372 final review

Visual examinations and manual checks to determine the condition of an aircraft or component

a casual walkaround to a detailed inspection (complete disassembly and the use of complex inspection aids)

the backbone of a good maintenance program

Part 91

to minimize downtime since annual inspections are extensive and keep an aircraft out of service for a considerable amount of time

give a written request to the FAA flight standard district office

they apply to large or turbine powered aircraft and are therefore more complicated

signs of burning or erosion

you will find a line of burnt rivets leading to the static wicks

clean off the surface and inspect to see if the skin was damaged in anyway

it is a list of key parameters to make sure every aircraft flies identical to every model in its series

specifications, conditions, and limitations for airworthiness requirements (for specific products such as engine make, model , and fuel type)

An FAA publication used to provide guidance and information in a designated subject area or to show an acceptable method of compliance

False (Compliance with these publications are not mandatory)

a book created by the FAA that combine the two most important ACs

a notification to the owner/operator from the FAA to require them to fix an unsafe condition they found on an aircraft of the same type design

Emergency and less urgent notices

Emergency require immediate compliance and less urgent still requires you to comply but you are given a time frame

the owner/operator

a system developed to standardize the order of material in maintenance manuals

a three number system

"its the owner/operator's responsibility to keep records until work is repeated or after one year since the work has been performed"

a description of the work performed, date of completion, name, signature, and certificate number of the person doing the RTS

however long the aircraft owner/operator owns the aircraft

TT in service, status of life limited parts, time since last overhaul, inspection status, AD notes, and major alterations (form 337)

they are transferred with it

yes

The new owner

Airframe and Powerplant

18 years old, read, write, speak, and understand the english language, pass the required tests within 24 months of applying and demonstrate proper knowledge

you can work outside the US and still get a certificate but it will no be valid inside of the US

70%

General: 60 Airframe: 100 powerplant: 100

1 year

30 days

seek additional instruction in the subject matter areas you failed and provide a signed document from the certificated technician

no more than 120 days during which the FAA will review your application

TSA

a certificated mechanic

no

no

no

1 year after conviction

Pre-employment, Periodic, Random, Post-accident, Testing based on reasonable cause

3 years and be active for the last 2

fixed base of operation, available equipment, inspection data necessary to properly inspect parts and appliances that are being RTS

Pass with a minimum of 70 and if you fail you must wait 90 days

March 31st of each odd number year

the technician surrenders it, suspended or revoked, no longer has a fixed base of operations, no longer has the required facilities, equipment or inspection data available

Dynamic (Ram) and Ambient (Static)

the aircraft moving through the air

the non-moving air just outside the aircraft

Protect the system form moisture and dirt from entering the tube

into the airstream so it receives the full force of the impact air

air passes through the baffle then ram air is directed into a chamber in the shark fin which takes it upright and send the pressure to the airspeed indicator

allows moisture to escape

on the outside of the aircraft at a point where the air is least likely to be turbulent

nose of the fuselage, wing, empennage (tail section)

an instrument that uses differential pressure

the difference between dynamic and static air pressure

pitot and static

input air directly into the diaphragm which causes it to expand

only static

adjusts for current atmospheric pressure

indicates rate of climb

altimeter, airspeed , pitch

Part 91.411

Part 43 appendix E

on the glass or face card of the instrument to indicate specific operating limits

white

to make sure the glass does not slip or rotate

Blockages, not activated, failure, ice formation in the intake or over vents, bugs, and fod

the ability for a gyro to remain in a fixed position in the plane in which it is spinning and resist external forces applied to it

the tilting or turning of a gyro in response to pressure

approximately 90 degrees ahead of the point where you apply the force

electrical and air (vacuum)

Vacuum or Pressure

electrical power

it sucks the air around it with a vacuum pump or a venturi

by the engine

it sucks the filtered air from the cabin and through the instrument causing it to spin the gyro afterward the air is dumped out the engine compartment

it is an instrument that gives the pilot an indication of the attitude of the aircraft relative to its pitch and roll axes

an artificial horizon

the natural horizon is blocked by clouds, visibility is poor, and flying at night

to agree with the magnetic compass

about the vertical axis of the aircraft

both roll and yaw

upward about 30 degrees (allowing it to sense both roll and yaw)

