PART 4

Hydrogen adds to an alkyne in the
presence of a metal catalyst such as

The product of the hydrogenation
reaction, therefore, is an

Used to treat seizure disorders,
mental/mood conditions (such as manic
phase of bipolar disorder)
- alkene

Sedative-hypnotic
- alkene

Also known as angel dust or PCP
- phenylcyclohexyl piperidine
Dissociative hallucinogenic drug used for
its mind-altering effects
- Cycloalkane and cycloalkene

Used to control absence seizures (petit
mal)

Anesthetic, anticonvulsant, anxiolytics,
sedative, hypnotic

A synthetic, non-steroidal form of
estrogen
- Well known teratogen and carcinogen

Manufacture of poly vinyl chloride (PVC)

Manufacture of dyes and optical
brighteners, and also as phosphor
(luminescence) and a scintillator

Acts as a suicide inactivator of
cytochrome P450 by covalently binding
to its heme moiety or surrounding protein

Is a volatile, inhalational, anesthetic, and
was the first halogenated hydrocarbon
anesthetic to be introduced

Anti-leukemic agent

Antiretroviral medication used to treat
and prevent HIV/AIDS

was first isolated in
1825 by English chemist Michael Faraday
from the oily residues after heating whale oil
under pressure to produce a gas used to
illuminate buildings in London.

In 1834, aromatic hydrocarbons were prepared from

a compound obtained by
chemical degradation of gum benzoin, the
fragrant balsam exuded by a tree that grows
on the island of Java, Indonesia.

an Austrian
Chemist, recognized in 1861 that most
aromatic substances have formulas that can
be derived from benzene by replacing one or
more hydrogens by other atoms or groups

is the parent
hydrocarbon of the especially stable
compounds known as aromatic compounds

came to
mean any compound structurally derived
from benzene

In addition to benzene, other
examples include

are either liquids or solids at
room temperature; none are gases

Aromatic hydrocarbons are insoluble in
water

The most common reactions of aromatic
compounds involve

is the usual temperature

The bromination, iodination, and
chlorination of benzene requires a Lewis
acid such as

Electrophilic Iodine is obtained by
treating I2 with an oxidizing agent such as

Nitration of benzene with nitric acid
requires

Protonate nitric acid and requires

strong acid
because of the three electron-
withdrawing oxygen atoms and the
stability of its conjugate base