Lesson 3

• The word art etymologically comes from the Aryan root “ar”
• Latin term “sars”
• Art has a skillful arrangement or compositions
• Art is subjective
• Art provides enjoyment

• anything that serve purposes far beyond mundane survival (uncultured will)
• The human need for expression
• The social need for display, celebration and communication
• The physical needs for functional objects

Ludwig van Beethoven
(An apocryphal tale sprung up in the mid-19th century (after Beethoven's death) about how Beethoven met a blind girl playing the piano and was so moved by her and the moonlight streaming in the room that he was inspired to rush home and write down the piece)

PLATO (428-347 BCE)

ARISTOTLE

Things and events which have been or still are;
Things which are said to be seen and are probable; and
Things which essentially are

IMMANUEL KANT

an artist as “a person who creates art (such as painting, sculpture, music, or writing) using conscious skill and creative imagination” and an artisan as “a worker who practices a trade or handicraft”.

• Guillermo Tolentino
• Fernando Amorsolo
• Benedicto Cabrera
• Whang-od Ogga

• Teofilo Garcia
• Lang Dulay
• Siegrid Bangyay

Here’s what each of them is famous for:

Guillermo Tolentino: Renowned Filipino sculptor known for creating the Bonifacio Monument and the Oblation statue at the University of the Philippines, symbolizing freedom and nationalism.

Fernando Amorsolo: Celebrated as the first National Artist of the Philippines, famous for his paintings depicting rural life, vibrant landscapes, and iconic images of Filipino culture, particularly in Dalagang Bukid and Planting Rice.

Benedicto Cabrera (Bencab): Acclaimed Filipino painter and National Artist known for his expressive, often socially charged works that highlight Filipino identity and culture, including his well-known Sabel series.

Whang-od Ogga: Known as the oldest traditional tattoo artist (mambabatok) from the Kalinga tribe, famous for preserving the ancient Filipino art of batok (hand-tapping tattoo) in Buscalan, Philippines, attracting international admiration.

Teofilo Garcia: A master craftsman from Abra, Philippines, known for making tabungaw hats, traditional Filipino headgear crafted from hollowed-out gourd (upo), recognized as a National Living Treasure for preserving this unique craft.

Lang Dulay: A celebrated T'boli weaver and National Living Treasure from South Cotabato, Philippines, known for her exquisite t'nalak cloth, woven from abaca fibers and depicting traditional patterns inspired by T'boli culture.

Siegrid Bangyay: An artisan from the Cordillera region, renowned for her skill in creating traditional Cordilleran baskets, weaving techniques, and crafts, preserving the heritage of indigenous Filipino weaving practices.