Classics 370 Midterm 2

Goddess of the Grain and the Rich Harvest. Mother of Persephone. Involved greatly in the fertility myths

Daughter of Demeter and Zeus. Abducted by Hades and carried away to be his bride. While she is with Hades, Demeter refuses to let the crops grow and slowly kills the world.

Nickname for Persephone, meaning "daughter" or "girl"; an unmarried virgin

Initiation ceremonies held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone based at Eleusis in ancient Greece.

One of the Princes of Eleusis to whom Demeter Taught her secret rites

Most influential on later religion and myth. Goddess of love and war.

Lover of Inanna. Shepherd god of Sumeria

"Sacred Marriage"
Ariande is abandoned there by Thesius
She helped him kill the minitar and then he abandoned her

"Throne"
Greatest goddess of Egypt, absorbing all other Egyptian goddesses

Brother and husband to Isis
King of Egypt

Primarily a goddess of fertility, but she could also heal disease, give oracles, and give protection in war

Lover of Cybele
Phrygian god of vegetation, and in his self-mutilation, death, and resurrection he represents the fruits of the earth, which die in winter only to rise again in the spring

Son of Cybele and Attis
Strength and violence were so great that they could not be resisted.
His bestial lust raged crazily toward both sexes

the god of beauty and desire, is a figure with Northwest Semitic antecedents, where he is a central figure in various mystery religions

"Son of Zeus" Son of Semele, born from Zeus' thigh
God of the lower classes, Wine
Myths of Resistance

Mother of Dionysus
Zeus blasted her with lightening bolt
She is killed and Dionysus is sewn into Zeus's thigh

Queen of Orchomeneus, Semele's sister and wife to King Athamas
She is ordered by Hermes to raise Dionysus

Raises Adonis
Temporarily turned into a goat
Returns to Greece after going into manhood

"Women possessed by Bacchus"
Female followers of Adonis

"The Raging Women"
Another name for Bacchae

A staff crowned with a pinecone or a bunch of ivy leaves (Figure 11.3)

Male followers of Adonis
Half human creatures with a boner (Sometimes enormous)
Tails and ears of a horse
Later acquired goatlike legs

General term for any old satyr or the name of one satyr in particular: an ugly, drunken, extremely fat one, given to the telling of tall tales

King of Phrygia, Granted 1 wish; Everything he touched turned to gold. Got boned as his food and drink even turned to gold

Married Dionysus "Sacred Marriage", daughter of King Minos
Abandoned by Thesius
She helped Dionysus kill the minitar and then he abandoned her

King of the tribe Thrace
Opponent of Dionysus

"Daughters of Minyas"
Refused to join the new, esctatic religion
Sat in chambers, dutifully worked their looms, and spke critically of those who had gone to the mountains to rage as Bacchae

King of Thebes
Opposes Dionysus

First person to ever appear on stage as a character (Not himself) in a play

God of the Underworld
"The Unseen one"

Another name for Hades
"The enricher"

Furies
Mythical portrayals of the ghosts of slain members of one's own family

Nickname for Hermes
"Soul-Guide"

The most famous seer in Greek myth and an important character in Euripides' Bacchae

Guilty of violence against the gods
Fed the gods a little boy to see if they are all knowing
Punishment: Can't reach the food or water near him

Punished for challenging the gods
Forever forced to push a boulder up a hill, but it rolls back down

The Elysian Fields
Only a blessed few are able to end up in this after world

Son of a Thracian
Famous for his sweet singing to the lyre
He is known for journeying to the underworld

Wife of Orpheus
Rape was attmpted on her by a beekeeper, on her weeding day. As she fled from the keeper, a snake bit her on the heel and she died

Another name for Dionysus
unknown meaning

Best known for his philosophical claim that the essence of reality resides in mystical relations between numbers, proportions, and measures

"Springtime: the season of rebirth"
Killed in battle, but ten days afterward when the bodies were placed on a funeral pyre, he was found still alive and able to tell his story

"Sorrowful"
The boundary proper of Dis's realm

The grim ferryman who delivers the souls across the river into Hades

A famous sufferer; King of Lapithsl lusted after Hera, so Zeus made an image of Hera in the clouds, banged "Human-like Hera" his come landed on the Earth, creating the father of the future Centarus. Further punishment was bound to a wheel of fire

Someone who stands out from others, someone distinguished by prominence, bravery, or merit

The Epic of Gilgamesh

Gilgamesh's companion

The guardian of the Sumerian forest

"He saw life."
Only mortal to survive to survive the flood

Nudity represents heroism.

