TOA Buildings

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1
Looshaus, Austria
Adolf Loos
2
Steiner House
Adolf Loos
3
Villa Müller
Adolf Loos
4
San Cataldo Cemetery, Modena (1971-84)
Aldo Rossi
5
Bonnefanten Museum, Maastricht (1990–94)
Aldo Rossi
6
Quartier Schützenstrasse, Berlin (1994–98)
Aldo Rossi
7
Mojiko Hotel, Kitakyushu (1996–98)
Aldo Rossi
8
Iberê Camargo Foundation in Porto Alegre
Álvaro Siza
9
the Serralves
Alvaro Siza
10
New Orleans Building
Alvaro Siza
11
Casa Fez, Porto, Portugal (took 12 years to complete)
Álvaro Siza
12
Casa Tolo
Álvaro Siza
13
Villa Mairea, Finland
Alvar Aalto
14
Viipuri Library
Alvar Aalto
15
Finlandia Hall
Alvar Aalto
16
The Baker House, Massachusetts
Alvar Aalto
17
Church of Santa Maria Assunta in Riola di Vergato, Italy
Alvar Aalto
18
Paimio Sanatorium
Alvar Aalto
19
Robert Hoag Rawlings Public Library
Antoine Predock
20
Trinity River Audubon Center
Antoine Predock
21
Canadian Museum for Human Rights, Canada
Antoine Predock
22
McNamara Alumni Center at Minnesota
Antoine Predock
23
Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, Paris (1913)
Auguste Perret
24
Notre Dame du Raincy (1922–23)
Auguste Perret
25
St. Joseph's Church, Le Havre (1951–58)
Auguste Perret
26
Casa Batlló, Spain
Antoni Gaudí
27
is only identifiable as Modernisme in the broadest sense. The ground floor, in particular, has unusual tracery, irregular oval windows and flowing sculpted stone work. There are few straight lines, and much of the façade is decorated with a colorful mosaic made of broken ceramic tiles (trencadís). The roof is arched and was likened to the back of a dragon or dinosaur. A common theory about the building is that the rounded feature to the left of centre, terminating at the top in a turret and cross, represents the lance of Saint George (patron saint of Catalonia, Gaudí's home), which has been plunged into the back of the drago
Casa Batlló
28
This became an UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005
Casa Batlló
29
Planned to be a spiritual symbol
Casa Milà
30
Sagrada Família
Antoni Gaudí
31
Casa Mila
Antoni Gaudí
32
Bellavista residential complex, Denmark
Arne Jacobsen
33
Bellevue Teatret
Arne Jacobsen
34
Stelling House
Arne Jacobsen
35
Soholm Row Houses
Arne Jacobsen
36
National Bank of Denmark
Arne Jacobsen
37
Moebius House
Ben Van Berkel
38
Erasmus Bridge
Ben Van Berkel
39
Mercedes-Benz Museum, Stuttgart, Germany
Ben Van Berkel
40
Burnham Pavilion, Millenium Park, Chicago, USA (2009)
Ben Van Berkel
41
United States Capitol, Washington D.C.
Benjamin Henry Latrobe
42
Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, otherwise known as the Baltimore Cathedral
Benjamin Henry Latrobe
43
Blue Condominium, New York
Bernard Tschumi
44
Parc de la Villette
Bernard Tschumi
45
Acropolis Museum Athens, Greece
Bernard Tschumi
46
Mountain Dwellings, Copenhagen, Denmark
Bjarke Ingels
47
8 House
Bjarke Ingels
48
Amager Bakke
Bjarke Ingels
49
Hualien Residences, Taiwan
Bjarke Ingels
50
VM Houses, Copenhagen, Denmark
Bjarke Ingels
51
The Montreal Biosphère, 1967
Buckminster Fuller
52
Glasgow School of Art on Renfrew Street, Garnethill in Glasgow, Scotland
Charles Rennie Mackintosh
53
Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumpur
Cesar Pelli
54
the World Financial Center in New York City
Cesar Pelli
55
Salesforce Tower, San Francisco
Cesar Pelli
56
National Crafts Museum
Charles Correa
57
Bharat Bhavan
Charles Correa
58
is a multi-arts center located in the city of Jaipur, India. It was built by the
Government of Rajasthan to preserve Rajasthani arts and crafts. The center has eight blocks housing museums, an amphitheater, a closed auditorium, a library, art display rooms, a cafeteria, a small hostel, and an art studio. It also houses two permanent art galleries and three others, and it hosts its yearly theatre festival.
