Exam 1 Test Q's

Behavior neuroscience is the study of the human brain (and only the human brain).

Identify Parts of the Neuron

The cell membrane is made up of a lipid bilayer that:

Without myelin, the action potential:

The DNA and "instructions" for making all the proteins that the cell needs are found in the ___.

An action potential always moves from the ___ to the ___ of the neuron.

The location on the cell where EPSPs can occur:

Location where the acrion potential "starts"

The location on a cell where it is the postsynaptic connection

Before joining a study, Lea is given a handout explaining what the study will be about. However, teh instructions are written in Spanish, a language Lea does not know. Having Lea participate in the study anyways would violate which ethical principle?

Which important historical contribution allowed researchers to see and study brain cells?

Which of the following is correct, regarding animal research in the US

Eventually proven correct, Santiago Ramon y Cajal proposed the neuron doctrine, which suggested that brain cells ____?

During the 1950s and 1960s, Sloan-Kettering Institute oncologist Chester Southam conducted research to lear how people's immune systemswould react when exposed to cancer cells. In order to find out, he injected live HeLa cancer cells into patients, generally without their permission. Failing to tell participants the aims of the study violates which eithical principles?

These glial cells serve as the primary immune response in the brain and spinal cord, as they travel to sites of injury and infection and help clear damage through phagocytosis.__

______ is the phase of the action potential when the inside of the cell moves from a negative charge to a positive one, mostly due to the movement of sodium ions.

______ is the phase of the action potential when the inside of the cell moves from positive charge to a negative one, mostly due to the movement of potassium ions

____ is the phase of the action potential when the inside of the cell becomes "extra" negatively charged, mostly due to the movement of potassium ions

The sodium potassium pumps...

The sodium potassium pumps are important for...

Electrostatic pressure means that ___ charged ions will move towards the ___ charged extracellular space

Why does sodium enter the cell when the voltage gated sodium channels open?

In order to enter the cell, most ions must:

Which scenario would be most liekly to lead to an action potential?

Mystery chemical A is produced in the neuron, stored in vesicles and released following an action potential. It crosses the synapse but has no effect on the postsynaptic cell. What can we conclude about "mystery chemical A"?

Identify the receptor type: Dopamine binding leads to immediate opening of an ion channel:

Identify the receptor type: Activation of the receptor leads to the release of g-proteins inside the cell:

Identify the receptor type: Result of ions binding to this receptor type is slower

Identify the receptor type: GABA beinds to a receptor on an ion channel, binding opens that channel and potassium flows out

Why is it incorrect to say that a neurotransmitter is excitatory or inhibitory?

According to the classical definition, all neurotransmitters must:

Which of the following glia are found in the peripheral nervous system?

The frontal lobe is located _____ to the occipital lobe.

Identify the missing step in the process of synaptic transmission: 1. Presynaptic cell depolarizes, voltage gated sodium channels open at the axon hillock, 2. Action potential reaches the axon terminal, 3. ____________, 4. Vesicles fuse to the membrane of the presynaptic cell and release neurotransmitter into the synapse.

Match the effect to its description: A cell experiences a single EPSP at the same time as multiple IPSPs. Together the effect is...

Match the effect to its description: Potassium (K+) ions leaving the cell...

Match the effect to its description: Multiple EPSPs occurring over a short period of time...

Match the effect to its description: Sodium potassium pumps push sodium (Na+) ions out of the cell

The ___ is produced by ___ cells, and is helpful in protecting the brain and spinal cord from injury.

Broca, Fritsch, & Hitzig, Flourens and others observed specific behavioral effects following damage or stimulation of particular brain areas, providing evidence for...

Pablo Picasso, Rembrandt, & Monet were all artists famous for their creativity, skill, and artistic accomplishments. Based on their artistic abilities, we can conclude that each of the men were likely ____.

Which of the following is an example of a ligand?

The key difference between inhibitory postsynaptic potentials and excitatory postsynaptic potentials is the...

Neurotransmitter A is broken down by Enzyme B. If we administer a drug that increases the amount of Enzyme B in the synapse, what effect would you expect to see?

Why is resting membrane potential important?

A drug that disrupts the part of the cell indicated by the #5 in this image would have what primary effect?

Glutamate, GABA, and serotonin are all examples of ____ chemicals while cocaine, nicotine, caffeine are all ___.

Which statement is true, regarding caffeine metabolism?ch

The way a body ____ a drug can be affected by factors such as genetics, diet, and other drugsor

Match the image to its function (brain picture)

The "medical model" views addiction as what?

If the CONCENTRATION of sodium ions were the same both inside and outside the cell, the _______ pressure would be disrupted.

Multiple excitatory inputs over a short period of time may "add up" to cause the cell to reach threshold. This is known as:

______ help to facilitate action potentials in the brain and spinal cord.

_____ is a neuroimaging technique that uses x-rays to view brain structures

A demyelinating disorder, like multiple sclerosis, has what effect on the body?

Match the effect to its description: Adenosine reduces glutamate release...

Match the effect to its description: THC mimics the body's own production of anandamide...

Match the effect to its description: LSD activates both serotonin receptors, leasing to both inhibitory and excitatory affects in the brain...

Match the effect to its description: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) prolong the effect of serotonin in the synapse

After regularly consuming caffeine fo ryears, Trish Yearwood finds that a single cup of coffee only makes her feel more alert for a short period of time (when it used to affect her for hours). What aspect of the drug should she study to figure out why this is happening?

Some drugs, like guarana and nicotine, slow the _____ of caffeine causing the effects to last longer in the body

A diet low in tryptophan would likely contribute to what?

Metabotropic GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors) are activation _____ and cause signaling ____ the cell.

Two receptors may be attached to each other, and influence one another's activity, such as increased dopamine release as a result of alcohol binding to adenosine receptors. These are known as: