1All (but one) facial expression muscles are innervated by what nerve?
CN VII (facial nerve)
2What muscle is the one exception to facial muscles being innervated by CN VII? What is it innervated by?
Levator palpebrae superioris, CN III (Oculomotor)
3What facial muscle is on the top of the head(both names)? What are the 3 parts?
occipitofrontalis(epicranius), consists of frontalis, occipitalis, and galea aponeurotica
4What two muscles have opposite actions of pulling the scalp forward and backward?
occipitalis and frontalis
5What muscle flares the nostrils?
nasalis
6What muscle draws the angle of the mouth laterally? (white guy smile)
risorius m. (the dino with the most rizz)
7What muscle puckers the lips and closes the mouth?
orbicularis oris
8What muscle raises the upper lid?
levator palpebrae superioris
9What muscle pulls the eyebrows medially and inferiorly?
procerus (processing face)
10What is the Elvis muscle?
levator labii superioris
11What are the smile muscles (2)?
zygomatius major and minor
12What is the frown muscle?
depressor anguli oris
13What is the pout muscle?
depressor labii inferioris
14All muscles of mastication are innervated by what nerve? What division?
Mandibular division(V3) of CN V (trigeminal)
15What are the muscles of mastication? Which are prime movers(elevation) and which grind?
masseter and temporalis are the prime movers, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid grind
16What is the origin of the temporalis muscle?
Temporal fossa, temporal lines
17What is the insertion of the temporalis muscle?
Coronoid process of the mandible
18What is the action of the temporalis muscle?
Elevation of the mandible; posterior fibers can retract
19What is the origin of the masseter muscle?
Zygomatic arch
20What is the insertion of the masseter muscle?
Ramus of the mandible, coronoid process
21What are the primary and secondary actions of the masseter muscle?
Elevation of the mandible; Protraction of the mandible,
Retract the mandible
22What is the origin of the lateral pterygoid muscle?
Infratemporal surface of the sphenoid (superior head) and the lateral pterygoid plate (inferior head)
23What is the insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle?
Anterior side of the condylar process of the mandible, capsule and disc of the TMJ
24What actions does the lateral pterygoid muscle perform?
Protraction and lateral deviation
25What is the origin of the medial pterygoid muscle?
Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate
26What is the insertion of the medial pterygoid muscle?
Medial aspect of the angle and ramus of the mandible
27What are the actions of the medial pterygoid muscle?
Elevation, lateral deviation, protraction of the mandible
28What are the extrinsic muscles of the eye?
Superior, Inferior, Medial, and Lateral rectus, superior oblique and inferior oblique
29How do we remember what nerve innervates the extrinsic muscles of the eye?
SO4 LR6 All else 3
30What cranial nerve innervates the superior oblique eye muscle?
CN4(trochlear)
31What cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye?
CN6 (abducence)
32What cranial nerve innervates the extrinsic muscles of the eye? All?
CN3 except superior oblique and lateral rectus
33What nerve innervates the palatoglossus muscle?
CN X
34What nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue? All of them?
Hypoglossal nerve XII, except palatoglosus
35What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus
36What muscle of the tongue depresses and protracts the tongue?
Genioglossus m. "genio = chin-io"
37What muscle connects the tongue to the hyoid bone, depresses and retracts the tongue?
Hyoglossus m.
38What connects the tongue to the styloid process?
Styloglossus m.
39What connects the tongue to the palate, elevates the posterior tongue and depresses the palate?
Palatoglossus
40What is the origin of the Platysma?
Skin of the infraclavicular region
41What is the insertion of the Platysma?
Mandible, muscles of the lower lip
42What is one action of the Platysma?
Tense the skin of the neck and Assists to depress the lower lip
43What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)?
Manubrium of the sternum and medial aspect of the clavicle
44What is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)?
Mastoid process of the temporal bone and lateral half of the supranuchal line of the occipital bone
45What is one action of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)?
Flexes neck, Rotates head, assist with inspiration, assist with lateral flexion
46What muscles are part of the suprahyoid muscle group?
Suprahyoid, geniohyoid, mylohyoid
47What is the origin of the anterior belly of the Digastric muscle?
Posterior and inferior body of the mandible (digastric fossa)
48What is the origin of the posterior belly of the Digastric muscle?
Mastoid process of temporal bone
49What is the insertion of the Digastric muscle?
Hyoid
50What is the action of the Digastric muscle?
