1a heterogeneous group of diseases of the endocrine system with common symptoms
Diabetes
2fasting glucose of 100-125 mg/dL
Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG)
32 hour post challenge glucose of 140 to 199 mg/dL
Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT)
4Increased blood sugar
Hyperglycemia
5Excessive thirst
Polydipsia
6Excessive urination
Polyuria
7Increased appetite
Polyphagia
8Accumulation of ketone bodies
Ketosis
9Excretion of sugar in urine
Glycosuria
10Excretion of ketone bodies in urine
Ketonuria
11Decreased capacity of the tissues to heal leads to?
Gangrene
12What are the antagonists of insulin? (3)
1. Glucagon
2. Adrenal Glucocorticoids
3. Growth Hormone
13T or F: There is not a "one size fits all eating pattern for individuals with diabetes"
True!
14A1C levels must decrease by
_ to _% in Type I DM
_ to _% in Type II DM
1.0 to 1.9% in Type I DM
0.3 to 2% in Type II DM
15What are the MNT Goals in those with diabetes? (4)
1. Normal or as near normal as possible glucose, lipids, and BP
2. Prevent or slow down the rate of development of chronic complications
3. Address individual nutrition needs
4. Maintain pleasure of eating by only limiting food choices when indicated by scientific evidence
16What is the recommended diet for DM? (3)
Low Kcal - for weight loss
Mediterranean eating pattern
Low Carbohydrate
17What are the MNT goals for Type I DM?
1. Adequate energy
2. Total carbohydrate content
3. Consistency of carbohydrate intake
18What is CAMP COPE?
Children Overcoming Diabetes Problems Everywhere
19What is the duration of Short-acting, Intermediate, and Long-acting Insulin?
Short-acting: 6-8 hours
Intermediate: 28-30 hours
Long-acting: 24-36 hours
20Make-up Diet
CHO: _% convertible to glucose
PRO: _% convertible to glucose
FAT: _% convertible to glucose
100, 58, 10
21What are the MNT goals for Type 2 DM? (5)
1. Mild to moderate weight loss even if DBW is not achieved
2. Nutritional balance
3. Meal spacing
4. Physical activity
5. Coordinating insulin and exercise through meal timing
22What is the recommended CPF Distribution for DM?
C: 45 - 60%
P: 15 - 20%
F: 20 - 30%
23Body weight is found to affect (3)
1. Insulin requirements
2. Insulin resistance
3. Subsequent management of blood glucose
24For DM patients with Hypertension, how much sodium?
Mild to Moderate Hypertension:
With nephropathy, hypertension and edema:
<2400 mg/day
<2000 mg/day
251 drink is equally to?
_ oz of beer
_ oz of wine
_ oz of 80 proof spirits
12, 5, 1.5