1Looshaus, Austria
Adolf Loos
4San Cataldo Cemetery, Modena (1971-84)
Aldo Rossi
5Bonnefanten Museum, Maastricht (1990–94)
Aldo Rossi
6Quartier Schützenstrasse, Berlin (1994–98)
Aldo Rossi
7Mojiko Hotel, Kitakyushu (1996–98)
Aldo Rossi
8Iberê Camargo Foundation in Porto Alegre
Álvaro Siza
9the Serralves
Alvaro Siza
10New Orleans Building
Alvaro Siza
11Casa Fez, Porto, Portugal (took 12 years to complete)
Álvaro Siza
13Villa Mairea, Finland
Alvar Aalto
14Viipuri Library
Alvar Aalto
15Finlandia Hall
Alvar Aalto
16The Baker House, Massachusetts
Alvar Aalto
17Church of Santa Maria Assunta in Riola di Vergato, Italy
Alvar Aalto
18Paimio Sanatorium
Alvar Aalto
19Robert Hoag Rawlings Public Library
Antoine Predock
20Trinity River Audubon Center
Antoine Predock
21Canadian Museum for Human Rights, Canada
Antoine Predock
22McNamara Alumni Center at Minnesota
Antoine Predock
23Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, Paris (1913)
Auguste Perret
24Notre Dame du Raincy (1922–23)
Auguste Perret
25St. Joseph's Church, Le Havre (1951–58)
Auguste Perret
26Casa Batlló, Spain
Antoni Gaudí
27is only identifiable as Modernisme in the broadest sense. The ground floor, in particular, has unusual tracery, irregular oval windows and flowing sculpted stone work. There are few straight lines, and much of the façade is decorated with a colorful mosaic made of broken ceramic tiles (trencadís). The roof is arched and was likened to the back of a dragon or dinosaur. A common theory about the building is that the rounded feature to the left of centre, terminating at the top in a turret and cross, represents the lance of Saint George (patron saint of Catalonia, Gaudí's home), which has been plunged into the back of the drago
Casa Batlló
28This became an UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005
Casa Batlló
29Planned to be a spiritual symbol
Casa Milà
30Sagrada Família
Antoni Gaudí
32Bellavista residential complex, Denmark
Arne Jacobsen
33Bellevue Teatret
Arne Jacobsen
34Stelling House
Arne Jacobsen
35Soholm Row Houses
Arne Jacobsen
36National Bank of Denmark
Arne Jacobsen
37Moebius House
Ben Van Berkel
38Erasmus Bridge
Ben Van Berkel
39Mercedes-Benz Museum, Stuttgart, Germany
Ben Van Berkel
40Burnham Pavilion, Millenium Park, Chicago, USA (2009)
Ben Van Berkel
41United States Capitol, Washington D.C.
Benjamin Henry Latrobe
42Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, otherwise known as the Baltimore Cathedral
Benjamin Henry Latrobe
43Blue Condominium, New York
Bernard Tschumi
44Parc de la Villette
Bernard Tschumi
45Acropolis Museum Athens, Greece
Bernard Tschumi
46Mountain Dwellings, Copenhagen, Denmark
Bjarke Ingels
48Amager Bakke
Bjarke Ingels
49Hualien Residences, Taiwan
Bjarke Ingels
50VM Houses, Copenhagen, Denmark
Bjarke Ingels
51The Montreal Biosphère, 1967
Buckminster Fuller
52Glasgow School of Art on Renfrew Street, Garnethill in Glasgow, Scotland
Charles Rennie Mackintosh
53Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumpur
Cesar Pelli
54the World Financial Center in New York City
Cesar Pelli
55Salesforce Tower, San Francisco
Cesar Pelli
56National Crafts Museum
Charles Correa
57Bharat Bhavan
Charles Correa
58is a multi-arts center located in the city of Jaipur, India. It was built by the
Government of Rajasthan to preserve Rajasthani arts and crafts. The center has eight blocks housing museums, an amphitheater, a closed auditorium, a library, art display rooms, a cafeteria, a small hostel, and an art studio. It also houses two permanent art galleries and three others, and it hosts its yearly theatre festival.
The Jawahar Kala Kendra (JKK)
59Jawahar Kala Kendra (JKK)
Charles Correa
60Flatiron Building, Manhattan, New York City (originally Fuller Building)
Daniel Hudson Burnham
61Washington Union Station in Washington D.C.