Depresses the mandible, elevates the hyoid
51What is the nerve supply for the anterior belly of the Digastric muscle?
CN V
52What is the nerve supply for the posterior belly of the Digastric muscle?
CN VII
53What is the origin of the Geniohyoid muscle?
Inferior aspect of mental region of mandible (mental spine)
54What is the insertion of the Geniohyoid muscle?
Hyoid
55What is the action of the Geniohyoid muscle?
Elevates the hyoid and depresses the mandible, maybe retraction
56What is the nerve supply of the Geniohyoid muscle?
CN 1 (spinal)
57OIAN: of the Mylohyoid
O: Posterior aspect of mandible (mylohyoid line)
I: Hyoid at median raphe
A: elevates the hyoid and depresses the mandible
58What is the origin of the anterior scalene muscle?
Anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C3-C6
59What is the insertion of the anterior scalene muscle?
1st rib (scalene tubercle)
60What is the action of the anterior scalene muscle?
Elevates the 1st rib and lateral flexion
61What is the origin of the OIA Middle scalene?
Posterior tubercles of TVPs of C2-C7
62What is the insertion of the OIA Middle scalene?
1st rib (posterior to subclavian groove)
63What is the action of the OIA Middle scalene?
Elevates 1st rib, lateral flexion
64OIA: of Posterior Scalene
O: Posterior tubercles of TVPs C4-C6
I: 2nd rib
A: elevates 2nd rib , lateral flexion
65A: of the Semispinalis and Splenius
synergists for head and neck movements
66What are the infrahyoid muscles?
sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid
67OI of Sternohyoid
manubrium of the sternum to the hyoid bone
68OI of the sternothyroid
Manubrium of the sternum to they thyroid cartilage
69OI of the thyrohyoid
Thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone
70OI of the Omohyoid
Superior border of the scapula to the body of the hyoid
71What nervous system structure exits between the anterior and middle scalene muscles?
brachial plexus
72What CN is palatoglossus innervated by?
CN X
73The paraxial mesoderm migrate superiorly to become what?
Occipital somites
74Occipital somites migrate superiorly to come what in the skeletal system?
Neurocranium
75What is another name for the base of the neurocranium and what are its parts?
chondrocranium: ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone, petrous portion of the temporal bone and the inferior occipital bone.
76What two cells are referred to as mesenchymal cells during skeletal development?
Paraxial and neural crest
77The base of the skull is formed by what kind of ossification?
endochondral
78The top of the skull is formed by what kind of ossification? What bones specifically?
Intramembranous; frontal bone, parietal bone, superior occipital bone
79The paraxial and neural crest cells become what in intramembranous ossification?
osteoblast
80The paraxial and neural crest cells become what in endochondral development?
chondrocyte which then becomes an osteoblast
81What are the ONLY bones made by intramembranous ossification?
The mandible, zygomatic, maxilla, squamous part of the temporal bone, and external acoustic meatus, parietal, frontal, superior occipital and clavicle
82What is made from the 1st pharyngeal arches?
Mandible, maxilla, zygomatic, squamous temporal, eom, hyoid, laryngeal cartilages malleus, and incus.
83What is the only auditory ossicle made from the 2nd pharyngeal arch
stapes
84What is the origin (O) of the Trapezius muscle?
Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance (EOP), nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12
85What is the insertion (I) of the Trapezius muscle?
Acromion and spine of scapula, lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
86What are the actions (A) of the Trapezius muscle?
Elevation, depression, retraction, rotation of the scapula, hyperextension of the neck
87What is the nerve supply (N) of the Trapezius muscle?
CN XI (spinal accessory nerve), ventral rami of C3-C4 for proprioception
88What is the origin of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
SP's of T7-T12, posterior layer of thoracolumbar fascia, L1-L5, iliac crest, ribs 10-12
89What is the insertion of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
Intertubercular groove of humerus
90What actions does the Latissimus Dorsi muscle perform?
Extends, adducts, and medially (internally) rotates the arm
91What is the nerve supply of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
Thoracodorsal/middle subscapular Nerve (C6,7,8)
92What is the origin of the rhomboid minor?
Nuchal ligament, SP's C7 and T1
93What is the insertion of the rhomboid minor?
Medial border of the scapula at the spine
94What is the action of the rhomboid minor?
Retract, elevate, rotate scapula
95What is the nerve supply of the rhomboid minor?
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
96What is the origin of rhomboid major?
