DOSAGE FORMS PART 4

Pyroxylin is also known as

produced though the action of nitric acid and sulfuric acid (3:1)on purified cotton

are liquid preparations composed of pyroxylin dissolved in a
nonaqueous solvent mixture usually composed of alcohol and
ether, with or without added medicinal substances

prepared by the addition of castor oil (3%) (for flexibility)
and camphor (for water-proofing) (2%) to collodion

are aqueous solutions designed to be administered to
the nasal passages in drops or sprays

vehicle used is usually water, but a co-solvent system
may be used

are intended for installation into the ear
- vehicle: water or glycerin, or co-solvent
- may contain preservatives, buffer, antioxidants,
viscosity agents and surfactants

are sterile, pyrogen-free and particle-free
solutions, suitably compounded and packaged
for instillation into the eye
- contains water, preservatives, buffer,
antioxidants, tonicity adjustors, viscosity
enhancers

pH level of Opthalmic Solution

sterile solutions used to wash or bathe surgical incisions, wounds or body tissues
- should be labeled “Not for Injection” and “For Irrigation Only”
- pH and isotonicity must be considered

▪ Injected through the skin or directly into the
blood vessel, muscle, organ or tissue.
▪ Must conforms with strict requirements for
microbiological impurity, particulate matter and
pyrogenicity.

▪ Special manufacturing equipment and facilities are
needed.
▪ pH and isotonicity must be given specially
consideration.

Alternative when patient is unable to take
medication by mouth.
For drugs that are inactivated by gastric acid or first
pass effect.

When drug action is required immediately
4When drug are to be delivered to an organ, lesion
muscle or a nerve.

The liquid which consist of two phases are known
as a biphasic liquid dosage forms.

2 different form of Biphasic liquid
Dosage forms

both phases are available in liquid

finely divided solid
particles are suspended in liquid medium.

biphasic liquid preparations containing two
immiscible liquid (Continuous Phase & dispersed phase) made
missicible.

The liquid which is converted into minute globules is called as

the liquid in which the globules are dispersed
is called the

thermodynamically unstable system
consisting of at least two immiscible liquid phases one of
which is dispersed as globules in the other liquid phase
stabilized by a third substance called emulsifying agent.

The globule size in emulsion varies from

- Oral products and external, washable
products

Used for external preparations when
emollient, lubricating, or protective properties
are desired

appear translucent or transparent and have
droplet diameter in the nanometer size range

– (water+emulsifier) + oil (slowly)
– O/W

– (oil+emulsifier) + water (rapidly)
– 4:2:1 Oil + Water + Surfactant

– O:W:E (3,2,1) (2,1,1)
– For Volatile oil

– Alkali + FA (50:30)
– Soap form as Emulsifier