The Jawahar Kala Kendra (JKK)
59
Jawahar Kala Kendra (JKK)
Charles Correa
60
Flatiron Building, Manhattan, New York City (originally Fuller Building)
Daniel Hudson Burnham
61
Washington Union Station in Washington D.C.
Daniel Hudson Burnham
62
770 Broadway, Lower Manhattan, New York City
Daniel Hudson Burnham
63
London's Selfridges department store
Daniel Hudson Burnham
64
San Francisco's Merchants Exchange
Daniel Hudson Burnham
65
Grand Canal Theatre in Dublin
Daniel Libeskind
66
Michael Lee-Chin Crystal in Toronto
Daniel Libeskind
67
Imperial War Museum, England
Daniel Libeskind
68
One of the most emotional and powerful spaces in the building is a 66’ tall void that runs through the entire building. The concrete walls add a cold, overwhelming atmosphere to the space where the only light emanates from a small slit at the top of the space. The ground is covered in 10,000
coarse iron faces. A symbol of those lost during the Holocaust; the building is less of a museum but an experience depicting what most cannot understand.
Jewish Museum, Berlin
69
Jewish Museum, Berlin
Daniel Libeskind
70
383 Madison Avenue, Midtown Manhattan, New York City; formerly known as the Bear Stearns Building
David Childs
71
Bertelsmann Building
David Childs
72
Worldwide Plaza
David Childs
73
Time Warner Center
David Childs
74
One World Trade Center Building (2022)
David Childs
75
The TWA Flight Center, also known as the Trans World Flight Center, is an airport terminal and hotel complex at John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) in New York City.
Eero Saarinen
76
Kleinhans Music Hall
Eero Saarinen
77
Christ Church Lutheran
Eero Saarinen
78
The Gateway Arch is a 630-foot-tall (192 m) monument in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Clad in stainless steel and built in the form of
a weighted catenary arch, it is the world's tallest arch and Missouri's
tallest accessible structure.
Eero Saarinen
79
National Museum of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
Eliel Saarinen
80
Vyborg (Viipuri) railway station built in 1913 was the second railway station built in Vyborg, Grand Duchy of Finland
Eliel Saarinen
81
Einstein Tower, Potsdam, Germany
Erich Mendelsohn
82
An astrophysical observatory in the Albert Einstein Science Park in Potsdam, Germany. The Tower was built by architect Erich Mendelsohn in 1924. It was built on the summit of the Potsdam Telegraphenberg to house a solar telescope designed by the astronomer Erwin Finlay- Freundlich. The telescope supports experiments and observations to validate (or disprove) Albert Einstein's relativity theory. Although Einstein never worked there, he supported the construction and operation of the telescope. Einstein Tower is a working solar observatory today as
part of the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam.
Einstein Tower, Potsdam, Germany
83
L'Oceanogràfic (El Oceanográfico), City of Arts and Sciences, Valencia, Spain
Felix Candela
84
An oceanarium situated in the Garden of the Turia to the southeast of the city center of Valencia, Spain, where different marine habitats are represented.
L'Oceanogràfic (El Oceanográfico), City of Arts and Sciences, Valencia, Spain
85
Der Neue Zollhof in Düsseldorf
Frank Gehry
86
Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain
Frank Gehry
87
Walt Disney Concert Hall, Los Angeles
Frank Gehry
88
Marqués de Riscal Vineyard Hotel, Spain
Frank Gehry
89
Dancing House, Prague
Frank Gehry
90
The Fish, Barcelona
Frank Gehry
91
Imperial Hotel
Frank Lloyd Wright
92
The Fallingwater
Frank Lloyd Wright
93
Guggenheim Museum, New York City
Frank Lloyd Wright
94
Robie House, Chicago, Illinois
Frank Lloyd Wright
95
With its architectural lightness and open concept under the curved tent
roof, the Olympic Stadium became the epitome of the cosmopolitan
and democratic guiding principle of the 1972 Summer Games.