Daniel Hudson Burnham
62770 Broadway, Lower Manhattan, New York City
Daniel Hudson Burnham
63London's Selfridges department store
Daniel Hudson Burnham
64San Francisco's Merchants Exchange
Daniel Hudson Burnham
65Grand Canal Theatre in Dublin
Daniel Libeskind
66Michael Lee-Chin Crystal in Toronto
Daniel Libeskind
67Imperial War Museum, England
Daniel Libeskind
68One of the most emotional and powerful spaces in the building is a 66’ tall void that runs through the entire building. The concrete walls add a cold, overwhelming atmosphere to the space where the only light emanates from a small slit at the top of the space. The ground is covered in 10,000
coarse iron faces. A symbol of those lost during the Holocaust; the building is less of a museum but an experience depicting what most cannot understand.
Jewish Museum, Berlin
69Jewish Museum, Berlin
Daniel Libeskind
70383 Madison Avenue, Midtown Manhattan, New York City; formerly known as the Bear Stearns Building
David Childs
71Bertelsmann Building
David Childs
72Worldwide Plaza
David Childs
73Time Warner Center
David Childs
74One World Trade Center Building (2022)
David Childs
75The TWA Flight Center, also known as the Trans World Flight Center, is an airport terminal and hotel complex at John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) in New York City.
Eero Saarinen
76Kleinhans Music Hall
Eero Saarinen
77Christ Church Lutheran
Eero Saarinen
78The Gateway Arch is a 630-foot-tall (192 m) monument in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Clad in stainless steel and built in the form of
a weighted catenary arch, it is the world's tallest arch and Missouri's
tallest accessible structure.
Eero Saarinen
79National Museum of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
Eliel Saarinen
80Vyborg (Viipuri) railway station built in 1913 was the second railway station built in Vyborg, Grand Duchy of Finland
Eliel Saarinen
81Einstein Tower, Potsdam, Germany
Erich Mendelsohn
82An astrophysical observatory in the Albert Einstein Science Park in Potsdam, Germany. The Tower was built by architect Erich Mendelsohn in 1924. It was built on the summit of the Potsdam Telegraphenberg to house a solar telescope designed by the astronomer Erwin Finlay- Freundlich. The telescope supports experiments and observations to validate (or disprove) Albert Einstein's relativity theory. Although Einstein never worked there, he supported the construction and operation of the telescope. Einstein Tower is a working solar observatory today as
part of the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam.
Einstein Tower, Potsdam, Germany
83L'Oceanogràfic (El Oceanográfico), City of Arts and Sciences, Valencia, Spain
Felix Candela
84An oceanarium situated in the Garden of the Turia to the southeast of the city center of Valencia, Spain, where different marine habitats are represented.
L'Oceanogràfic (El Oceanográfico), City of Arts and Sciences, Valencia, Spain
85Der Neue Zollhof in Düsseldorf
Frank Gehry
86Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain
Frank Gehry
87Walt Disney Concert Hall, Los Angeles
Frank Gehry
88Marqués de Riscal Vineyard Hotel, Spain
Frank Gehry
89Dancing House, Prague
Frank Gehry
90The Fish, Barcelona
Frank Gehry
91Imperial Hotel
Frank Lloyd Wright
92The Fallingwater
Frank Lloyd Wright
93Guggenheim Museum, New York City
Frank Lloyd Wright
94Robie House, Chicago, Illinois
Frank Lloyd Wright
95With its architectural lightness and open concept under the curved tent
roof, the Olympic Stadium became the epitome of the cosmopolitan
and democratic guiding principle of the 1972 Summer Games.