Magnetic direction indicators

float magnetic compass

purified kerosene or isopar

dampen the oscillations of the float

the error caused by the difference in the physical location of the magnetic north pole the the geographic north pole

the local magnetic fields within the aircraft

True

Deviation

in plain sight near the compass

that the maximum deviation permitted must not be more than 10 degrees on any heading

the tendency of the compass needles to point down as well as to the magnetic pole

greatest near the poles and least near the magnetic equator

in the horizontal

movement from the horizontal plane

Turning error

a increase in airspeed on an east or west heading causing a false turn north

a decrease in airspeed on a east or west heading causing it to false turn south

turbulence or rough control movements and results in erratic movement of the compass card

east/west compensation, north/south compensation

when swinging the compass to correct for deviation

a system that has the fuel tanks located above the engine and lets gravity deliver the fuel

The space above the liquid fuel is vented to maintain atmospheric pressure on the fuel as the tank empties

to ensure equal pressure when both tanks feed the engine

"They are used on low and mid-wind aircraft that can't send fuel to the engines via gravity"

Engine driven and electrical

Redundancy, the engine pump is the primary and the electrical pump is secondary incase of failure

flexible or rigid

in the engine compartment, wheel wells, and other areas subject to damage from debris

True

A synthetic rubber interior with a reinforcing fiber braid wrap covered by a synthetic exterior

at the lowest point and near the engine

a final filter for the engine

drains, screens, gaskets and sediment bowls

to the engine side of the firewall

Rigid removable, bladder, integral

a vent cap or a vent line

a sump

it is a place for contaminants and water to settle

a drain valve

to remove impurities during a preflight walk around

to subdue the fuel from shifting during flight

Various materials like 3003 or 5052 aluminum alloys or stainless steel

True

they are strapped into the airframe structure

they must be supported by the airframe and held in place with some sort of padded strap arrangement to resist shifting in flight

a bladder fuel tank does not require as large of an opening in the aircraft skin to install

rolled up and put into a specifically prepared structural bay through a small opening like an inspection opening or panel

smooth and unwrinkled on the bottom so the fuel contaminants are not blocked from settling into the tank sump

have a technician patch it up or send it to a fuel tank repair station that can perform the repair

on transport or high performance aircraft

it is part of the structure of the wings or fuselage

baffles to prevent fuel from sloshing around

true

all fuel must be removed and all vapors must be purged

possibly a couple days

A respirator and gloves

Sight glass, Mechanical, Electrical, Electronic

it is a float that sits in the tank and as the fuel is used the float moves with it

it means there is no more usable fuel not that it is empty

False it has no moveable float

to measure capacitance of fuel and air in the tank then it compares that to a reference capacitor

to equalize the fuel tank air pressure during flight and fueling/defueling

prevent fuel evaporation and allow positive pressure on top of the fuel

to reduce weight in case of emergencies or if the max take off weight is greater than 105% of the certified landing weight

on wing tips or trailing edges

outside the hanger because the fuel vapors may accumulate and increase risk of accident

over the wing and pressure system

filling a car

under the wing, a fuel nozzle is locked into the fuel port, and fuel is pumped through this secured and sealed connection

if the charges are not dissipated constantly they can eventually arc somewhere in the line

grounding all equipment

high mechanical efficiency, no backlash, provides precise control

tension must be adjusted frequently due to stretching and temperature changes

carbon steel or stainless steel

"TCDS, Maintenance manual, structural repair manual, manufacturer's service information"

7x19 and 7x7

it is a very flexible and used in primary control systems and other locations where operation over pulleys is used frequently

it is a medium flexible cable which is used for trim tab control, engine controls, and indicator controls

Woven splice, nicopress, swage-type

5 tuck splices

on some antique aircraft where the effort is made to keep all parts in their original configuration

it is a patented process using copper sleeves and may be used up to the full rated strength of the cable when the cable is looped around a thimble

"you need to use the correct tools and follow the instructions word for word so you don't mess up and have to replace the whole cable"

environmental conditions and deterioration

wire or strand breaks, wear, corrosion, distortion

every 100 hours and annually at a minimum

anywhere cables pass through battery compartments, lavatories, and wheel wells

areas where cables pass through, battery compartments, lavatories, and wheel wells

anywhere a cable runs over, under, or around a pulley, sleeve, or through a fairlead

one person moves the control surfaces through its travel the other holds a cloth on the cable and sees if a strand catches on it

loosen or remove a cable and bend it this reveals internal strands that are broken