SP's T2-T5
97What is the insertion of rhomboid major?
Medial border of the scapula inferior to the spine
98What is the action of rhomboid major?
Retract, elevate, rotate scapula
99What is the nerve supply of rhomboid major?
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
100What is the origin of the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
External surface of upper margins of ribs 3-5
101What is the insertion of the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
Coracoid process of scapula
102What is the action of the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
Depresses and protracts the scapula
103What is the nerve supply of the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)
104What is the origin of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
Lateral Surface of ribs 1-9
105What is the insertion of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
Anterior, medial surface of the scapula
106What is the action of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
Protracts and holds the scapula against the thoracic wall; some slight depression
107What is the nerve supply of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
Long thoracic nerve (C5, 6, 7)
108What is the origin of the subclavius muscle?
Upper border of the 1st rib and costal cartilage
109What is the insertion of the subclavius muscle?
Inferior surface of the middle 1/3rd of the clavicle
110What is the action of the subclavius muscle?
Anchors and depresses the clavicle
111What is the nerve supply of the subclavius muscle?
Subclavian nerve (C8-T1)
112What is the origin of the levator scapulae?
TVPs of C1-C2 and posterior tubercles of TVPs of C3-C4
113What is the insertion of the levator scapulae?
Medial, superior border of scapula
114What is the action of the levator scapulae?
Elevation, slight adduction, slightly inferiorly rotates the glenoid cavity, can flex the neck
115What is the nerve supply of the levator scapulae?
Dorsal scapular n. (C5), ventral rami of C3 and C4
116What are the rotator cuff muscles?
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis and teres minor
117What is the origin of the Deltoid muscle?
Lateral 1/3rd of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
118What is the insertion of the Deltoid muscle?
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
119What is the action of the Deltoid muscle?
Abduction beyond 15-20 degrees, flexion, extension, internal and external rotation
120What is the nerve supply of the Deltoid muscle?
Axillary nerve (C5,6)
121What is the origin of the supraspinatus muscle?
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
122What is the insertion of the supraspinatus muscle?
Greater tubercle of humerus
123What is the action of the supraspinatus muscle?
First 15-20 degrees of abduction of the arm
124What is the nerve supply of the supraspinatus muscle?
Suprascapular nerve (C5,6)
125What is the origin of the Infraspinatus muscle?
Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
126What is the insertion of the Infraspinatus muscle?
Greater tubercle of the humerus
127What is the action of the Infraspinatus muscle?
Lateral rotation of the arm
128What is the nerve supply of the Infraspinatus muscle?
Suprascapular nerve (C5-6)
129What is the origin of the Teres minor?
Lateral border of posterior surface of the scapula (upper 2/3rds)
130What is the insertion of the Teres minor?
Greater tubercle of the humerus
131What is the action of the Teres minor?
Lateral rotation of the arm
132What is the nerve supply of the Teres minor?
Axillary nerve (C5,6)
133What is the origin of Teres major?
Lower inferior portion of the lateral border of the scapula
134What is the insertion of Teres major?
Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
135What is the action of Teres major?
Adduct and medially rotate the arm
136What is the nerve supply of Teres major?
Lower subscapular nerve
137What is the origin of the Subscapularis muscle?
Subscapular fossa
138What is the insertion point of the Subscapularis muscle?
Lesser tubercle of the humerus
139What is the action of the Subscapularis muscle?
Medial rotation and adduction of the arm
140What are the nerves that innervate the Subscapularis muscle?
Upper subscapular (C5,6) and lower subscapular (C5,6)
141What is the origin of the Pectoralis Major?
Clavicular portion: sternal half of the clavicle; Sternal portion: manubrium and body of the sternum, cartilages of true ribs; Abdominal/costal portion: aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique.
142What is the insertion of the Pectoralis Major?
Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of the humerus.
143What are the actions of the Pectoralis Major?
Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the arm; lower fibers extend the arm.
144What are the nerves that innervate the Pectoralis Major?
Medial (C8, T1) and Lateral (C5, C6) Pectoral Nerves.
145What is the abbreviation to remember the order of the muscles that insert around the intertubercular groove of the humerus?
PLT, which is lateral to medial, Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major
146What is the origin of the Coracobrachialis?
Coracoid process of the scapula
147What is the insertion of the Coracobrachialis?
Middle 1/3rd of anteromedial surface of the shaft of the humerus
148What is the action of the Coracobrachialis?
Flexes and adducts the arm
149What nerve innervates the Coracobrachialis?
