1Right to Appropriate Medical Care and Humane Treatment
Patients have the right to receive medical care with respect and dignity.
2Right to Informed Consent
Patients must be informed about their treatment and must voluntarily agree to it.
3Right to Privacy and Confidentiality
Patients' medical information should be kept private unless consent is given.
4Right to Information
Patients have the right to be informed about their health condition and treatment.
5Right to Choose Health Care Provider and Facility
Patients can select their preferred doctor and hospital.
6Right to Self Determination
Patients can make decisions about their medical treatment.
7Right to Religious Belief
Patients' religious beliefs should be respected in medical care.
8Right to Medical Records
Patients can access and obtain copies of their medical records.
9Right to Leave
Patients can discharge themselves from a medical facility against medical advice.
10Right to Refuse Participation in Medical Research
Patients cannot be forced to join medical studies.
11Right to Correspondence and to Receive Visitors
Patients can communicate with others and have visitors.
12Right to Express Grievances
Patients can voice concerns or complaints about their medical care.
13Right to be Informed of His Rights and Obligations as a Patient
Patients should be educated about their rights and responsibilities.
14Empathy
Sensitivity to others’ needs and responding constructively.
15Assertiveness
Firmly expressing feelings and opinions in a calm manner.
16Proper Patient Identification Includes
Patient name, exam type, diagnosis, ordering physician, and requisition date.
17Methods of Verifying Patient Identity
Wristband check, questioning, and bed nameplate verification.
18Modification of Routine Projections
Used to minimize radiation exposure and improve image quality.
19Seriously Ill and Traumatized Patients
May exhibit different behaviors due to pain, stress, or anxiety.
20Communication
The foundation of sharing information and understanding others.
21Modes of Communication
Verbal (spoken/written) and Non-verbal (body language, gestures).
22Informed Consent
Required for procedures with significant risk or experimental treatments.
23Simple Consent
Patient agrees to a procedure without full details being given.
24Implied Consent
Consent assumed in emergency situations when the patient cannot decide.
25Expressed Consent
Patient explicitly agrees to a procedure.
26Stroke Patient Dressing Assistance
Remove clothing from the uninjured side first.
27Logrolling Method
Used to move spinal injury patients while maintaining alignment.
28Types of Paralysis
Quadriplegia (neck down), Paraplegia (lower body), Hemiplegia (one side).
29Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Measures consciousness in brain injury patients.
30Hospital Equipment Safety
Wheelchair locks, IV height, catheter care, and proper disposal of sharps.
31Sterilization
Using heat, gas, or chemicals to make equipment germ-free.
32Chain of Infection Stages
Incubation, Prodromal, Acute, Convalescence.
33Hand Washing Duration
At least 20 seconds to prevent infection.
34Medical Asepsis vs. Surgical Asepsis
Medical reduces microorganisms; surgical removes all.
35Oxygen Administration Methods
Nasal cannula, face mask, rebreather mask, oxygen tent.
36Common Medical Emergencies
Fainting, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, seizures, bleeding.
37Orthostatic Hypotension
Dizziness from sudden position changes.
38Contrast Agents
Used for imaging; iodine and barium are common.
39Adverse Reaction to Contrast
Can cause mild to severe allergic reactions.
40Shock Types
Hypovolemic, Anaphylactic, Septic, Cardiogenic, Neurogenic.
41CPR Steps
Check circulation, airway, and breathing.
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