98%

when cables need to change direction

When turning more than 3 degrees

to help guide cables

bends in cables when a turn is less than 3 degrees

it is a mechanical screw device consisting of two threaded terminals and a threaded barrel

making minor adjustments in the cable length and for adjusting the cable

the groove around the end of the barrel

that all turnbuckle terminals are screwed into the barrel until no more than 3 threads are exposed on either side of the turnbuckle barrel

double wrap method

3

4

False

yes

the problem of varying tension

the transfer of either compression or tension stress through a single tube

support the entire weight of an aircraft during landing and ground operations

Wheels, skids, skis, pontoons

Tail wheel (conventional), tandem, tricycle

because many early aircraft used this type of landing gear

the main landing gear are located forward of the center of gravity (causes the tail to require support from a third wheel assembly)

False

main and tail gear aligned on the longitudinal axis of the aircraft

tricycle type

main gear and a nose gear

it allows for a more forceful application of the breaks without nosing over when breaking thus enabling higher landing speeds

it provides better visibility from the flight deck especially during landing and ground maneuvers

ground looping of the aircraft

to the airframe

no and it causes a lot of induced drag

in the fuselage or wing compartments while in flight (decreasing drag)

Shock absorber, axle, torque links, side braces, retraction actuators, wheels and tires

brake, anti skid, retraction and steering

Parallel (aligned), converge (tow-in), veer away (tow-out)

Fixed structural extension of the upper strut cylinder with bearing surfaces that allow the entire gear assembly to move

lever in the flight deck mechanically linked to the gear using roller chains, sprockets, and a hand crank

hydraulically, though some are electrically operated or manually operated

if the main power failed

it releases the up locks to allow the gear to free fall to the extended position

the flight deck

a simple system of mechanical linkages connected to the rudder pedals

a power source

hydraulic power

through the use of a small wheel, tiller, or joystick that directs hydraulic fluid under pressure to one or more actuators to rotate the lower strut

holding an aircraft stationary during engine run ups and also to help steer if the steering system fails

single, floating, dual, power, expander tube, carbon

tubeless or tube

the weight of the aircraft and provide the necessary traction for braking and stopping

tread, cord body, beads, sidewall

normal skid control, locked wheel skid control, touchdown protection

its braking value is greatly reduced

it signifies sliding has begun and not reached a full scale slide

some of the hydraulic pressure to the wheel which permits the wheel to rotate a little faster and stops it from sliding

True

the brakes are fully released when its wheel locks

if the normal skid control does not prevent the wheel from reaching a full skid

Locked Wheel Skid Control

In a level flight attitude

The maximum takeoff weight and basic empty weight

Crew, Usable fuel, passengers, and cargo

Except unusable fuel

the brakes from being applied during the landing approach even if the brakes are depressed

true

the squat switch must signal wow and the wheel generator sense wheel speed is over 15-20 mph

provide a safe and efficient aircraft in flight

addition of new equipment, new paint job, loss of og weight and balance records, air carrier operators must periodically re-weigh per the operations manual

an imaginary vertical plane from which all horizontal measurements are taken for balancing purposes, with the aircraft in level flight

in the TCDS

the horizontal distance that a part of the aircraft or a piece of equipment is located from datum

inches

either ahead of or behind the specific datum

the product of the weight of an item times its distance from datum

it is the point at which all of the aircraft weight can be considered to be concentrated

it would have no tendency to rotate in either the nose up or nose down attitude

the point at which all of the lift is concentrated

about 1/3 of the way back from the leading edge of the wing

It is the weight of an aircraft and engine, with all the items of operating equipment which have a fixed location installed

it is the maximum authorized weight of the aircraft and its content

Weight of the pilot, copilot, passengers, baggage, usable fuel, drainable oil

in the TCDS which are often on landing gear or jacking points

weighed indoors, flaps up, doors closed, level, seats in center of front to back, controls neutral, fixed equipment on board, unusable fuel on board

only un-drainable

full oil onboard

full anti-ice, hydraulic fluid, etc