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6,7)
150Where does the Musculocutaneous nerve pierce the Coracobrachialis?
The belly of the muscle
151What is the triangle of auscultation?
thinnest region between skin and thoracic wall, Usually around ribs 6 and 7
152What are the borders of the triangle of auscultation?
Latissimus dorsi, vertebral border of the scapula, trapezius, rhomboid major
153What muscles rotate the humerus laterally?
infraspinatus, teres minor, deltoid
154What muscles rotate the humerus medially?
subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, pectoralis major
155What muscles abduct the humerus?
deltoid, supraspinatus
156What muscles Abduct the humerus?
teres major, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, coracobrachialis
157What muscles retract the scapula?
trapezius, rhomboids
158What muscles protract the scapula?
serratus anterior, pectoralis minor
159What muscles open the jaw?
Geniohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid, platysma
160What are the muscles of inspiration?
diaphragm and external intercostals
161What are the muscles of expiration?
internal intercostals and abdominal muscles
162What is the nerve supply of the diaphragm?
phrenic nerves
163OI of diaphragm
O: Xiphoid process, lower six costal cartilages, L1-L3 vertebrae
I: converges into a central tendon
164Which intercostal muscles elevate the ribs?
external intercostal and Innermost intercostal
165What are the Extrinsic back muscles?
trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboids
166What are the intermediate extrinsic back muscles?
serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior
167What are the intrinsic back muscles?
Splenius, erector spinae, transversospinalis, interspinal, and intertransversarii
168What is the superficial intrinsic group of back muscles? both names
Splenius(spinotransversales)
169What is the intermediate intrinsic group of back muscles?
Erector Spinae(sacrospinalis)
170What is the deep intrinsic group of back muscles?
Transversospinalis mm.
171What is the origin of the Splenius capitis muscle?
Nuchal ligament, SP's of C7 to T4
172What is the insertion of the Splenius capitis muscle?
Lateral aspect of superior nuchal line and mastoid process of temporal bone
173What actions does the Splenius capitis muscle perform?
Bilaterally extend and unilaterally laterally flex the head, slight rotation
174Action of Serratus posterior superior
elevates ribs
175Action of Serratus posterior inferior
depresses ribs
176What are the 3 columns of the erector spinae group from lateral to medial?
Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalus
177What are the 3 divisions of iliocostalis?
iliocostalis lumborum, iliocostalis thoracis, iliocostalis cervicis
178What are the 3 divisions of longissimus?
longissimus thoracis, longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis
179What are the 3 divisions of spinalis?
spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis, spinalis capitis
180What are the origins for the erector spinae group?
Sacrum, iliac crest, sacrospinous ligament, supraspinous ligament, SPs of lumbar vertebrae
181What are the insertions of the erector spinae group?
ribs, thoracic and cervical vertebrae and skull
182What are the actions of the erector spinae group?
Prime movers of back extension and lateral bending, can extend laterally and flex the head as well
183OI of Longissimus capitis m.
O: TVP's of C4-T4
I: mastoid process of temporal bone
184OI of longissimus cervicis (colli) m.
O: TVP's of upper 4 thoracic vert.
I: TVPs of C2-C6
185What is the origin of the Longissimus thoracis muscle?
Spinous processes of L1-L5, posterior surface of sacrum, posterior sacroiliac ligament
186What is the insertion of the Longissimus thoracis muscle?
Transverse processes of all thoracic vertebrae and ribs 5-12
187Origin of iliocostalus cervicis
Angles of ribs 3-6
188Where does the iliocostalis cervicis (colli) insert?
TVP's of C4-C6
189What is the origin of iliocostalis thoracis?
angles of ribs 7-12
190Where does iliocostalis thoracis insert?
Angles of ribs 1-6
191What is the origin of iliocostalis lumborum?
Sacrum via erector spinae aponeurosis
192What is the insertion for Iliocostalis lumborum?
Ribs 4-13, TVP's of L1-L4
193What are the 3 groups of transversospinalis?
semispinalis (capitis, colli, thoracis), multifidus, rotatores
194Semispinalis capitis is deep to what muscle?
splenius capitis
195What muscle of the back is known for having a belly divided by a tendinous inscription?
semispinalis capitis
196Where does semispinalis capitis originate?
superior articular processes of C4-C7 and TVP's of T1-T6
197Where does Semispinalis capitis insert?
between superior and inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone
198What are the actions of semispinalis capitis?