Munich Olympic Stadium
96Munich Olympic Stadium
Frei Otto
97Garabit Viaduct
Alexandre Gustave Eiffel
98Eiffel Tower
Alexandre Gustave Eiffel
99Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium, Sendagaya Tokyo (1990)
Fumihiko Maki
100Yokohama Island Tower, Yokohama (2003)
Fumihiko Maki
10125 Martin Place (formerly and still commonly known as the MLC Centre), Sydney, Australia
Harry Seidler
102Blues Point Tower
Harry Seidler
103Australia Square Tower
Harry Seidler
104Harry and Penelope Seidler House
Harry Seidler
105Hong Kong Club Building
Harry Seidler
106Riparian Plaza, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Harry Seidler
107Rose Seidler House, New South Wales, Australia
Harry Seidler
108Castel Beranger, the first Art Nouveau apartment building in Paris
Hector Guimard
109The Maison Coilliot (Coilliot House), Lille, France
Hector Guimard
110Hotel Guimard, Paris, France
Hector Guimard
111Center Potsdamer Platz
Helmut Jahn
112Trinity Church, Boston, Massachusetts
Henry Hobson Richardson
113Marshall Field Wholesale Store (Chicago, 1885–1887, demolished 1930)
Henry Hobson Richardson
114Villa Bloemenwerf, Brussels, Belgium
Henry van de Velde
115Hohenhof, Hohenhagen in the city of Hagen, Germany
Henry van de Velde
116Beurs van Berlage, Amsterdam
Hendrik Petrus Berlage
117St. Hubertus Hunting Lodge, Hoge Veluwe National Park, Netherlands
Hendrik Petrus Berlage
118131 Ponce de Leon Avenue, also known as the Gulf Oil Building
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
119The Mesa Laboratory of the National Center for Atmospheric Research located in Boulder, Colorado.
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
120John F. Kennedy Library
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
121Louvre Pyramid
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
122Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center, Dallas,
Texas, USA
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
123The Macao Science Center in Macau
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
124Dallas City Hall, Dallas, USA
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
125Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Cleveland, Ohio
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
126The Queen's House at Greenwich, facing the River Thames
Inigo Jones
127Banqueting House Whitehall
Inigo Jones
128Elbphilharmonie (and Mahatma Gandhi bridge), Hamburg, Germany
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron
129Prada Aoyama Store, Tokyo, Japan
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron
130Beijing National Stadium, aka “The Bird’s Nest”
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron
131M+, West Kowloon Cultural District of Hong Kong
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron
132Tate Modern, London
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron
133University of Leicester Engineering Building
James Stirling
134History Faculty Library, University of Cambridge (1968)
James Stirling
135Louvre Abu Dhabi (Exterior and Interior)
Jean Nouvel
136One Central Park
Jean Nouvel
137Torre Agbar
Jean Nouvel
138Philharmonie de Paris
Jean Nouvel
139National Museum of Qatar
Jean Nouvel
140Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia
Jørn Utzon
141National Assembly of Kuwait
Jørn Utzon
142The Crystal Palace, Hyde Park, London
Joseph Paxton
143was more than an architectural breakthrough; it was a statement of Britain’s global influence during the Victorian era. Hosting the first- ever world fair, the Great Exhibition of 1851, the structure drew six million visitors from across the globe. For the Victorians, it showcased the progress of human ingenuity and the fruits of industrialisation. Its halls displayed machinery, agricultural products, and fine art, symbolising the achievements of the Industrial Revolution.
Crystal Palace
144Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum,
Naka-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
Kenzō Tange
145Plan for Skopje
Kenzō Tange
146Tokyo Olympic arenas
Kenzō Tange
147Tokyo Cathedrale(St. Mary's Cathedral), Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
Kenzō Tange
148Yoyogi National Gymnasium, Shibuya, Japan
Kenzō Tange
149Supreme Court of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
Kenzō Tange
150National Library, Singapore
Ken Yeang
151Suasana PJH 2C5 in Putrajaya, Malaysia
Ken Yeang
152Nakagin Capsule Tower, Ginza, Tokyo, Japan
Kisho Kurokawa
153National Art Center, Tokyo, Japan
Kisho Kurokawa
154Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Louis Khan
155Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban, Bangladesh
Louis Khan
156Yale University Art Gallery
Louis Khan
157Salk Institute
Louis Khan
158Phillips Exeter Academy Library
Louis Khan
159Kimbell Art Museum
Louis Khan
160Chicago Stock Exchange Building
Louis Henry Sullivan
161Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox Cathedral, Chicago, Illinois
Louis Henry Sullivan
162Harold C. Bradley House (ca. 1909) Madison, Wisconsin
Louis Henry Sullivan
163Merchants' National Bank, Grinnell, Iowa
Louis Henry Sullivan
164The model of the Plan Voisin for the reconstruction of Paris displayed at the Pavilion of the Esprit Nouveau
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
165The Pavilion of the Esprit Nouveau (1925), Paris, France
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
166Villa Savoye
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
167Notre-Dame du Haut, Ronchamp, France (1955)
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
168Church of Saint-Pierre, Firminy
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
169Palace of Assembly, Chandigarh, India
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
170The National Museum of Western Art in Tokyo (1954–1959)
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
171Unité d'Habitation of Berlin
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
172Brasília, Brazil
Lucio Costa
173Barcelona Pavilion, Barcelona, Spain
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
174Villa Wolf, Gubin, Poland
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
175S. R. Crown Hall
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
176330 North Wabash (formerly IBM Plaza also known as IBM
Building and now renamed AMA Plaza), Chicago, Illinois
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
177John C. Kluczynski Federal Building, Chicago, Illinois
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
178Seagram Building, New York City
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
179Edith Farnsworth House, Plano, Illinois
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
180The IBM La Gaude Study and Research Centre
Marcel Breuer
181945 Madison Avenue
Marcel Breuer
182Wassily Chair
Marcel Breuer
183Cesca Chair
Marcel Breuer
184The original World Trade Center
Minoru Yamasaki
185Pruitt–Igoe, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
Minoru Yamasaki
186Portland Building, Oregon
Michael Graves
187Humana Building
Michael Graves
188Denver Public Library, Colorado
Michael Graves
189Virasat-e-Khalsa, Punjab, India
Moshe Safdie
190Habitat 67, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Moshe Safdie
191Shiseido Forest Valley at Jewel Changi Airport
Moshe Safdie
192Topmost level at Jewel Changi Airport
Moshe Safdie
193Marina Bay Sands, Singapore
Moshe Safdie
194Jewel Changi Airport, Singapore
Moshe Safdie
195HSBC Main Building
Norman Foster
196Century Tower
Norman Foster
197The Gherkin
Norman Foster
198London City Hall, Bermondsey, London
Norman Foster
199Southwark bank of the River Thames, near Tower Bridge
Norman Foster
200Hearst Tower, Manhattan, New York
Norman Foster
201Apple Park, also known as Apple Campus 2, Cupertino, California
Norman Foster
202The National Congress of Brazil, Brasília
Oscar Niemeyer
203Cathedral of Brasília, hyperboloid structure
Oscar Niemeyer
204Palácio do Planalto, the official workplace of the president of Brazil
Oscar Niemeyer
205Niterói Contemporary Art Museum, Brazil
Oscar Niemeyer
206Majolika House
Otto Wagner
207First Wagner Villa
Otto Wagner
208Boston Government Services Center / Charles F. Hurley Building, Boston, Massachusetts
Paul Rudolph
209Lippo Centre (Hong Kong)
Paul Rudolph
210Saint Peter Chapel, São Paulo (1987)
