1Because of humans, the atmosphere is drastically changing. CO2 has gone from ___ppm to ___ppm
280, 415
2Emissions of soulful dioxide and NO are cause what two negative things?
Acid precipitation and deposition
3By 2025, how many people will live in cities?
5 billion
4Explain some facts about agriculture and fisheries
- 75% of major fish species are now fully exploited or over exploited
- aquaculture is now producing more than 50% of the worlds demand for fish and shellfish
- aquaculture may supply 2/3 of the worlds sea food requirements by 2030
5How many people are chronically undernourished?
About 800 million people (40 million die from under nutrition and malnutrition)
6How many people live on less than 1.9 US dollars per day?
735 million people
7How much has water consumption increased by since 1900?
600%
8How much ppm could CO2 increase by in 2050?
600ppm
9Human population is currently _______ people, by 2050 there will be about ________ people
8.0 Billion, 9 to 10 Billion
10Least develop3 countries only control ___% of the worlds wealth, yet make up. ___% of the human population
12%, 85%
11Many people in LCD’s live in drought prone areas, how many people don’t have access to safe drinking water?
1.1 billion people (15 million people per year die because of polluted water)
12Scientists argue the environment is changing quickly because of …
1. Resource use
2. The production of the by-products from resource use
13The average number of children born per woman was 5 in 1960, what is it now?
2.45
14What are some improvements in LDC’s?
- demographic measures
- status of women
15What has developed over poles because of CFC emissions?
Ozone holes (production of CFC has been banned globally since 1994)
16What is a resource?
Anything an organism uses and consumes from the environment
17What is deposition?
The laying down of sediment carried by wind, water, the sea, or ice
18What is the result of the increase in human population?
1. Excessive resource consumption, which then leads to a higher environmental change pace (aka degradation)
19Over the last 3 centuries, what percentage of the forest land cover has been reduced?
24%
20What percentage of the Earths land is now influenced by human activity?
40%
21who are the common victims and agents of environmental degradation?
the poor
22what is enviornmental degradation?
the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources, destruction of ecosystems, and extinction of wildlife
23what is Paul Ehrlichs I=PAT model?
Impact = Population x Affluence x Technology
24poor countries tend to be located in the _________ hemesphere, while rich countries tend to be located in the ________ hemesphere
southern, northern
25what is a non-renuable resource?
a resource that is exhaustible (available in a fixed amount)
26what is a renewable resource?
resource that can renew itself
27what is a sustained yield?
the highest rate of renewable resource consumption that can occur without decreasing the potential for renewal
28what is a perpetual resource?
a resource that is virtually inexhaustible
29what can determine what is classified as a resource?
cultural beliefs
30what is a carrying capacity?
the maximum size of population of a single species that a certain habitat can support
31what are the four distinct stages in the history of human influence on the enviornment through resource use?
1. tool making revolution, 2. agricultural revolution, 3. Industrial Revolution, 4. information revolution
32what are the four distinct stages of changing attitudes towards the enviornment?
1. pragmatic resource conservation / 2. moral and aesthetic nature preservation/ 3. health and ecological damage concerns / 4. global enviornmental citizenship
33expand on pragmatic resource conservation
reaction to the the agricultural and Industrial Revolution, slightly utilitarian, with help Roosevelt established the national forest, park and wildlife refugee systems
34expand on moral and aesthetic nature preservation (aka bio centric preservation)
nature deserves to exist for its own sake, organisms have rights
35expand on health and ecological damage concerns
after WWII concerns raised about the enviornment including fossil fuels, weapons testing, air and water pollution, and wilderness protection
36expand on global environmental citizenship
information technology is used to talk about the state of earth, problems are reported world wide instead of locally and are being recognized.
37what is the goal of the conservation movement and why was it formed?
to protect natural resources, including living organisms. it came to be because of enviornmental degradation to fisheries, wildlife, water, and soil
38who has the earliest recorded concern for natural resources ?
John Evelyn
39the scientific process consists what of two processes?
1. explanation: relating observed reality to a system of concepts, theories, laws, or empirically based generalizations. 2. confirmation: uses the process of observation, hypothesis testing, prediction, and experimentation to determine the correctness of our understanding
40what is sustainable development?
development that meets that needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs