EXAM2

What is commonly associated with Phylum Porifera?

Porifera have no true tissue or organs t or f

Porifera symmetry

3 types of porifera cells

Porifera, thin flat lines on the outer surface cells that are mildly contractile and some are for water circulation called porocytes

pinacocytes for water circulation

Porifera move around in the mesohyll and work in reproduction, skeletal, transport food, contractile ring in sponge wall

jelly layer below pinacocytes where mesenchyme amoeboid moves around

collar like cells that like below mesohyll and line inner chambers of sponge that are flagellated to create current and filter food particles

needles made of calcium carbonate, silica, or/and spongin in porifera

fibrous protein made of collagen

porifera adults are sessile meaning they dont move t or f

the inner chambers of a sponge can be called

Outer openinings of porocytes are called what in ascon, then leucon or sycon

the single (except in leucon) opening into the inner cavity of the sponge

vase like, simplest form least common, in ostio out a single terminal osculumn

folded walls, dermal pores->incurrent canal->radial canal->1 terminal osculumn

most common, branched canals, no true spongocoel

the surface area is greater in more complex sponges so it will absorb food better and theres a greater water flow t or f

sponges dont have a nervous system but cells may communicate t or f

Asbestopluma and Chondrocladia are what type of sponges?

Sponges are ___ and they do not self fertilize

some choanocytes lose their collars and go through meiosis to become

sponges can undergo asexual reproduction through budding or fission t or f

internal capsules of amoeboid cells of freshwater sponges that resist freezing or drying

the status of sponges

Phylum Cnidaria is what kind of animals

Cnidaria symmetry

Cnidaria gastrovascular cavity is ___ with a mouth

Cnidaria body level

Cnidaria have what cell for defense, feeding, and attachment

Some cnidocytes contain this and is responsible for the stinging or toxins

what is it when a toxin must be injected

what is it when touching inhaling or eating something gives you toxin

what is the name of a poison in pufferfish and venom in blue octopus

what is both venemous and poisonous

Cnidaria two body forms

Cnidaria polyps are

cnidaria medusas are

cnidarias digestion is part ____ and part ____

cnidarias gastrovascular cavity is full of water and acts as a

cnidaria nervous system is most

Cnidaria have this, it is a small sac surrounding a calcium carbon statolith that detects tilting

cnidaria are mostly ___ with external fertilization

ciliated free swimming larvae in cnidaria

What is the immortal jellyfish

What is the only class of cnidaria that will have freshwater species in it

only class with freshwater, nematocysts in epidermis, example is an obelia

marine colonial, continous gastrovascular cavity, Cnidaria Hydrozoa

freshwater species of cnidaria with no medusa and both reproduction style, hydrozoa

Cnidaria Hydrozoa Siphonophora = marine, colonial, polypoid, medusoid, huge specialized polyp example

Cnidaria, true jellyfish, marine, cnidocytes in gastro and epidermis, negative phototaxis example aurelia

what is true jellyfish

rising in the dark

related to scyphozoa cube shaped marine, dangerous ex sea wasp

stalked jellyfish, marine, crawling non ciliated larvae, polyps with oral ends no medusa

sea anemone and corals marine, largest cnidarian, all polyps

ingavination on body wall that goes to the gastrocavity

in anthozoa ( sea anemonoes) these thing bear cnidozytes and gonnads

anthozoa polyps attach to substrates throught the

solitary large colorful, symbiotic relationship with clown fish and hermit crab, pedal laceration ( fission), monoecious protandrous (male mature earlier)

colonial colorful hard ones have calcium carbonate exoskeleton, soft ones dont

corals have this algar in skin or gut

what is important to coral reef building by removing co2 and raise ph

anthozoans are decreasing but jellyfish are a nuisance because there is a lot t or f

ctenophora are what animals

marine, gelatinous, diploblastic,branches gut, anal open, nerve net, bioluminecest, tentacles sting, monoecious w/ external fert

adhesive cell with tentacles stings and without doesnt

which is advanced protostome(mouth) or deuterostome(anus)

which is primitive protostome(mouth) or deuterostome(anus)

Protoztomes can be acoelomate, pseudocoelmate, and coelmate t or f

Do not molt

molt

Among the most primitive of the triploblastic phyla

spongy mass of undifferentiated mesoderm cells around visera muscles or epitherlial cells. that supports, food storage, transport in acoel

very flat marine worms that have primitive digestive + other systems, free living, asexual repro or monoecious

flat, unsegmented or strobilated, 4 classes, distinct head and central nervous, blind sac, most monoecious.