The richest province in Greece in its physical remains from the Greek Bronze Age and in its wealth of myths

Founder of Myceane (Populous center of wealth and power)
Perseus' tales are closer to folktale than those of any Greek Hero

A fortress surrounded by amazing walls of immense stones carefully fitted together (Perseus ruled Tiryns, when he founded Myceane)

Daughter of Melia and Inachus; Ancestor of three great dynasties: The house of Argos, Thebes, and Crete

King of Libya; bears 50 daughters with numerous wives

50 Daughters of Danaus

Took Argos; he wanted a male heir; and oracle told him that Danae will bore a boy but will kill his father. Acrisius imprisons Danae in a bronze chamber. During this time, Zeus falls in love with Danae and comes to her in a shower of gold and thus conceives Perseus with her

Bangs Zeus and bears Perseus

"Much-receiver", the king of the island desired Danae as his mistress. Danae was unwilling and Perseus defended her refusal.

3 death dealing terrifying female creatures: Stheno (Strength) Eurylae (Far leaper) Medussa(Wide Ruling)

1 of the gorgons
Crazy bitch with snake hair

Gray-haired women; Certain helpful nymphs; sisters of the Gorgons...they were hideous hags and lived near the end of the world (only had 1 eye and 1 tooth
between them!)

Cerpheus's daughter (first glimpse we see of her is that she is chained to a rock, about to be devoured by a sea-monster, Ceto)

Folktale that contains these elements: Prohibition, seclusion, violation of the prohibition, threat of punishment or death, Liberation

Greatest of Greek heroes
He rids the civilized world of dangerous animals and men

Promised to avenge the death of all brothers when the Argive plane was invaded by pirates
Upset that All of her brothers have died
Twins are explained because she slept with two different men in one night.

Son of Stheneleus

Son of Alcaeus(Killed uncle Electryon and took Alcemena and fled)
Family betrayal

Daughter of Creon, wife of Heracles
Hera then put a spell on Heracles and killed his wife/kids

First Labor
Savage lion ravaging the countryside
Beast couldn't be killed with bows and arrows
Impenetrable; immortal skin
Heracles Defeated it with its claw and wore its skin

Second Labor
"Water Serpent of Lerna" Many heads ravaged fields and livestock, even its breath was death
Heracles got help from his nephew Iolaus
Every time the snake's head was cut off it grew two more
So Heracles branded the snakes heads to stop it from reproducing, thus he cut off the immortal head and buried it beneath a rock

Third Labor
Magical animal with golden antlers and brazen hoofs which belonged to Artemis
Task was to bring in this "Magical animal"
Wounded the animal, after searching for a year
He let the deer go after showing it to Eurythesus assistant for proof

Fourth Labor
Task was to capture it
Approached centuars, they treat him good until the wine is drunk then they want to fight Heracles, he fights them of
Heracles then finds the boar and presents it to Eurytheus

Wise centaur involved in the fourth labor

Augeas has stables built but never cleaned them, lots of sh!t built up
Heracles cleans them for a promis of Augeas' cattle
promise broken because Heracles obligation was to Eurytheus

Sixth Labor
Deadly birds with arrow-firing wings and armor-piercing wings
Heracles shot each down with arrows

A magnificent animal summoned by the sea by Minos
Heracles is ordered to capture the bull, he did so and then showed it to Copreus for inspection, then the Bull ran away

Diomedes-SOn of Ares, and king of a savage tribe (His horses dined on human flesh)
Once Heracles gets a hold of the horses, he feeds Diomedes to them

"indomitable" king over a town in Thessaly
Treated Zeus so well that Apollo gave him this boon: Admetus need not die if he could find someone else to die in his place

Side Deed
Admetus' wife, the only one willing to die for him

Hippolyta-Amazon Queen
Heracles sent to bring her to Eurytheus so he could give the girdle to his daughter
Heracles gets a hold of the girdle and the Amazonians go crazy towards Heracles
Heracles then strangles Hippolyta, removes her girdle and sails away

10th Labor
Geryon-Monster with 3 bodies
Helius offers him a boat in which to travel to the island in attempt to seize the moster's cattle
One on the island, Heracles killed the monsters guard dog, Orthus as well as Geryon

Side Deed
A three headed, fire breathing monster who stole a herd of cattle and hid them in his cave
Heracles hears the cattle, goes to the cave, kills Cacus with his primitive club

Eleventh Labor
Hesperides-Nymphs of the West
Task: Was to bring back the apples of the Hesperides
Apples grew on a magical tree with golden bark and golden leaves
Didn't know where the apple and tree was so he got help from the sea-god Nereus

Side deed
Son of Poseidon "Greek corruption of the Egyptians"
Heracles tricked the King of Egypt, seized Busiris and his sun then slit their throats

Twelfth Labor
Heracles ordered to descend into the underworld and bring the dog to Eurthytheus, it was then realesed when Eurthytheus got proof of Heracles' possession of the dog

12 stone panels on which the earliest evidence for the canonical cycle of 12 labors is found

Eurytus' beautiful daughter, offered as a prize in an archery contest
Heracles won but wasnt given her because of fear from the king
Heracles kills the king son
He is forgiven only by being a slave to a woman for three years and give everything he earned to Eurytus as blood mone

Queen of Lydia, bought Heracles for the 3 years
During the time they begin cross-dressing with each other
During his Lydian period he captured the Cercopes

2 Ruffians (gangsters) who robbed passerby and treated them cruelly

"Man killer" Heracles was interested in her and so was Achelous
They battle but Heracles eventually wins

River god, usually represented as a bull
Loses battle of Deianira to Heracles

Centaur who feried travelers for a small fee
It tried to rape Deinaira and soon after got shot/killed by Heracles
Before it died however, he instructed Deinaira to collect his blood and come, a powerful love potion if she ever needed it

The many sons Heracles left behind (Eurytheus was determined to kill them)
Heraclids then fled for refuge into Athens where the Athennians bravely refused to surrender them to Eurytheus and so they killed Eurytheus and his five sons

Athens' greatest hero
Many legends during 5th and 6th century bc about Athems becoming an important military power and cultural center

Brought the people of Athens the arts of civilization and taught them to worship Zeus, abandon human sacrifice, build cities, and to bury the dead properly
Also introduced monogamous marriage

Another early king of Athens, who came to the throne after Cecrops died
He was born from discarded come of Hephasteus, that Athena angrily wiped off her leg with a piece of wool and threw it to the ground
Up sprang Erichthonius

Jealous of the beauty of Procris
Disguises himself as other men to get with Procris
His seamen turns scorpions but then is cured by Procris

In love with Cephalus but they are jealous of each other
Disguises herself as a boy to prove Cephalus will engage in pederasty and not be a fiathful husband

Daughter of Pandion

Second Daughter of Pandion

Pandion calls Tereus when he's in military trouble
As a thank you, Pandion gives Tereus Procne to marriage
Tereus sails to get Philomela so the sister can be reunited
Tereus rapes her, then cuts out her tongue
She is forced to weave tapestry to tell the story
Procne finds the tapestry, disguises herself, has a banquet and invites Tereus, sacrifices their son and makes Tereus eat the son

Son of Procne and Tereus
Procne kills Itys and serves his flesh in a meal to Tereus scott tenorman style
Tereus tries to kill the sisters but all three were turned to birds by the Olympians

Son of Pandion, brother to Procne and Philomela, King

Upper hand in family when his dad died, but couldn't bear a son with any of his mistresses/wives
Poseidon then possess Aethra and Theseus is conceived

Daughter of Aegeus and Aethra

Theseus is sent on 6 Labors mostly attacking everyday people (Bandits)
Procrustes is the 6th bandit
"Bed that fits all"
Stretches short guests, cuts limbs off tall guests

The abduction of Antiope provoked this "battle with the Amazons"

"Breaker of horses" Became the bastard son of Theseus, since Theseus dumped Antiope and begot a new wife and married Phaedra
Fan of hunting hated sex

Daughter of Minos, married Hippolytus

Corinthian Hero
Became a myth with him successfully and courageously completing each task

Son of Ixion, king of the Lapiths
Wanted to test Theseus' bravery and skill so he raided Theseus' flocks and was caught red-handed. He sincerely apologized and volunteered to become Theus' slave. Theseus was impressed by Pirithous and suggested that instead of killing one another, that they become friends

A Thessalian Tribe

Half men half house creatures
All about rape

Came to symbolize the struggle between civilization and barbarism

Famous leader of Athens who first came to power in 561 BC and governed Athens off and on until his death, when his sons succeeded him