Paulo Mendes da Rocha
211Paulistano Athletic Club Gymnasium, São Paulo
Paulo Mendes da Rocha
212AEG Turbine Hall, Berlin
Peter Behrens
213Mannesmann-Werke, district of Carlstadt
Peter Behrens
214Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe / Holocaust Memorial
Peter Eisenman
215City of Culture in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
Peter Eisenman
216St. Benedict Chapel, Switzerland
Peter Zumthor
217Therme Vals, Switzerland
Peter Zumthor
218Glass House, New Canaan, Connecticut
Philip Johnson
219550 Madison Avenue, formerly known as the Sony Tower, Sony Plaza, and AT&T Building, Manhattan, New York
Philip Johnson
220Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute, Utica NY
Philip Johnson
221Christ Cathedral, Garden Grove, California
Philip Johnson
222190 South La Salle Street in Chicago.
Philip Johnson
223Red House, Bexleyheath, designed by Webb for William Morris
Philip Webb
224The Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption,
San Francisco, California
Pier Luigi Nervi
225Norfolk Scope, Norfolk, Virginia
Pier Luigi Nervi
226Pirelli Tower, Milan, Italy
Pier Luigi Nervi
227The Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption, San Francisco, California
Pietro Belluschi
228Equitable Building, New York
Pietro Belluschi
229Kursaal Congress Centre and Auditorium, Spain
Rafael Moneo
230National Museum of Roman Art, Mérida, Spain
Rafael Moneo
231Tokyo International Forum
Rafael Viñoly
232Brooklyn Children’s Museum, New York
Rafael Viñoly
233CCTV Headquarters
Rem Koolhaas
234Casa da Música, Porto, Portugal
Rem Koolhaas
235Dee and Charles Wyly Theater, Dallas
Rem Koolhaas
236Centre Pompidou, Paris, France (1971–1977)
Renzo Piano
237Kansai International Airport, Osaka, Japan (1991–1994)
Renzo Piano
238NEMO Science Museum, Amsterdam
Renzo Piano
239Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre in Nouméa, New Caledonia (1991–1998)
Renzo Piano
240Maison Hermès in Ginza, Tokyo, Japan (1998–2
Renzo Piano
241The New York Times Building in New York City (2000–2007)
Renzo Piano
242The Shard, London (2012)
Renzo Piano
243Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art, Barcelona, S
Richard Meier
244Getty Center, Los Angeles, California
Richard Meier
245Kaufmann Desert House, in Palm Springs, California
Richard Neutra
246Centre Pompidou, Paris, France (1971–1977)
Richard Rogers
247Lloyd's Building, London (1986)
Richard Rogers
248Museum of the American Revolution in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, US, 2017
Robert A. M. Stern
249Comcast Center, Philadelphia, USA
Robert A. M. Stern
250Vanna Venturi House
Robert Venturi
251Olympic Sports Complex of Athens
Santiago Calatrava
252Milwaukee Art Museum
Santiago Calatrava
253Turning Torso, Malmö, Sweden
Santiago Calatrava
254World Trade Center Transportation Hub, New York City
Santiago Calatrava
255Auditorio de Tenerife
Santiago Calatrava
256Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge in Dallas, Texas
Santiago Calatrava
257City of Arts and Sciences and Opera House
Santiago Calatrava
258Takatori Catholic Church
Shigeru Ban
259Centre Pompidou-Metz
Shigeru Ban
260Aspen Art Museum, Aspen, Colorado United States
Shigeru Ban
261Mount Fuji World Heritage Centre, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka
Shigeru Ban
262John Hancock Center, Chicago, Illinois
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)
263Willis Tower / Sears Tower, Chicago, Illinois
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)
264Rowes Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)
265Burj Khalifa, Dubai
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)
266Church of the Light, Ibaraki, Osaka Prefecture
Tadao Ando
267Shanghai Poly Grand Theatre, China
Tadao Ando
268Diamond Ranch High School, California
Thom Mayne
269University of Toronto Graduate House (2000)
Thom Mayne
270Tower of Winds, Yokohama
Toyo Ito
271Tama Art University Library, Tokyo, Japan
Toyo Ito
272World Games Stadium, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Toyo Ito
273Hotel Porta Fira and Torre Realia BCN, Barcelona, Spain
Toyo Ito
274Facade of the Hôtel Tassel, Brussels (1893)
Victor Horta
275Hôtel Solvay, Brussels, Belgium (1895–1900)
Victor Horta
276Tatlinʼs Tower
Vladimir Yevgrafovich Tatlin
277Metropolitan Opera House “The Met”, Lincoln Center
Wallace Harrison
278United Nations Secretariat Building, New York
Wallace Harrison
279Bauhaus Building in Dessau
Walter Gropius
280Gropius House (1938) in Lincoln, Massachusetts
Walter Gropius
281Ningbo Museum, Zhejiang Province, China
Wang Shu
282Ceramic House, Jinhua, China
Wang Shu
283Isokon building, Hampstead, London
Wells Coates
284Embassy Court, United Kingdom
Wells Coates
285Chrysler Building (1928–30)
William Van Alen
286Vitra Fire Station in Weil am Rhein (1993)
Zaha Hadid
287Bergisel Ski Jump in Innsbruck (2002)
Zaha Hadid
288Phaeno Science Center in Wolfsburg (2005)
Zaha Hadid
289Administration building of BMW Factory in Leipzig (2005)
Zaha Hadid
290Extension of Ordrupgaard Museum in Copenhagen (2005)
Zaha Hadid
291Guangzhou Opera House in Guangzhou (2010)
Zaha Hadid
292Riverside Museum in Glasgow (2011)
Zaha Hadid
293London Aquatics Centre in London (2012)
Zaha Hadid
294Galaxy SOHO in Beijing (2012)
Zaha Hadid
295Masaryčka in Prague (2023)
Zaha Hadid