gut incomplete, no eyes

turbellaria are what

monogenea are what

trematoda are what

cestoidea are what

bottom dwellers, ciliated, carnivorous, incomplete (no anus), no circulatory organs

freshwater turbellarians are ___ (saltier)to environemtn

network or tubes in turbellarians found in parenchyma tissue

tiny hollow enlargements at the tip of protonephridia tubesm create negative pressure with beating cilia

nervous tissue is concentrated anteriorly in turbellarians t or f

sensory lobes that are dense with chemoreceptors and eyespots with photoreceptors

ectoparasties of fish with a simple life style

monogenea has this and it is a posterior attachemnt organ

parasititc of economical and medical importance, epidermis has a tegument

continuous layer of fused cells that absorb nutrients in trematoda

trematoda attach with 2 suckers: oral and

trematodas digestive systen divides into two blind pouches called

trematoda has the most complex life cycle with 2+ hosts t or f

example of a trematoda that is contracted through fish

example of a trematoda that is contracted through water and is 2nd to malaria in parasitic impact

specialised endoparasites in vertebrates that lack a mouth or digestive system and have repeating units called proglottids

repreating units called ___ in tapeworms

holdfast structure containing system of suckers and sometimes hooks in a rostellum

immature proglottids are here

series of proglottids which produce eggs when mature

cestoidia reproduction is

sperm and eggs in proglottids are released different times so they copulate t or f

fertilized eggs accumulate in these proglottids

tape worms that encyst in the muslces of cows or pigs and become cysticerci that can be fatal in humans

2 intermediate hosts, crustacean and fish plus different larval names than beef and pork tapeworms

probiscous or ribbon worms

carniverous, long barbed probiscous for feedng, largest invertibrates, complete digestive tract and closed circulatory system

nemertea are dioecious with external fertilization t or f

example of nemertea

small worms with complete digestive tracts and acoelomates

gastrotrichs marine forms are monoecious and freshwater is parthongentic (all female species) hatch as a mini adult t or f

live on mouths of obster with strange reproduction, newest phylum

false body cavity, distinct body cavity but no peritoneal linings or mesenteries, tiny, bilaterally symmetrical, unsegmented, no resporatory, no head, brain in anterior, no eyes, eutely

body of contstant number of cells

external case of thickined cuticle on rotifera

spinning wheel cilia, corona around head, lorica, foot with 2 toes, mastax(jaws) to grind food, parthenogenesis (all female repro)

The monogonata class of rotifers produce two types of eggs where fertilized is ___

spiny headed worms, endo parasites, (arthropod + vertabrate) common in fish and one pig

unsegmented roundworms that are super abundant and many are parasitic

outer cuticle is molted 4 times during maturation and they have 2 types of chemoreceptors

Nematoda have longitudinal muscles but not circular ones t or f

nematoda have complrete digestive systems and brain

nematodes that have ventral gland cells called renettes (free liiving)

parasitic. renettes are a long canala

spread by mosquitos and live in lymphatic systems that block ducts and cause elephantiasis

itchy butt, most common in US

horsehair worms, in bugs, appear spontaneous in horse water

segmented worms phyla

division of body into serially repeated sections along anterior + posterior axis eitheroth external and internal

1. hydrostatic compartments that facilitate supportive + locomotive functions
2. lessens impact of injury
3. permits for tagmatization

modification of the body for specialized functions

double membraned thing that seperates the sections

is annelida digestion system complete? (thing of worm dissection)

annelida have what that removes excess calcium

what is O2 carried by in plasma

what kind of circulatory system does annelida have?

annelida nervous system

how do aquatic annelida osmoregulate

how do terrestrial annelida osmoregulate

primitive annelida have protonephridia, what do most of them have instead?

What breaks down amino acids in annelida and acts as a liver

what does phyla of annelids is the largest and has parapodia with setae

what is a dorsal lobe that is anterior to mouth in polychaeta with antenae and sensory organs

what is a subclass of annelid polychaeta that includes fanworms and tubeworms that filter feeds with crown arm like radioles

what kind of larvae does polychaeta have?

polychaeta do this where they form reproductive individuals

what is the name of the non reproductive individual in epitoke?

1.external fertilization is good for swarmming
2. atokes are protected from predators
3. predators population is kept in check because of the limited fertilization time

what people group eats worm feasts

What is the polychaeta class that has a clitellum, is monoecious, and has no setae

clitellata oligochaeta, they burrow, lack parapodia, and have not a good head

how do clitellata oligochaeta move?

what do oligochaeta use that acts as a wedge when burrowing

what do oligochaeta fill the cocoon with? sperm food egg

what are leaches in

leeches ___ internal metamerism

what replaces blood vessels in leeches