exam 3

which is NOT a characteristic of non-fermenting bacilli

what is the clinical significance of Haemophilus ducreyi?

which media allows for the enhancement of the pigment pyocyanin

which organism fits the following:
- produces alginate slime
- beta hemolytic
- none lactose fermenting
- oxidase positive
- grape-like odor

why is pyocyanin significant

which organism is associated with colonization in CF patients, chronic osteomyelitis, swimmer's ear, bacterial keratitis, and a wide range of other infectious diseases?

T/F - P. aeruginosa is now showing intrinsic resistance to many antibiotics

which is NOT a key difference between P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens/P. putida?

which Pseudomonas species is known for being nonfluorescent and having a wrinkly, brown appearance on SBA?

which organism fits the following?
- motile GNR
- associated with CF patients
- not part of normal flora
- dirt-like odor

describe the appearance of B. cepacia complex on BCSA

why is B. cepacia complex so dangerous for CF patients?

which organism fits the following description:
- aerobic GNR
- oxidase positive
- musty/earthy odor
- arginine positive
- caustive agent of meliodosis

where is Elizabethkingia meningoseptica found/acquired?

which organism fits the following:
- positive indole with erlich's reagent
- produces beta lactamases
- oxidase positive
- non motile

which organism fits the following
- green apple odor
- green discoloration
- motile GNR
- assachrolytic
- not part of the human flora, but may colonize CF patients

which two sugars can be oxidzed by Achromobacter xylosoxidans?

T/F - Vibrio spp. are not part of human flora and should be considered pathogenic when found

which organism fits the following:
- found in salt/freshwater
- associated with undercooked seafood and poor sanitation
- comma shaped GNR
- shooting star motility in fresh stool

which is a defining characteristic of Vibrio cholerae

which of the following is correct

how can you differ V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus on TCBS agar?

what organism is associated with the presence of "rice water stool"

which virulence factor(s) are found in V. parahaemolyticus

which allows for the development of septicemia as a result from V. vulnificus?

which organism fits the following
- lactose fermenter on MAC
- indole positive
- halophilic, grows in conditions up to 1% NaCl
- 3-6mm in string test
- sensitive to 10/150 micrograms of O/129
- ferments salicin

_____ fermentation will distinguish V. vulnificus from other Vibrio spp.

what compound is considered vibriostatic

what organism is positive for oxidase, motility, lysine decarboxylase, indole, DNase, and gelatinase

which is a valid test for differentiating Vibrio spp. from Aeromonas

swimming in warm water with an open wound can result in ______ exposure, potentially causing skin infections and septicemia

what organism is thought to smell like almonds, cause wound infections, and produce a pigment called violacein?

what does a positive ALA (aminolevulinic acid)/porphyrin test indicate?

what is the importance of HBA (horse blood agar)

T/F - the HACEK group contains these organisms:
- Aggregatibacter aphrophilus (formerly Haemophilus aphrophilus)
- Aggregatibacter actinomycetocomitans
- Cardiobacterium hominis
- Edwardsiella tarda
- Kingella kingae

what is the clinical significance of the HACEK group

which organism fits the following:
- smells like liquid glue
- requires factor X for isolation but neither X or V for growth
- catalase/indolerease negative
- glucose and lactose positive

which organism is most often associated with localized juvenile periodontitis

which member of the HACEK group fits the following:
- pleomorphic, flowery arrangement on gram stains
- alpha hemolytic
- oxidase, nitrate, and indole positive
- catalase negative
- glucose, maltose, sucrose positive

which member of the HACEK group fits the following:
- bleach odor
- no carbohydrate fermentation
- oxidase/nitrate positive
- associated with human bites/fist fights - leading to infections in IV drug users who lubricate their needles with saliva

which genus contains 17 species that are normal flora in the GI/nasopharyngeal tracts of dogs, cats, and other wild animals?

a child presents to the ER with an infected cat bite that is releasing purulent matieral and has become rapidly inflamed over the past day. a swab was taken and yielded the following:
- catalase/oxidase positive
- glucose fermenting
- weak acid production in TSI
which organism is the most likely culprit?

how can you differentiate the Capnocytophaga species that infect humans vs cats/dogs?

what makes Capnocytophaga a dangerous pathogen?

what do H. influenzae and H. aegyptius have in common?

which organism is responsible for Brazilian purpuric fever

which Haemophilus species fits the following:
- ALA positive
- requires factor V for growth
- gamma hemolysis on HBA

which Haemophilus spp. appears as a "school of fish" or fingerprint arrangements microscopically

which Haemophilus species is ALA positive and X negative

how can you differentiate between H. influenzae and H. aegyptius

which is a common trait in infections casued by Bartonella spp.

a 23 year old female presents with a wound caused by a cat scratch. there is a papule at the wound site, she is experiencing fever, swollen lymph nodes, anorexia, malaise, and arthralgia. what is the likely cause

a student returns from studying abroad in Peru and presents with acute fever and anemia. he is sent away with antibiotics but returns months later with red-purple hemangiomatous lesions along the extremities. what is likely the casuative agent

an unhoused man presents with myalgia, splenomegaly, shin pain, and a relapsing fever. he states that he recently dealt with a case of lice and shows bites on his arms and torso. what is the causative agent

aside from viridians streptococci and the HACEK group, which organisms may be responsible for endocarditis?

which organism can induce bacillary peliosis?

what is the best way to distinguish between Bartonella spp?

what about Brucella makes it difficult to grow?

T/F - DNA analysis has found that there is only one species of Brucella (B. melitensis) with several biovariants, but the biovariants are still referred to by their original species designation

from which animals did B. melitensis originate?

from which animals did B. suis originate?

from which animals did B. abortis originate?

a lab tech presents with an undulant fever after handling patient specimens that came from a dairy farmer. upon culturing, the lab tech's result showed they were infected by a pathogen positive for all of the following: catalase, oxidase, h2s, urease, and nitrate. which is the most likely?

which organism fits the following:
- "gull wing" Gram stain
- microaerophilic/capnophilic requirements
- grows at a wide variety of temperatures
- enterotoxins produced may yield diarrhea

describe the microscopic appearance of Helicobacter pylori

which organism can be identified through the urea breath test or rapid urease reaction using a gastic biopsy specimen as a result of the lesions it causes?

which media is best for isolating Legionella pneumophila?

which organism fits the following:
- growth on BCYE, growth resembles a broken windshield/speckly glass
- causative agent of Pontiac fever
- pale yellowreen fluorescence under long wave fluorescent lights

which organism fits the following:
- best grown on media with charcoal
- Bordet-Gengou with 20% blood yields "mercury drop" growth
- Regan-Lowe media used for transport yields white, pearly colonies
- generally IDed with PCR, direct fluorescent antibody, or slide agglutination

etiologic agent of whooping cough, a disease that primarily infects children under 5

which organism fits the following:
- grows best on agar with cysteine (BCYE or others)
- highly infectious
- uses direct fluorescence and serum agglutination for ID

glandular fever, tick fever, deer fly fever and rabbit fever are all the same disease, caused by ______________

what causes L forms?

which organism fits the following:
- microaerophilic
- GNR that forms chains resembling beads (or perhaps an earthworm)
- shows irregular, fried egg looking colonies with L forms on BHI
- yields "fluff balls" or "bread crumbs" in broth
- associated with rat bites in the USA

to which concentration(s) of O/129 is Aeromonas hydrophila resistant?

describe the appearance of Aeromonas hydrophila on CIN agar