Munich Olympic Stadium
96
Munich Olympic Stadium
Frei Otto
97
Garabit Viaduct
Alexandre Gustave Eiffel
98
Eiffel Tower
Alexandre Gustave Eiffel
99
Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium, Sendagaya Tokyo (1990)
Fumihiko Maki
100
Yokohama Island Tower, Yokohama (2003)
Fumihiko Maki
101
25 Martin Place (formerly and still commonly known as the MLC Centre), Sydney, Australia
Harry Seidler
102
Blues Point Tower
Harry Seidler
103
Australia Square Tower
Harry Seidler
104
Harry and Penelope Seidler House
Harry Seidler
105
Hong Kong Club Building
Harry Seidler
106
Riparian Plaza, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Harry Seidler
107
Rose Seidler House, New South Wales, Australia
Harry Seidler
108
Castel Beranger, the first Art Nouveau apartment building in Paris
Hector Guimard
109
The Maison Coilliot (Coilliot House), Lille, France
Hector Guimard
110
Hotel Guimard, Paris, France
Hector Guimard
111
Center Potsdamer Platz
Helmut Jahn
112
Trinity Church, Boston, Massachusetts
Henry Hobson Richardson
113
Marshall Field Wholesale Store (Chicago, 1885–1887, demolished 1930)
Henry Hobson Richardson
114
Villa Bloemenwerf, Brussels, Belgium
Henry van de Velde
115
Hohenhof, Hohenhagen in the city of Hagen, Germany
Henry van de Velde
116
Beurs van Berlage, Amsterdam
Hendrik Petrus Berlage
117
St. Hubertus Hunting Lodge, Hoge Veluwe National Park, Netherlands
Hendrik Petrus Berlage
118
131 Ponce de Leon Avenue, also known as the Gulf Oil Building
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
119
The Mesa Laboratory of the National Center for Atmospheric Research located in Boulder, Colorado.
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
120
John F. Kennedy Library
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
121
Louvre Pyramid
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
122
Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center, Dallas,
Texas, USA
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
123
The Macao Science Center in Macau
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
124
Dallas City Hall, Dallas, USA
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
125
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Cleveland, Ohio
Ieoh Ming Pei / I.M. Pei
126
The Queen's House at Greenwich, facing the River Thames
Inigo Jones
127
Banqueting House Whitehall
Inigo Jones
128
Elbphilharmonie (and Mahatma Gandhi bridge), Hamburg, Germany
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron
129
Prada Aoyama Store, Tokyo, Japan
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron
130
Beijing National Stadium, aka “The Bird’s Nest”
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron
131
M+, West Kowloon Cultural District of Hong Kong
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron
132
Tate Modern, London
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron
133
University of Leicester Engineering Building
James Stirling
134
History Faculty Library, University of Cambridge (1968)
James Stirling
135
Louvre Abu Dhabi (Exterior and Interior)
Jean Nouvel
136
One Central Park
Jean Nouvel
137
Torre Agbar
Jean Nouvel
138
Philharmonie de Paris
Jean Nouvel
139
National Museum of Qatar
Jean Nouvel
140
Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia
Jørn Utzon
141
National Assembly of Kuwait
Jørn Utzon
142
The Crystal Palace, Hyde Park, London
Joseph Paxton
143
was more than an architectural breakthrough; it was a statement of Britain’s global influence during the Victorian era. Hosting the first- ever world fair, the Great Exhibition of 1851, the structure drew six million visitors from across the globe. For the Victorians, it showcased the progress of human ingenuity and the fruits of industrialisation. Its halls displayed machinery, agricultural products, and fine art, symbolising the achievements of the Industrial Revolution.
Crystal Palace
144
Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum,
Naka-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
Kenzō Tange
145
Plan for Skopje
Kenzō Tange
146
Tokyo Olympic arenas
Kenzō Tange
147
Tokyo Cathedrale(St. Mary's Cathedral), Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
Kenzō Tange
148
