All cards
1
Forumula for population change? What do crude birth rate and crude death rate mean?
2
How to approximate doubling time?
3
Global fertility rates: what rates are involved and what are their meanings?
replacement level fertility is always slightly over 2. This is the rate that keeps a population the same size (not including migration)
4
have global fertility rates increased or decreased in the past 50 years?
decreased
5
generally, which has higher FERTILITY rates: "more developed" or "less developed" countries?
"less developed" countries have higher fertility rates overall
6
generally, which has higher LIFE EXPECTANCIES: "more developed" or "less developed" countries?
"more developed" countries have higher fertility rates overall
7
Factors Affecting Birth and Fertility Rates
DONT NEED TO MEMORISE THESE ALL JUST KNOW THE JIST
1. Children in the labour force
2. Cost of raising and educating children
3. Availability of pension systems <- better support for seniors means that they don't need to rely on children as much to support them, meaning they font need to have as many kids
4. Urbanization <- better access to family planning
5. Education and employment for women
6. Infant mortality rate
7. Average marrying age
8. Availability of legal abortions
9. Availability of birth control
Other factors can include cultral and religious beliefs, ie. encouraging larger families, being against abortion or birth control, lack of seperation of church and state, etc
1. Children in the labour force
2. Cost of raising and educating children
3. Availability of pension systems <- better support for seniors means that they don't need to rely on children as much to support them, meaning they font need to have as many kids
4. Urbanization <- better access to family planning
5. Education and employment for women
6. Infant mortality rate
7. Average marrying age
8. Availability of legal abortions
9. Availability of birth control
Other factors can include cultral and religious beliefs, ie. encouraging larger families, being against abortion or birth control, lack of seperation of church and state, etc
8
Factors Affecting Death Rates
9
Types of population age structures
10
Age Structure in Developed vs. Developing Countries
11
What does family planning mean/include?
Educational and clinical services:
• Birth spacing
• Birth control - access to safe and reliable contraceptives
• Health care
includes safe, accessible, legal abortions
• Birth spacing
• Birth control - access to safe and reliable contraceptives
• Health care
includes safe, accessible, legal abortions
12
does family planning increase or decrease fertility rates? why?
decreases
lowers amount of unwanted/ unplanned pregancies
lowers amount of unwanted/ unplanned pregancies
13
What is the key factor in influencing (reducing) population size?
14
What Can We Do to Slow Population Growth?
• Universal access to family planning and health care
• National population policies
• Improve status of women
• Increase education, particularly for girls
• Increase male involvement in
parenting
• Reduce poverty
• Reduce unsustainable
consumption
• National population policies
• Improve status of women
• Increase education, particularly for girls
• Increase male involvement in
parenting
• Reduce poverty
• Reduce unsustainable
consumption
15
Is controlling human population growthis a key factor in environmental and economic sustainability?
Yes