02: Human Body in Health and Disease

the study of the functions of the structures of the body

the underdevelopment of an organ or tissue, usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells

pertaining to

inflammation of the peritoneum

in, within, inside

secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body

the study of disease: its nature and cause, as well as the produced changes in structure and function

a physician specializing in the care of critically ill patients hospitalized in the ICU

disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

also known as as a contagious disease, is any condition that is transmitted from one person to another either directly or by indirect contact with contaminated objects

the congenital absence or narrowing of a normal body opening or passage

situated in the front. also means on the front or forward part of an organ

also known as the chest cavity or thorax, surrounds the heart and the lungs

back of the organ or body

a sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area

a fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

situated in the back. also means of the back part of an organ

an unfavorable response due to the prescribed medical treatment

backwards

the spread of pathogens through infected blood or other body fluids

population

the complete set of genetic information of an organism

toward the lower part of the body

also known as a hospital-acquired-infection (HAI) is a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting

the space formed by the hipbones and contains the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems

out of, outside, away from

specialist

entire

before, front

a deviation from what is regarded as normal

control, maintenance of a constant level

any disease without unknown cause

located behind the peritoneum

a multi layered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity

situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure

produce hormones, do not have ducts

a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

also known as the midline, is the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves

the processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment

cell

the direction toward, or nearer, the midline

the study of the functions of the structures of the body

population

development, growth, formation

gland

the defective development, or the congenital absence, of an organ or tissue

a genetic structure located within the nucleus of each cell

head

an outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide

field of medicine

the front, or belly side, of the organ or body

cell

in, within, inside

situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure

a benign tumor that starts in the epithelial tissue of a gland or gland-like structure

the science or study of

tumor

cause

a general increase in the bulk of the body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size, but not the number, of cells in the tissues

development, growth, formation

lower part of body, tail

behind, toward the back

also known as a hereditary disease, is a pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene

relating to the groin, refers to the entire lower area of the abdomen

the ongoing presence of a disease within a population, group, or area

contains the major organs of digestion

tissue

the abnormal development or growth of cells, or the presence of abnormal cells within a type of tissue

fat

commonly known as the belly button or navel; this pit in the center of the abdominal wall marks the point where the umbilical cord was attached before birth

a hereditary bleeding disorder in which a blood-clotting factor is missing

an insect bite, the spread of certain disease through blood-sucking vectors

also known as a non-organic disorder, produces physical symptoms for which no disease or other organic cause can be identified

disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

above

the study of the causes of diseases or abnormal conditions

bad

toward the head

located above the stomach

an illness caused by living, pathogenic organisms, such as bacteria and viruses

the microscopic study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues

development, growth, formation

the material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus

an abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth

located below the stomach

a malignant tumor that originates in the glands and may spread to other parts of the body

the study of the structures of the body

control, maintenance of a constant level

unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division

an increase in the number of cells and a tissue or organ

a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other

nature, physical