Extend the head and neck, may contribute to slight lateral flexion and rotation as well
199What muscle is commonly referred to as the most powerful extender of the neck?
Semispinalis
200What is the origin of the Multifidus muscles?
L1-L5 mammillary processes, sacrum, posterior iliac crest, T1-T12 transverse processes, C4-C7 superior articular processes
201What is the insertion point of the Multifidus muscles?
Spinous processes of C2-L5 (2-4/5 levels superior to origin)
202What is the action of the Multifidus muscles?
Lateral flexion and extension of the trunk
203What is the origin of the Rotatores muscles?
Transverse processes (TVPs) of vertebrae
204Where does the Long rotator of the Rotatores muscles insert?
Spinous process of the 2nd vertebra superior to its origin
205Where does the Short rotator of the Rotatores muscles insert?
Spinous process immediately superior to its origin
206What level of the spine is the multifidus best developed?
lumbar
207What level of the spine are the rotatores muscles best developed?
thoracic
208Where is interspinalis typically best developed?
C2-L4
209Where is intertransversarii typically best developed?
C1-L4
210What are the muscles of the suboccipital triangle?
rectus capitis posterior major
rectus capitis posterior minor
obliquus capitis superior
obliquus capitis inferior
211What are the structures associated with the SOT?
Vertebral artery and suboccipital nerve(dorsal ramus of C1) are within, Greater occipital nerve(dorsal ramus of C2) exits below
212The SOT is innervated by what nerve?
Posterior ramus of C1, suboccipital nerve
213What space(s) or interval does the teres minor muscle help create?
Quadrangular space and triangular space
214The teres major muscle helps create what spaces?
triangular interval, triangular space, and the quadrangular space
215What muscle tendons and what nerve run through the carpal tunnel?
flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus and the median nerve
216The palmar interosseous muscles of the hand are responsible for what movement?
Adduct (PAD)
217The dorsal interosseous muscles of the hand are responsible for what movement
abduct (DAB)
218What muscle is often referred to as the most powerful extender of the head?
Semispinalis
219What suboccipital muscle does not attach to the skull?
obliquus capitus inferior
220What suboccipital muscle does not contribute to the SOT?
Rectus capitus posterior minor
221Which of the muscles of the SOT does not attach to the atlas?
RCP major
222Which of the muscles of the SOT attaches to both the atlas and the axis?
IC inferior
223Which of the muscles of the SOT attach to the SP of the Axis?
OC inferior and RCP major
224Which muscles of the SOT attach to the TP of the Atlas?
OC Inferior and OC Superior
225What are the origins for the biceps Brachii?
Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle
Short head: Coracoid process
226What are the insertions for the biceps Brachii?
Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
227What is the innervation of Biceps Brachii?
Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5,6,7)
228What are the actions of the biceps Brachii?
Flexes the elbow, supinates the forearm, flexes the shoulder
229What does the bicipital aponeurosis protect?
brachial artery and median nerve
230Origin of the brachialis?
anterior aspect of distal humerus
231Insertion of Brachialis
coronoid process of the ulna and ulnar tuberosity
232Innervation of the brachialis muscle?
Musculocutaneous and radial nerve
233Action of the brachialis?
elbow flexion
234Origin of each of the heads of the triceps?
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of the glenoid
Lateral head: posterior lateral aspect of proximal humerus
Medial head: posterior medial aspect of proximal humerus
235Insertion for triceps?
olecranon process of ulna
236Nerve for the triceps?
radial
237Action of the triceps?
Adduction, extension of the shoulder, extension of the elbow
238Origin of brachioradialis
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
239Insertion of brachioradialis?
distal aspect of radius, proximal to styloid process of radius
240Innervation of brachioradialis?
radial nerve
241Actions of brachioradialis
flexes the elbow especially at midpronation, neutralizer, stabilizes wrist
242What joints does the brachioradialis cross?
elbow
243Origin of anconeus
lateral epicondyle of humerus
244Insertion of anconeus
olecranon process of ulna
245Action of anconeus
extends the elbow and abducts ulna during pronation
246Innervation of anconeus
Radial nerve (C5, 6, 7, 8, T1)
247What are the muscles that extend the humerus?
Triceps brachii long head, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, teres major
248What are the muscles that flex the humerus?
Biceps brachii, pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, deltoid
249What are the muscles that flex the forearm?
Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, pronator teres
250What are the muscles that extend the elbow?
triceps brachii, anconeus
251What structures pass through the carpal tunnel?
the tendon of the flexor pollicis longus muscle
the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus muscles
the tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
the median nerve
252Which muscles insert onto the base of the 5th metacarpal?
flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris
253What is the origin of the Pronator teres?
Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
254What is the insertion of the Pronator teres?
Middle of lateral surface of radius
255What is the action of the Pronator teres?
Pronates the forearm and flexes the elbow
256What is the nerve supply of the Pronator teres?
Median nerve which pierces the two heads (C6, 7, 8, T1)
257What is the origin (O) of the pronator quadratus?
Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of ulna
258What is the insertion (I) of the pronator quadratus?
Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of radius
259What is the action (A) of the pronator quadratus?
Initiates pronation
260What is the nerve supply (N) of the pronator quadratus?
Anterior interosseous nerve of median nerve (C6,7,8,T1)
261What is the origin of the supinator muscle?
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, lateral collateral ligament of the elbow, supinator crest of the ulna
262What is the insertion of the supinator muscle?
Lateral, posterior and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3rd of radius
263What is the action of the supinator muscle?
Supinates the forearm
264What is the nerve supply of the supinator muscle?
Radial nerve
265The common origin for the flexor muscles of the carpus and digits is the ___ exception?
medial epicondyle of the humerus, FDP is the exception
266The flexors of the hand and digits are primarily located on what aspect of the forearm?
Anterior
267What is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis?
Medial epicondyle of humerus
268What is the insertion of the flexor carpi radialis?
Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bone
269What is the action of the flexor carpi radialis?
Flexes and abducts hand at wrist
270What is the nerve supply of the flexor carpi radialis?
Median Nerve (C6, 7, 8, T1)
271What is the origin of the Palmaris Longus?
Medial epicondyle of humerus
272What is the insertion of the Palmaris Longus?
Palmar aponeuroses
273What is the action of the Palmaris Longus?
Flexes hand at wrist and tightens aponeuroses
274What is the nerve supply of the Palmaris Longus?
Median nerve (C6, 7, 8, T1)
275What is the origin of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
276What is the insertion of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?
Base of the 5th metacarpal, pisiform, hamulus of hamate
277What is the action of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?
Ulnar deviation and flexor of the hand
278What is the nerve supply of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?
Ulnar nerve
279What is the origin of the Flexor digitorum superficialis?
Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of the ulna, ulnar collateral ligament, superior 1/2 anterior surface of radius
280What is the insertion of the Flexor digitorum superficialis?
Shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits
281What is the action of the Flexor digitorum superficialis?
Flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joint, flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints
282What is the innervation of the Flexor digitorum superficialis?
Median nerve
283What is the origin of the Flexor digitorum profundus?
Proximal anterior ulna and interosseous membrane
284What is the insertion of the Flexor digitorum profundus?
Tendons pass through FDS to insert on bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5
285What is the action of the Flexor digitorum profundus?
Flexes the hand at the carpus and digits at the metacarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints
286Which muscle is the only one that can flex the distal joints of the fingers?
Flexor digitorum profundus
287What is the innervation of flexor digitorum profundus?
Median (C6,7,8,T1) and Ulnar (C8, T1)
288What is the origin of the flexor pollicis longus?
Anterior surface of the radius and radial half of the interosseous membrane
289What is the insertion of the flexor pollicis longus?
Palmar surface of the base of the thumb
290What are the actions of the flexor pollicis longus?
Flex the interphalangeal joint of the thumb and Flex the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb
291What is the innervation of flexor pollicis longus?
median nerve (C6,7,8,T1)
292The common origin of the extensors of the digits and hand is the _______. The exception?
lateral epicondyle of the humerus
293The extensors of the carpus and digits are primarily located on what aspect of the forearm?
Posterior
294All extensors of the carpus and hand are innervated by what nerve?
Radial
295Origin of extensor carpi radialis longus
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
296Insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus
Dorsal Aspect of the base of the 2nd metacarpal but a small "slip" into the dorsal 3rd metacarpal
297Origin of extensor carpi radialis brevis
lateral epicondyle of humerus
298Insertion of extensor carpi radialis brevis
dorsal aspect of the base of the 3rd metacarpal but a small insertion onto the 2nd
299What is the action of the extensor carpi radialis muscles?
extend and abduct the wrist
300What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis muscles?
radial nerve (C5,6,7,8,T1)