Yoyogi National Gymnasium, Shibuya, Japan
Kenzō Tange
149
Supreme Court of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
Kenzō Tange
150
National Library, Singapore
Ken Yeang
151
Suasana PJH 2C5 in Putrajaya, Malaysia
Ken Yeang
152
Nakagin Capsule Tower, Ginza, Tokyo, Japan
Kisho Kurokawa
153
National Art Center, Tokyo, Japan
Kisho Kurokawa
154
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India
Louis Khan
155
Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban, Bangladesh
Louis Khan
156
Yale University Art Gallery
Louis Khan
157
Salk Institute
Louis Khan
158
Phillips Exeter Academy Library
Louis Khan
159
Kimbell Art Museum
Louis Khan
160
Chicago Stock Exchange Building
Louis Henry Sullivan
161
Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox Cathedral, Chicago, Illinois
Louis Henry Sullivan
162
Harold C. Bradley House (ca. 1909) Madison, Wisconsin
Louis Henry Sullivan
163
Merchants' National Bank, Grinnell, Iowa
Louis Henry Sullivan
164
The model of the Plan Voisin for the reconstruction of Paris displayed at the Pavilion of the Esprit Nouveau
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
165
The Pavilion of the Esprit Nouveau (1925), Paris, France
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
166
Villa Savoye
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
167
Notre-Dame du Haut, Ronchamp, France (1955)
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
168
Church of Saint-Pierre, Firminy
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
169
Palace of Assembly, Chandigarh, India
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
170
The National Museum of Western Art in Tokyo (1954–1959)
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
171
Unité d'Habitation of Berlin
Le Corbusier / Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
172
Brasília, Brazil
Lucio Costa
173
Barcelona Pavilion, Barcelona, Spain
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
174
Villa Wolf, Gubin, Poland
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
175
S. R. Crown Hall
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
176
330 North Wabash (formerly IBM Plaza also known as IBM
Building and now renamed AMA Plaza), Chicago, Illinois
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
177
John C. Kluczynski Federal Building, Chicago, Illinois
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
178
Seagram Building, New York City
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
179
Edith Farnsworth House, Plano, Illinois
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
180
The IBM La Gaude Study and Research Centre
Marcel Breuer
181
945 Madison Avenue
Marcel Breuer
182
Wassily Chair
Marcel Breuer
183
Cesca Chair
Marcel Breuer
184
The original World Trade Center
Minoru Yamasaki
185
Pruitt–Igoe, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
Minoru Yamasaki
186
Portland Building, Oregon
Michael Graves
187
Humana Building
Michael Graves
188
Denver Public Library, Colorado
Michael Graves
189
Virasat-e-Khalsa, Punjab, India
Moshe Safdie
190
Habitat 67, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Moshe Safdie
191
Shiseido Forest Valley at Jewel Changi Airport
Moshe Safdie
192
Topmost level at Jewel Changi Airport
Moshe Safdie
193
Marina Bay Sands, Singapore
Moshe Safdie
194
Jewel Changi Airport, Singapore
Moshe Safdie
195
HSBC Main Building
Norman Foster
196
Century Tower
Norman Foster
197
The Gherkin
Norman Foster
198
London City Hall, Bermondsey, London
Norman Foster
199
Southwark bank of the River Thames, near Tower Bridge
Norman Foster
200
Hearst Tower, Manhattan, New York
Norman Foster
201
Apple Park, also known as Apple Campus 2, Cupertino, California
Norman Foster
202
The National Congress of Brazil, Brasília
Oscar Niemeyer
203
Cathedral of Brasília, hyperboloid structure
Oscar Niemeyer
204
Palácio do Planalto, the official workplace of the president of Brazil
Oscar Niemeyer
205
Niterói Contemporary Art Museum, Brazil
Oscar Niemeyer
206
Majolika House
Otto Wagner
207
First Wagner Villa
Otto Wagner
208
Boston Government Services Center / Charles F. Hurley Building, Boston, Massachusetts
Paul Rudolph
209
Lippo Centre (Hong Kong)
Paul Rudolph
210
Saint Peter Chapel, São Paulo (1987)
