1composed of the bones cartilages, joints and muscles of the body together with associated structures such as ligaments and tendons
Musculoskeletal System
2The MS consitutes more than _% of the body
70%
3MS disorders can adversely affect?
- Respiration
- Digestion
- Nervous system function
- Nutritional Status
4loss of bone mass and deterioation of the bone microarchitecture compromised bone strength and susceptibility to fracture and morbidity
Osteoporosis
5stoped over posture, also called the dowager's hump
Kyphosis
6How do you diagnose Osteoporosis? What is the T-score indicative of Osteoprosis?
Measure bone mineral density, 2.5 or less
7MNT goal for Osteoporosis?
Slow down rate of bone mineral loss and BMD
8What microminerals must be adequate for patients with Osteoporosis?
Calcium and Vitamin D
9a disease the occurs during periods of bone growth, failure of bone osteoid to calcify among children and adolescents
Rickets
10develops after bone growth is complete, failure of bone osteoid to calcify in adults
Osteomalacia
11What is the MNT for Rickets and Osteomalacia?
Vitamin D: 600 IU for 1-70 years old; 800 IU for over age 70
Elemental calcium: 1500 to 2000 mg
12formally known as degenerative joint disease, more specifically the joint cartilage. there are cartilage fragments in the fluid
Osteoarthritis
13This test will look for infection or crystals in the fluid; results can help rule out other medical conditions or other forms of arthritis
Joint Aspiration or Joint Fluid Analysis
14This test can show joint or bone damage or changes related to osteoarthritis
X-ray
15This test gives a better view of cartilage and other parts of the joint
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
16MNT for Osteoarthritis? (3)
1. Balanced diet, appropriate for weight management
2. Anti-inflammatory diet
3. Adequate Vitamin D and Calcium
17a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease in which the synovial membrane of the joints become inflammed
Rheumatoid Arthritis
18This test are markers for inflammation
Erthrocyte Sedimination Rate and C-Reactive Protein
19Antibody found in about 80 percent of people with rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
20This test helps track the progression of rheumatoid arthritis in the joints over time
Imaging Test
21What is the MNT for Rheumatoid Arthritis? (5)
1. Balanced diet appropriate for weight management
2. Anti-inflammatory diet
3. Adequate Vitamin D and Calcium
4. Avoid allergens
5. Supplement Omega-3 PUFA
22inflammatory disease that develops when the serum concentration of uric acids becomes elevated forming "urate crystaals that precipitate in the synovial fluid, initiating an inflammatory response within the joints and the surrounding tissues
Gout
23End product of the metabolism of purine adenine and guanine from the DNA and RNA
Uric Acid
24Body urate pool
Endogenous production from degradation of purine = _
Dietary origin =_
2/3, 1/3
25Results from overproduction of uric acids and inadequate elimination of uric acid where 70% is ecreted via the kidney
Hyperuricemia
26It is a poor solvent for uric acid, particularly at temperatures less than 37 degree celsius. It has a lower temperature in joints like the big toe
Synovial Fluid
27What is the MNT for Gout?
1. Achieveing and maintaining healthy body weight
2. Moderate alcohol consumption
3. Balanced diet
4. Low fat, low purine diet
5. Limit HFCS
6. Ensure adeqaure hydration