LAB 7

are among the first examples of compounds that
possess a C-O double bond

Some allylic alcohols are oxidized by the reagent to aldehydes and give a

2 simplest family of carbonyl compounds

Aldehydes are often recognizable by their

Vanillin, Benzaldehye, and Cinnamaldehyde ae examples of

Some _____ (e.g. acetone) have a “sweet” smell also).

2-Heptanone, Butanedione, Carvone are examples of

Boiling points for aldehydes and ketones are ____
than for alcohols of similar molar mass

Generally the boiling point of aldehydes and
ketones ____ with increase in molecular
weight

The lower members (up to 4 carbons) of aldehydes and
ketones are soluble in water due to H-bonding.

Reduction test
Note that most ketones and aromatic aldehydes will not
react.

(+) red ppt (aldehyde)

an aldehyde is oxidized to a carboxylic acid
while Cu2+ is reduced to give red Cu2O(s).

Reaction tests for the presence of primary alcohols, secondary alcohol
and aldehyde

(+) primary or secondary alc – 2-3 secs formation of cloudy blue green
suspension and disappearance of orange colored reagent

A chromic acid test is _______ color in
either layer indicates a
positive test

Formation of a precipitate is a positive test.

Some ketones give oils which will not solidify.
Some allylic alcohols are oxidized by the reagent to aldehydes and give a positive test.
Some alcohols, if not purified, may contain aldehyde or ketone impurities.

Aldehydes and ketones containing the CH 3 C=O group will give a
positive result with the triiodomethane reaction.

Therefore, only aldehyde to give a positive result is

for the determination of reducing and non-reducing sugars that
are present in carbohydrates

A brick red precipitate

A pale yellow precipitate of iodoform (CHI3)

Nail polish remover odor
USES:
𖤓 Solvent
𖤓 Nail polish remover
𖤓 Varnish remover
𖤓 denaturan

𖤓 Bitter almond odor

facture of rubber promoters

the synthesis of amino acids,
manufacture of perfumes, flavorings,
plasticizers and gasoline additives

Mothball-like odor

Topical antipruritic

Effective in reducing cough when
externally applied to the chest and
throat of young children

Counterirritant for inflammatory conditions

sweet, warm, creamy, and tenacious odor

Flavorant

Sweet and spicy odor and flavorant

Insecticide against mosquito larvae

𖤓 faintly sweet pungent odor like that
of ethyl alcohol

prouction of fertilizer, paper,
plywood, and urea-formaldehyde
resins

Embalming agent

Disinfectant and Tissue Fixative

𖤓 Mint or acetone-like odor

solvent in insecticides, wood stains,
paint and varnish removers, spot
removers, cellulosics, and natural
and synthetic resins and lacquers.