Paulo Mendes da Rocha
211
Paulistano Athletic Club Gymnasium, São Paulo
Paulo Mendes da Rocha
212
AEG Turbine Hall, Berlin
Peter Behrens
213
Mannesmann-Werke, district of Carlstadt
Peter Behrens
214
Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe / Holocaust Memorial
Peter Eisenman
215
City of Culture in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
Peter Eisenman
216
St. Benedict Chapel, Switzerland
Peter Zumthor
217
Therme Vals, Switzerland
Peter Zumthor
218
Glass House, New Canaan, Connecticut
Philip Johnson
219
550 Madison Avenue, formerly known as the Sony Tower, Sony Plaza, and AT&T Building, Manhattan, New York
Philip Johnson
220
Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute, Utica NY
Philip Johnson
221
Christ Cathedral, Garden Grove, California
Philip Johnson
222
190 South La Salle Street in Chicago.
Philip Johnson
223
Red House, Bexleyheath, designed by Webb for William Morris
Philip Webb
224
The Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption,
San Francisco, California
Pier Luigi Nervi
225
Norfolk Scope, Norfolk, Virginia
Pier Luigi Nervi
226
Pirelli Tower, Milan, Italy
Pier Luigi Nervi
227
The Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption, San Francisco, California
Pietro Belluschi
228
Equitable Building, New York
Pietro Belluschi
229
Kursaal Congress Centre and Auditorium, Spain
Rafael Moneo
230
National Museum of Roman Art, Mérida, Spain
Rafael Moneo
231
Tokyo International Forum
Rafael Viñoly
232
Brooklyn Children’s Museum, New York
Rafael Viñoly
233
CCTV Headquarters
Rem Koolhaas
234
Casa da Música, Porto, Portugal
Rem Koolhaas
235
Dee and Charles Wyly Theater, Dallas
Rem Koolhaas
236
Centre Pompidou, Paris, France (1971–1977)
Renzo Piano
237
Kansai International Airport, Osaka, Japan (1991–1994)
Renzo Piano
238
NEMO Science Museum, Amsterdam
Renzo Piano
239
Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre in Nouméa, New Caledonia (1991–1998)
Renzo Piano
240
Maison Hermès in Ginza, Tokyo, Japan (1998–2
Renzo Piano
241
The New York Times Building in New York City (2000–2007)
Renzo Piano
242
The Shard, London (2012)
Renzo Piano
243
Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art, Barcelona, S
Richard Meier
244
Getty Center, Los Angeles, California
Richard Meier
245
Kaufmann Desert House, in Palm Springs, California
Richard Neutra
246
Centre Pompidou, Paris, France (1971–1977)
Richard Rogers
247
Lloyd's Building, London (1986)
Richard Rogers
248
Museum of the American Revolution in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, US, 2017
Robert A. M. Stern
249
Comcast Center, Philadelphia, USA
Robert A. M. Stern
250
Vanna Venturi House
Robert Venturi
251
Olympic Sports Complex of Athens
Santiago Calatrava
252
Milwaukee Art Museum
Santiago Calatrava
253
Turning Torso, Malmö, Sweden
Santiago Calatrava
254
World Trade Center Transportation Hub, New York City
Santiago Calatrava
255
Auditorio de Tenerife
Santiago Calatrava
256
Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge in Dallas, Texas
Santiago Calatrava
257
City of Arts and Sciences and Opera House
Santiago Calatrava
258
Takatori Catholic Church
Shigeru Ban
259
Centre Pompidou-Metz
Shigeru Ban
260
Aspen Art Museum, Aspen, Colorado United States
Shigeru Ban
261
Mount Fuji World Heritage Centre, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka
Shigeru Ban
262
John Hancock Center, Chicago, Illinois
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)
263
Willis Tower / Sears Tower, Chicago, Illinois
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)
264
Rowes Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)
265
Burj Khalifa, Dubai
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)
266
Church of the Light, Ibaraki, Osaka Prefecture
Tadao Ando
267
Shanghai Poly Grand Theatre, China
Tadao Ando
268
Diamond Ranch High School, California
Thom Mayne
269
University of Toronto Graduate House (2000)
Thom Mayne
270
Tower of Winds, Yokohama
Toyo Ito
271
Tama Art University Library, Tokyo, Japan
Toyo Ito
272
World Games Stadium, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Toyo Ito
273
Hotel Porta Fira and Torre Realia BCN, Barcelona, Spain
Toyo Ito
274
Facade of the Hôtel Tassel, Brussels (1893)
Victor Horta
275
Hôtel Solvay, Brussels, Belgium (1895–1900)
Victor Horta
276
Tatlinʼs Tower
Vladimir Yevgrafovich Tatlin
277
Metropolitan Opera House “The Met”, Lincoln Center
Wallace Harrison
278
United Nations Secretariat Building, New York
Wallace Harrison
279
Bauhaus Building in Dessau
Walter Gropius
280
Gropius House (1938) in Lincoln, Massachusetts
Walter Gropius
281
Ningbo Museum, Zhejiang Province, China
Wang Shu
282
Ceramic House, Jinhua, China
Wang Shu
283
Isokon building, Hampstead, London
Wells Coates
284
Embassy Court, United Kingdom
Wells Coates
285
Chrysler Building (1928–30)
William Van Alen
286
Vitra Fire Station in Weil am Rhein (1993)
Zaha Hadid
287
Bergisel Ski Jump in Innsbruck (2002)
Zaha Hadid
288
Phaeno Science Center in Wolfsburg (2005)
Zaha Hadid
289
Administration building of BMW Factory in Leipzig (2005)
Zaha Hadid
290
Extension of Ordrupgaard Museum in Copenhagen (2005)
Zaha Hadid
291
Guangzhou Opera House in Guangzhou (2010)
Zaha Hadid
292
Riverside Museum in Glasgow (2011)
Zaha Hadid
293
London Aquatics Centre in London (2012)
Zaha Hadid
294
Galaxy SOHO in Beijing (2012)
Zaha Hadid
295
Masaryčka in Prague (2023)
Zaha Hadid
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