Test 3 Bio 2 Panter Tn Tech

All types of habitats

Protosomes, Lophotrochozoans

reduced to a pericardial cavity

head-fot, visceral mass, mantle, mouth containing a radula (type of tongue)

complete digestive system

3 chambered heart (except in snails), open circulatory system

may secrete calcareous shell

Excretion, gas exchange, elimination of waste, release of reproductive products

Nephridiaexcrete nitrogenous waste, Protonephridia in larval stages, Metanephridia in adults

Dioecious, with one class monoecious

free zwimming trochophore in aquatic molluscs, Veliger larvae forms in snails and clams (first shell)

Gastropda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda

Intermediate hosts for important human parasites, single spiral shell, flattened foot

use nematocysts of cnidarian prey

Sea slugs dislay aposematism

180 degree twist of visceral mass, mantle, and mantle cavity

covering on foot that closes the shell when a snail draws inside

single gill in mantle of aquadic forms, siphon tube in burrowing forms

use vascular rich mantle to exchange gasses, called pulmonate lung

Hydraulic skeleton (blood under pressure, moves structures)

Large cerebral ganglion in head and smalller one in foot

at the end of tentacles, sometimes with a lens and cornea

marine dioecious with external fertilization, terrestrial and freshwarer are monoecious with interal cross fertilization (sperm exchange)

aquatix, laterally compressed, no head, no radula

Wedge-shaped foot for most movement, scallops can propulsion swim

Thin, plate-like gills used for gas exchange

Filter-feed, complete digestive system

Specialized open circulatory system, three pairs of ganglia, may have sensory tentacles and photoreceptors

Dioecious, external fertilization., free swimming larvae

dioecious, internal fertilization, brood larvae in specialized gills, some have larval stage (glochidia) that is parasitic to fish

Shell present or absent or reduced, all marine, among largest invertebrates

anterior foot modified into tentacles, mantle cavity is funnel shaped and used for propulsion

beak like jaws and a radula, some have venom, predators

Closed circulatory system, system hearts ad branchial hearts

Extremely complex, extreme cephalization, most intelligent invertibrates

complex eyes, chromatophores, alow for color change

Dioecious, male transfers sperm in spermatophores to females with a tentacle caled a hectocotylus, larvae develop in eggs, hatchlings resemble adults

largest animal phylum, 4 main characteristics: Metamerism, Exoskeleton, Hemocoel, Metamorphosis

External, permits specialization of body regions for specific functions

non-living chitin and protiens, covers all body surfaces

structural support, protection, slows water loss, provides color, joint formation

cavity for open circulatory system

drastic change in body form and physiology, reduces competition

dioecious

prosoma, opisthosoma

Chelicerae (1st pair), Pedipalps (2nd pair) NO antennae

book gills for respiration, spike tail (telson), chelate legs (pincer like)

excrete uric acid, coxal glands excrete waste, Malpighian tubules empties them to gut tract

Sensilla

Dioecious, males transfer spermatophores to females

modifed large pincers

Oviviparous (eggs develop inside of female) or viviparous (eggs develop outside of female)

Chelicerae modified into venom glands

external digestion (turn enzymes into prey)

Spinnerets on abdomen emit silk

resembe long legged spiders, no venom glands

many are ectoparasites (feed on blood from vertabrates)

Oviparous, often lay eggs on ground

head, trunk, uniramous (unbranched) appendages

2 pairs of legs per segment, detritivores, dirunal or nocturnal

1 pair of legs per segment, nocturnal, predatory and venomous

two pairs of antennae, biramous (brannched) appendages

cephalothorax and abdomen, carapace (shield-like protective tissue)

3rd pair of appendages: Mandibles, 4th and 5th pair: Maxillae (food handling)

gilss attach to base of appendages and echange gases with blood in a gil chamber

Statocyst with cemented sand grains

Dieocious with copulation, planktonic (drifting) larvae in some

predatoiry or scavengers, some are detritovores or parasitic

many planktonic, some are pathenogenetic

Copepods are planktonic and tiny (sea monkeys)

monoeicious, adults have calcareous plates

head, thorax, abdomen, three pairs of legs on thorax, one pair of antennae, many have wings

first animals to fly, limited abiltiies to thermoregulate because of flight muscles

Direct or synchronous flight - muscles attached to wings : indirect or asynchronous flight - muscles change shape of exoskeleton to create thrust

labrum, mandibles, maxillae, labium

Foregut, midgut, hindgut

aquatic insects use gills, other have trachae that open to the outside via spiracles

Supraesophageal ganglion is the primitive brain, segmental ganglia occur along the ventral nerve cord

chemoreceptors, many insects can hear with Johnston's organs or tympanal organs, simple eyes

endoctrine glands that relase hromones which control biological process

released chemicals that cause behavioral or physiological changes in other individuals of the species

complex mating behaviors and internal fertilization, females deposit eggs with an ovipositor

immature stages differ from adults, gradually assume adult form

Immature stages very different from adult, resting stage called pupa

Essential to ecological functions, some produce human consumed products, others are pests

Deuterosomes (everything else covered has been a protosome)

Calcareous endoskeleton, no head of well-developed brain, pentraradial symmetry, bilateral larvae

Ring canal around mouth, radial canals (arms), lateral canals (branched off radial canals), tube feet at end of lateral canals

Hemal system: circulates fluid and may aid in transporting, nerve net and nerve ring for nervous system

Complete digestive tract, coelem important for circulation

Asexual or sexual (mostly sexual) most dioecious with external fertilization, free swimming, planktonic, bilateral larvae

Predators or scavengers, everts stomach on bivalves to weaken adductor muscles

predators, scavengers, basket stars are filter feeders

some have venom, endoskeleton fused into test, chewing mouth part called Aristotle's lanturn

endoskeleton reduced or absent, consume particulate organic matter

no arms, tentacles, respiratory water tress pump water through body

Most primative echinoderm class, filter feeders

Water-vascular system and ventrally oriented mouth developed for scavenging, bilateral symmetry also evidence of transition from sedentary to free living lifestyle

proboscis, collar, trunk

Complete digestive tract, filter feed, trap with detritus and proboscis

Open circulatory system