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11 flashcardsby Kenny
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1
population
All the individuals of a given species that live and reproduce in a particular place; one of several interbreeding groups of organisms of the same species living in the same geographical area.
2
signaling molecule
A chemical messenger that functions in cell communication by affecting activities of other cells.
3
target cell
A cell that has receptor proteins that can bind to a specific signaling molecule.
4
ligand
A signaling molecule with a molecular shape and distribution of charge that allows it to match up with and bind to a complementary receptor protein.
5
quorum sensing
Density-dependent production of signal molecules in bacteria that leads to population responses, such as bioluminescence or DNA uptake.
6
hormone
A signaling molecule that is transported in the circulatory system by endocrine signaling.
7
plasmodesmata
Connections between two adjacent plant cells that permit molecules and other substances to pass directly from the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of another.
8
sensor
In homeostasis, the component that detects a stimulus.
9
set point
In homeostasis, the typical physiological value of a particular parameter, such as body temperature or blood glucose levels, which is actively maintained by the body with very little fluctuation.
10
negative feedback
A process in which the response or output of a system opposes the initial stimulus, resulting in steady conditions, or homeostasis.
11
positive feedback
A pattern of response in which the output or signal of a communication system increases the activity in the same system that produced the signal.
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