morality

balances id, superego, and reality

oral, anal, phallic, latency period, genital stage

0-1.5 yrs, focus and pleasure from mouth

1.5-3 yrs, fascination with anus and its functions, anal retentive, anal expulsive

3-6 yrs, focus and pleasure on genitals, oedipus complex, electra complex, castration anxiety

for boys, attachment of the child to the parent of the opposite sex, accompanied by envious and aggressive feelings toward the parent of the same sex.

for girls, attachment of the child to the parent of the opposite sex, accompanied by envious and aggressive feelings toward the parent of the same sex.

describe a boy's fear of loss of or damage to the genital organ as punishment for incestuous wishes toward the mother and murderous fantasies toward the rival father

6-puberty, libido is dormant. and no further psychosexual development takes place

pubrty-adult, has overcome latency, made associations with one gender or the other, and now seeks out pleasure through sexual contact with others.

follower of Freud, parent-child interactions crucial, privilege envy not penis envy, pregnancy envy

Openess, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

fantasy, aesthetics, ideas

Discipline, order, duty

outgoing, excitement

altruism, compliance, modest

anxiety, fear, self-conscious

extroverted nervous system, neurotic nervous system, psychotism nervous system

extroverts less arousable, extraverts increased brain activity to positive stimuli, extraverts have higher dopamine levels

neurons increased brain activity to negative stimuli

reduced seratonin, impulsive behavior

US/Australia, emphasize freedoms, equality, and enjoyment, more emphasis on indiviual trairs; personality traits fixed

Asian countries, needs of group outweight indiviual needs, value humilit, honor family, maintain social order

vague & general enough to apply to anyone such that one believes reading/assessment is accurate

most widely used psychometric tests for testing adult mental health

distress

disregard for moral & social skills

traditional male/female traits

fear of others & suspiciousness

bizarre & unusual thinking, questioned reliability/validity

Ink blot tests

give a picture, make a description (e.g violent description = violent predisposition)

things that induce stress responses

stress on back from chair

Catastophic events, life changes & strains, daily hassels

theory that describes physiological reactions to stress

Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion

adrenaline, pituitary gland, adrenal cortex, cortisol, decrease immune system

trying to get back to equilibrium

stress related illness (ulcers, heart disease)

element of control over stressor

exoress emotions, blaming others, self-blame, containment

Rapid Eye Movement

electrical activity at surface of scalp

eye movements, electrode by eye

electrode on jaw, muscular activity

increased activity in EEG, sign of stage 2 sleep

big wave followed by small waves

low activity followed by big wave, sign of stage 4

little EEG activity, likely to be dreaming, no EMG

aware of dream

manifest content, latent content

surface level description of dream

symbolism for dream

random neural activity, looking for associations between ideas

unable to sleep

worsens with age, increased likelihood of having depression

sleep disorder that causes breathing to stop during sleep

increased risk for heart attack & stroke, not breathing, loud snoring, increased risk if male and/or obese

abnormal REM sleep, enter REM during the day

dropping to ground going into REM

waking up conscious and not be able to move

use more than intended, unable to control use, time spent obtaining, cravings, failures at work/school, social/personal problems, given up activities. dangerous situations, continous despite knowledge, tolerance, withdrawal

use more than intended, unable to control use, time spent obtaining, cravings

Failures at work/school, social & personal problems, given up activities

dangerous sitautions, continous use despite knowledge

tolerance, withdrawal

alchohol, trainquilizers

focus on immediate present & miss bigger context

Disinhibiting normal in habitutory behaviors

impaired memory after drinking alcohol

reduce arousal and stimulation

alchohol, tranquilizers

excite central nervous system, heighten arousal

cocaine, amphetamines, nicotine

drugs that attack opioid receptors, highly addicative, relieve pain

opiates, heroin

pattern of behavior that creates significant distress, causes harm to self/others, impairs functioning

Unusual, Faulty perception, personal distress, self-defeating, maladaptive behavior, dangerous to self or others, violation of cultural standards

manual of mental disorders, has over 250 disorders and 20 broad categories, lists symptoms, typical progression, checklist of criteria

may foster overdiagnosis, increase likelihood of self-fulfilling prophecies, label may lead to biased tratement by others, affected by cultural biases

helps guide research, ensures studying same disorder, correct labeling may help find cause and treatment

talk therapy to identify problems and change behavior

focues on unconscious drives, past

focus on self-actualization, potential growth

insight, action

help people achieve insight into their problems

practical solutions for mental health problems

change behavior with learning techniques

change pattern of thinking

intense & pervasive anxiety and fear, extreme attempts to avoid these feelings

fear of situations with little to no escape or help from panic attacks

social phobia

persistent re-experiencing of event, avoidance of anything associated with trauma

heightened physiological arousal, jumpy

chronic recurrence of thoughts and behaviors that need to be repeated over and over again

recurrent, intrusive thoughts, impulses

repitive behavior in response to obsessions

Biomedical, Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Therapy

benzodiazepines (Valium, Xanax), anti-depressants

systematic desensitizations, exposure and response prevention

emotional, cognitive, and behavioral changes, most likely in women, most common disorder

similiar but less intense than MDD< depressed nost of the days, last two years or more

Persistent Depressive Disorder

episodes of mania/hypomania, depression, equally common for men and women

Biological Predisposition, Cognitive, Social

runs in families, possible genetic componet, nonormal norepinephrine and/or seratonin levels

learned helplessnes, pessimistic explanatory style

number of stressors, social support, socioeconomic status

delusions, hallucinations (auditory), disorganized or incoherent speech, inappropriate behavior

loose associations, clang associations, word salad

Based on semantic associations

based on phological association

nonsense speech

Flat affect, avolition, alogia, mutism

diminished emotional expression

inability to pursue goals

brief empty replies

refusal to talk

at least one month with 2+ symptoms, one must be delusional, hallucinations or disorganized speech

antipsychotics

twiches, muscle movement, permanent side effect

lose memory, usually from trauma

localized, selective, generalized

traveling/walking without knowledge of what is happening

two or more personalities & recurrent amnesia

eating disorder causing obsession of food and fear of gaining weight

restriction of food intake, instense fear of gaining weight, low BMI

eating disorder with regular overeating proceeded by purging

personality disorder characterized by disregard for other people

lack conscious, superficial charm but lack true feelings, manipulation and deceit are hallmarks

a personality disorder that makes it difficult to regulate emotions

instability in goals, careers, self-image, & interpersonal feelings, efforts to avoid real or imagined abandoment, impulsivity